The Supreme Soviet of the Byelorussian SSR (
Belarusian: Вярхоўны Савет Беларускай ССР, ''Viarchoŭny Saviet Bielaruskaj SSR'';
Russian
Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including:
*Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries
*Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and peo ...
: Верховный Совет Белорусской ССР
tr. ''Verkhovnyy Sovet Belorusskoy SSR'') was the
supreme soviet
The Supreme Soviet (russian: Верховный Совет, Verkhovny Sovet, Supreme Council) was the common name for the legislative bodies (parliaments) of the Soviet socialist republics (SSR) in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) ...
(main
legislative institution) of the
Byelorussian SSR
The Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR, or Byelorussian SSR; be, Беларуская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка, Bielaruskaja Savieckaja Sacyjalistyčnaja Respublika; russian: Белор ...
from 1938 to 1991. The Supreme Soviet of the Byelorussian SSR was preceded by the
All-Byelorussian Central Executive Committee (1920-1938) and the
All-Byelorussian Congress of Soviets (1919-1937). The Supreme Soviet of the Byelorussian SSR was briefly disbanded in 1941 due to the
Great Patriotic War
The Eastern Front of World War II was a theatre of conflict between the European Axis powers against the Soviet Union (USSR), Poland and other Allies, which encompassed Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Northeast Europe (Baltics), and Sout ...
and was re-established in 1947. The Supreme Soviet of the Byelorussian SSR was briefly succeeded by the
Supreme Soviet of Belarus
The Supreme Council of the Republic of Belarus, sometimes translated as Supreme Soviet of the Republic of Belarus ( be, Вярхоўны Савет Рэспублікі Беларусь), was the unicameral legislature of Belarus between 1991 an ...
from 1991 to 1996. The Supreme Soviet of Belarus was succeeded by the
National Assembly of Belarus
The National Assembly of the Republic of Belarus ( be, Нацыянальны сход Рэспублікі Беларусь, Nacyjanalny schod Respubliki Bielaruś; russian: Национальное собрание Республики Бел ...
in 1996.
Until
Gorbachev's democratization program, the Supreme Soviet of the Byelorussian SSR was a
rubber stamp
A rubber stamp is an image or pattern that has been carved, molded, laser engraved or vulcanized onto a sheet of rubber. Rubber stamping, also called stamping, is a craft in which some type of ink made of dye or pigment is applied to rubber ...
like all other
supreme soviets of the
union republics
The Republics of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics or the Union Republics ( rus, Сою́зные Респу́блики, r=Soyúznye Respúbliki) were national-based administrative units of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ( ...
of the
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...
, existing only to provide legal sanction for policies already implemented by the
Communist Party of Byelorussia
The Communist Party of Byelorussia (CPB; russian: Коммунистическая партия Белоруссии; be, Камуністычная партыя Беларусі) was the ruling communist party of the Byelorussian Soviet Social ...
. The
1990 Belarusian Supreme Soviet election was the only supreme soviet election where opposition parties were able to run.
History
The Supreme Soviet of the Byelorussian SSR was established pursuant to the Constitution of the
Byelorussian SSR
The Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR, or Byelorussian SSR; be, Беларуская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка, Bielaruskaja Savieckaja Sacyjalistyčnaja Respublika; russian: Белор ...
from 1937, which changed the organization of main political organs of the republic. In theory, the Supreme Soviet was to be a legislative body that exercised power over the legislative branch of the
Byelorussian SSR
The Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR, or Byelorussian SSR; be, Беларуская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка, Bielaruskaja Savieckaja Sacyjalistyčnaja Respublika; russian: Белор ...
. In reality, the Supreme Soviet's power was limited to approving the decisions of the
Communist Party of Byelorussia
The Communist Party of Byelorussia (CPB; russian: Коммунистическая партия Белоруссии; be, Камуністычная партыя Беларусі) was the ruling communist party of the Byelorussian Soviet Social ...
.
Supreme Soviet elections were held in 1938, 1947, 1951, 1955, 1959, 1963, 1967, 1971, 1975, 1980, 1985, and 1990. In
1990
File:1990 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1990 FIFA World Cup is played in Italy; The Human Genome Project is launched; Voyager I takes the famous Pale Blue Dot image- speaking on the fragility of Humankind, humanity on Earth, Astroph ...
, 360 deputies were elected.
Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet
The Chairman of the Supreme Soviet was speaker of the legislative assembly. With the disbandment of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Byelorussian SSR in May 1990, the powers of the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet were transferred to the Chairman of the Supreme Soviet. This changed the role and powers of the Chairman of the Supreme Soviet from 1990 and onwards. The office-holders remained speakers of the assembly and additionally became the ''de jure'' heads of state.
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
The Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet was the de jure head of state of the Byelorussian SSR. With the disbandment of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Byelorussian SSR in May 1990, the powers of the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet were transferred to the Chairman of the Supreme Soviet. This changed the role and powers of the Chairman of the Supreme Soviet from 1990 and onwards.
{, class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
!
!Picture
! width="150" , Name
! width="150" , Took office
! width="150" , Left office
! width="150" , Political party
, -
! colspan="6" align="center" , Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
, -
! style="background:; color:white;" , 1
,
,
Nichipar Natalevich
(1900-1964)
, 27 July 1938
, 17 March 1948
,
CPSU
"Hymn of the Bolshevik Party"
, headquarters = 4 Staraya Square, Moscow
, general_secretary = Vladimir Lenin (first)Mikhail Gorbachev (last)
, founded =
, banned =
, founder = Vladimir Lenin
, newspaper ...
, -
! style="background:; color:white;" , 2
,
,
Vasily Kozlov
(1903-1967)
, 17 March 1948
, 2 December 1967
,
CPSU
"Hymn of the Bolshevik Party"
, headquarters = 4 Staraya Square, Moscow
, general_secretary = Vladimir Lenin (first)Mikhail Gorbachev (last)
, founded =
, banned =
, founder = Vladimir Lenin
, newspaper ...
, -
! rowspan="2" style="background:; color:white;" , –
,
,
Fedor Surganov
(1911-1976)
, 2 December 1967
, 22 January 1968
,
CPSU
"Hymn of the Bolshevik Party"
, headquarters = 4 Staraya Square, Moscow
, general_secretary = Vladimir Lenin (first)Mikhail Gorbachev (last)
, founded =
, banned =
, founder = Vladimir Lenin
, newspaper ...
, -
,
,
Valentina Klochkova
(1924-?)
, 2 December 1967
, 22 January 1968
,
CPSU
"Hymn of the Bolshevik Party"
, headquarters = 4 Staraya Square, Moscow
, general_secretary = Vladimir Lenin (first)Mikhail Gorbachev (last)
, founded =
, banned =
, founder = Vladimir Lenin
, newspaper ...
, -
! style="background:; color:white;" , 3
,
,
Siarhei Prytytski
Siarhei Prytytski ( be, Сяргей Прытыцкі, ''Siarhiej Prytycki'' russian: Серге́й Притыцкий, ''Sergey Pritytsky'', pl, Sergiusz Prytycki; February 1, 1913, Harkawicze - June 13, 1971, Minsk) was a Belarusian Soviet st ...
(1913-1971)
, 22 January 1968
, 13 June 1971
,
CPSU
"Hymn of the Bolshevik Party"
, headquarters = 4 Staraya Square, Moscow
, general_secretary = Vladimir Lenin (first)Mikhail Gorbachev (last)
, founded =
, banned =
, founder = Vladimir Lenin
, newspaper ...
, -
! rowspan="3" style="background:; color:white;" , –
,
,
Fedor Surganov
(1911-1976)
, 13 June 1971
, 16 July 1971
,
CPSU
"Hymn of the Bolshevik Party"
, headquarters = 4 Staraya Square, Moscow
, general_secretary = Vladimir Lenin (first)Mikhail Gorbachev (last)
, founded =
, banned =
, founder = Vladimir Lenin
, newspaper ...
, -
,
,
Ivan Klimov
Ivan Frolovich Klimov ( be, Іва́н Фро́лавіч Клі́маў, russian: Иван Фролович Климов; 10 September 1903 – 9 October 1991) was a Soviet politician. He was the First Secretary of the Baranavichy Voblast Reg ...
(1903-1991)
, 13 June 1971
, 16 July 1971
,
CPSU
"Hymn of the Bolshevik Party"
, headquarters = 4 Staraya Square, Moscow
, general_secretary = Vladimir Lenin (first)Mikhail Gorbachev (last)
, founded =
, banned =
, founder = Vladimir Lenin
, newspaper ...
, -
,
,
Valentina Klochkova
(1924-?)
, 13 June 1971
, 16 July 1971
,
CPSU
"Hymn of the Bolshevik Party"
, headquarters = 4 Staraya Square, Moscow
, general_secretary = Vladimir Lenin (first)Mikhail Gorbachev (last)
, founded =
, banned =
, founder = Vladimir Lenin
, newspaper ...
, -
! style="background:; color:white;" , 4
,
,
Fedor Surganov
(1911-1976)
, 16 July 1971
, 26 December 1976
,
CPSU
"Hymn of the Bolshevik Party"
, headquarters = 4 Staraya Square, Moscow
, general_secretary = Vladimir Lenin (first)Mikhail Gorbachev (last)
, founded =
, banned =
, founder = Vladimir Lenin
, newspaper ...
, -
! rowspan="2" style="background:; color:white;" , –
,
,
Vladimir Labanok
(1907-1984)
, 27 December 1976
, 28 February 1977
,
CPSU
"Hymn of the Bolshevik Party"
, headquarters = 4 Staraya Square, Moscow
, general_secretary = Vladimir Lenin (first)Mikhail Gorbachev (last)
, founded =
, banned =
, founder = Vladimir Lenin
, newspaper ...
, -
,
,
Zinaida Bychkovskaya
(born 1941)
, 27 December 1976
, 28 February 1977
,
CPSU
"Hymn of the Bolshevik Party"
, headquarters = 4 Staraya Square, Moscow
, general_secretary = Vladimir Lenin (first)Mikhail Gorbachev (last)
, founded =
, banned =
, founder = Vladimir Lenin
, newspaper ...
, -
! style="background:; color:white;" , 5
,
,
Ivan Polyakov
(1914-2004)
, 28 February 1977
, 29 November 1985
,
CPSU
"Hymn of the Bolshevik Party"
, headquarters = 4 Staraya Square, Moscow
, general_secretary = Vladimir Lenin (first)Mikhail Gorbachev (last)
, founded =
, banned =
, founder = Vladimir Lenin
, newspaper ...
, -
! style="background:; color:white;" , 6
,
,
Georgy Tarazevich
(1937-2003)
, 29 November 1985
, 28 July 1989
,
CPSU
"Hymn of the Bolshevik Party"
, headquarters = 4 Staraya Square, Moscow
, general_secretary = Vladimir Lenin (first)Mikhail Gorbachev (last)
, founded =
, banned =
, founder = Vladimir Lenin
, newspaper ...
, -
! style="background:{{party color, Workers' Party of Korea; color:white;" , 7
,
,
Mikalay Dzyemyantsyey
Mikalay Dzyemyantsyey ( be, Мікалай Дземянцей, Łacinka: ''Mikałaj Dzemianciej'', russian: Николай Дементей, Nikolay Dementey; 25 May 1930 – 10 July 2018) was a Soviet and Belarusian politician who was chairman of ...
(1930-2018)
, 28 July 1989
, 15 May 1990
,
CPSU
"Hymn of the Bolshevik Party"
, headquarters = 4 Staraya Square, Moscow
, general_secretary = Vladimir Lenin (first)Mikhail Gorbachev (last)
, founded =
, banned =
, founder = Vladimir Lenin
, newspaper ...
See also
*
Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union
The Supreme Soviet of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ( rus, Верховный Совет Союза Советских Социалистических Республик, r=Verkhovnyy Sovet Soyuza Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respubl ...
*
Supreme Soviet
The Supreme Soviet (russian: Верховный Совет, Verkhovny Sovet, Supreme Council) was the common name for the legislative bodies (parliaments) of the Soviet socialist republics (SSR) in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) ...
*
Byelorussian SSR
The Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR, or Byelorussian SSR; be, Беларуская Савецкая Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка, Bielaruskaja Savieckaja Sacyjalistyčnaja Respublika; russian: Белор ...
References
__NOTOC__
Historical legislatures
1938 establishments in Belarus
1991 disestablishments in Belarus
Government of the Soviet Union
Government of Belarus
Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic
Defunct unicameral legislatures
Byelorussian