Urdu (;["Urdu"](_blank)
''Pashto
Pashto (,; , ) is an Eastern Iranian language in the Indo-European language family. It is known in historical Persian literature as Afghani ().
Spoken as a native language mostly by ethnic Pashtuns, it is one of the two official languages ...
: سواتي) are a Pashtun tribe, mostly inhabiting the Hazara Division of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (; ps, خېبر پښتونخوا; Urdu, Hindko: خیبر پختونخوا) commonly abbreviated as KP or KPK, is one of the Administrative units of Pakistan, four provinces of Pakistan. Located in the Geography of Pakistan, ...
province in Pakistan
Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 24 ...
. They are mostly agricultural and are the biggest land owning tribe in the districts of Mansehra
Mansehra is a city in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan and the headquarters of Mansehra District. It is the 71st largest city of Pakistan and 7th largest city in the province.
The name of the city (written in Hindko, Urdu and Goj ...
and Batagram (Feudal Tanawal
Amb or Kingdom of Amb also Feudal Tanawal (Urdu/Persian: ''ریاست امب,'' romanized: ''Riyasat-e-Amb'') was a princely state in the present day Khyber Pakhtunkhwa region of Pakistan. It was a monarchy ruled by the Tanolis, a tribe of the ...
excluded). Swatis are divided into four major tribal clans: Gabri (گبری), Mitravi (متراوی), Mumyaali (ممیالی) and Toar (ٹوڑ). Some of them speak Hindko in towns like Mansehra
Mansehra is a city in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan and the headquarters of Mansehra District. It is the 71st largest city of Pakistan and 7th largest city in the province.
The name of the city (written in Hindko, Urdu and Goj ...
, Balakot
Balakot (; ur, ; ) is a town in Mansehra District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The town was destroyed during the 2005 Kashmir earthquake, but was later rebuilt with the assistance of the Government of Pakistan and Saudi P ...
, Naran, Kaghan and Garhi Habibullah Garhi may refer to several places:
* Garhi Abdullakhan
* Garhi Daulatzai
* Garhi Dupatta
* Garhi Habibullah
* Garhi Harsaru
* Garhi Ismail Zai
* Garhi Khuda Bakhsh
* Garhi Matani
* Garhi Pukhta
* Garhi Shahu
* Garhi Sher Ahmed
* Garhi Yasin
...
while majority of them speak Pashto as a mother tongue. Their code of conduct and customs are similar to Pashtunwali
Pashtunwali or Pakhtunwali ( ps, پښتونولي) is the traditional lifestyle and is best described as a code of honor of the Pashtun people, by which they live. Scholars widely have interpreted it as being "the way of the Afghans" or "the code ...
, and are called Swatiwali. Swatis are sometimes referred to as Suwadis and Servatis. Most of them are orthodox Muslims, and have been Muslim since Ghaznavid times. They are staunch followers of the Hanafi
The Hanafi school ( ar, حَنَفِية, translit=Ḥanafiyah; also called Hanafite in English), Hanafism, or the Hanafi fiqh, is the oldest and one of the four traditional major Sunni schools ( maddhab) of Islamic Law (Fiqh). It is named aft ...
school of Islamic jurisprudence.
According to the 1911 Census Report, the tribe was counted as having 33,000 individuals in Hazara District alone, excluding the independent territory of Battagram
Battagram ( ur, , ps, ) is a city and Union Council of Battagram District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. It is located at 34°41'N 73°1'E and has an altitude of 1038 metres (3408 feet).
Climate
With a mild and generally warm a ...
, then known as Hazara Agency.["North-West Frontier Province"](_blank)
''Census of India 1911'', Vol. 13
Subsections and their locations
Swatis have the following subsections, holding land share given against each (in British territory only prior to Independence of Pakistan):
* Gabri in Upper Pakhli
Pakhli Sultanate was an ancient sarkar (district) of the Mughal Subah of Punjab, now part of Hazara, Pakistan. It roughly corresponds to the ancient Urasa, the Aρσa or Οΰaρσa which Ptolemy placed between the Bidaspes (Jhelum) and the Indus. ...
# Khankhel (adoption) (2) Nimakai land collectively in areas of Garhi Habibullah Garhi may refer to several places:
* Garhi Abdullakhan
* Garhi Daulatzai
* Garhi Dupatta
* Garhi Habibullah
* Garhi Harsaru
* Garhi Ismail Zai
* Garhi Khuda Bakhsh
* Garhi Matani
* Garhi Pukhta
* Garhi Shahu
* Garhi Sher Ahmed
* Garhi Yasin
...
, Mansehra
Mansehra is a city in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan and the headquarters of Mansehra District. It is the 71st largest city of Pakistan and 7th largest city in the province.
The name of the city (written in Hindko, Urdu and Goj ...
and Bherkund.[Nimakai is a ]Pushto
Pashto (,; , ) is an Eastern Iranian language in the Indo-European language family. It is known in historical Persian literature as Afghani ().
Spoken as a native language mostly by ethnic Pashtuns, it is one of the two official languages ...
/ Dari
Dari (, , ), also known as Dari Persian (, ), is the variety of the Persian language spoken in Afghanistan. Dari is the term officially recognised and promoted since 1964 by the Afghan government for the Persian language,Lazard, G.Darī ...
word derived from ''nim'' figuratively meaning ''share''
# Sarkheli (2) Nimakai land collectively in areas Baffa
Baffa ( ur, Pashto :بفه ) is a town, a union council and capital of Tehsil Baffa Pakhal of Mansehra District in the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa,
Pakistan. It lies about 15 km north of the district capital, Mansehra.
History
Baffa ...
, Balakot
Balakot (; ur, ; ) is a town in Mansehra District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The town was destroyed during the 2005 Kashmir earthquake, but was later rebuilt with the assistance of the Government of Pakistan and Saudi P ...
and Shinkiari
Shinkiari ( ps, شینکیارۍ; Hindko/Urdu: شنکیاری) is a Union Council of Mansehra District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is a major tea city with many tea gardens. The police station was established before the Pa ...
.
# Mirs including (a) Dodaal (1) Nimakai collectively in areas Shinkiari
Shinkiari ( ps, شینکیارۍ; Hindko/Urdu: شنکیاری) is a Union Council of Mansehra District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is a major tea city with many tea gardens. The police station was established before the Pa ...
, Kaghan, Balakot
Balakot (; ur, ; ) is a town in Mansehra District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The town was destroyed during the 2005 Kashmir earthquake, but was later rebuilt with the assistance of the Government of Pakistan and Saudi P ...
and Bhogarmang (b) Panjghol (1) Nimakai collectively in areas Shinkiari
Shinkiari ( ps, شینکیارۍ; Hindko/Urdu: شنکیاری) is a Union Council of Mansehra District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is a major tea city with many tea gardens. The police station was established before the Pa ...
and Kaghan (c) Panjmiraal (1) Nimakai in area Shinkiari
Shinkiari ( ps, شینکیارۍ; Hindko/Urdu: شنکیاری) is a Union Council of Mansehra District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is a major tea city with many tea gardens. The police station was established before the Pa ...
.[E G. Wace (1876]
''Report of the land revenue settlement of the Hazara district of the Punjab''
# Deshraaes including (a) Jahangiri (1) Nimakai collectively in areas Mansehra
Mansehra is a city in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan and the headquarters of Mansehra District. It is the 71st largest city of Pakistan and 7th largest city in the province.
The name of the city (written in Hindko, Urdu and Goj ...
and Bhogarmang (b)
# Arghushaals (1) Nimakai collectively in areas Dhodial
Dhodial (also known as Dhudial) is a town and union council located near Baffa between Mansehra and Shinkiari in Mansehra District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Dhodial is a fertile region known for its vegetables and tobacco. Dh ...
, Shinkiari
Shinkiari ( ps, شینکیارۍ; Hindko/Urdu: شنکیاری) is a Union Council of Mansehra District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is a major tea city with many tea gardens. The police station was established before the Pa ...
, Garhi Habibillah , and Kaghan .
# Iznaali/Mandravi (1) Nimakai in area Konsh.
*Mitravi in Lower Pakhli
Pakhli Sultanate was an ancient sarkar (district) of the Mughal Subah of Punjab, now part of Hazara, Pakistan. It roughly corresponds to the ancient Urasa, the Aρσa or Οΰaρσa which Ptolemy placed between the Bidaspes (Jhelum) and the Indus. ...
#Ali Sheris (3) Nimakais collectively in the areas of Sherpur, Malakpur, Gidarpur, Tarihya. This tribe is further divided into (a) Khankhel Balasuri ''(unrelated to Khankhels of Garhi Habibullah)'' (b) Jalangiaal (c) Ranisiaal.
# Beegaal (3) Nimakais in the area of Agror
The valley of Agror is located in the Hazara region of the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of northern Pakistan. Its territory makes up Oghi Tehsil, an administrative unit of Mansehra District. The valley consists of three mountain glens, in length a ...
. This tribe is further subdivided into (a) Shamkori (b) Chojayee.
*Mumyaali (6) Nimakais collectively in areas of Trangi Sabir Shah
Trangi Sabir Shah (or Trangri Sabir Shah) is a village and union council (an administrative subdivision) of Mansehra District in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is located to the north of the district capital Mansehra
Mansehra is ...
, Khaki, Gulibagh
Gulibagh literally mean in pushto language “the garden of flowers” is an administrative unit, known as Union council, of Swat District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.
District Swat has 9 Tehsils i.e. Khwazakhela, Charbagh, Kaba ...
, Nakot and Tikri. This tribe is further divided into (a) Sharor (b) Rabati (c) Panjkora (d) Shilmani
The Shalmani or ''Shilmani'' ( ps, شلمانى) is a Pashtun tribe primarily concentrated in the Shalman Valley in Khyber Agency near Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. ''Shalmani'' is also known as ''Sulemani'' a variant of ''Shalmani'' ( p ...
(e) Ashlor (f) Naror (g) Toor Malakaal (h) Deshaan.
* Toar is the tribe that was located in then Independent Territory, now mostly under Battagram
Battagram ( ur, , ps, ) is a city and Union Council of Battagram District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. It is located at 34°41'N 73°1'E and has an altitude of 1038 metres (3408 feet).
Climate
With a mild and generally warm a ...
district. Therefore, it was not surveyed in 1872. This area also included Allai which is a tehsil of Batagram District in Pakistan's Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (; ps, خېبر پښتونخوا; Urdu, Hindko: خیبر پختونخوا) commonly abbreviated as KP or KPK, is one of the four provinces of Pakistan. Located in the northwestern region of the country, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ...
province.
References
{{Reflist
Further reading
* Baburnama by Emperor Zaheeruddin Babar translated by Beveridge, Annette Susannah, 1842-1929. ''A detailed version of Mir Haidar Ali Gabri Swati of Bajawar, Sultan Awais Swati and Sultan Aliuddin Swati.
* Tajik Swati and Gabr by Prof. Akhta
* Story of Swat as told by Miangul Abdul Wadood Badshah by Asif Khan.'' History of Swati Tribe and Swat at general.''
* Ethnogenesis and History of Swatis by Arif Hasa
* Imperial Gazetteer of India P 31
* History of the Pathans Vol. III by Brig. Haroon Rashid (R)
* The Kingdom of Swat Gibar by Akhunzada Arif Hasan Kha
* Further Swati Insights from my Y DNA by Arif Hasan Kha
Social groups of Pakistan
Pakistani names
Ethnic groups in Afghanistan
Mansehra District
Battagram District