Sultan Ahmed Khan I (
Kumyk: ''Солтан Агьмат-Хан'',
1802
Events
January–March
* January 5 – Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin, British ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, begins removal of the Elgin Marbles from the Parthenon in Athens, claiming they were at risk of destruction during the Ot ...
–
1823
Events January–March
* January 22 – By secret treaty signed at the Congress of Verona, the Quintuple Alliance gives France a mandate to invade Spain for the purpose of restoring Ferdinand VII (who has been captured by armed revolutio ...
) was the
khan
Khan may refer to:
*Khan (inn), from Persian, a caravanserai or resting-place for a travelling caravan
*Khan (surname), including a list of people with the name
*Khan (title), a royal title for a ruler in Mongol and Turkic languages and used by ...
(governor) of the
Avar Khanate from 1800 to 1823.
Origin
He belonged to the
Kumyk family of the
Mehtulin khans, but after the suppression of the
Avar khan's family in the male line he married the daughter of the previous ruler and took the title of
Avar khan
Khan may refer to:
*Khan (inn), from Persian, a caravanserai or resting-place for a travelling caravan
*Khan (surname), including a list of people with the name
*Khan (title), a royal title for a ruler in Mongol and Turkic languages and used by ...
.
Biography
Early years
The previous killed khan left daughters Bakhu Bike and Patimat,
Georgian
Georgian may refer to:
Common meanings
* Anything related to, or originating from Georgia (country)
** Georgians, an indigenous Caucasian ethnic group
** Georgian language, a Kartvelian language spoken by Georgians
**Georgian scripts, three scrip ...
wife Darejan and half-brother
Gebek.
Uma Khan's last wife Khistaman, who opposed the coming to power of her husband's brother Gebek in every way fought for supremacy in the khanate too, and she was also supported by the local nobility. Nevertheless, Gebek became the ruler, who had been in this role for about 9 months, when a coup was carried out and the ruler was killed in January 1802, not without the intervention of Khistaman.
At this time, Sultan Ahmed Khan, the husband of the eldest daughter of the khan Bakhu Bike, who until that time had been with the title of
bey in the village of
Paraul, was invited to govern the
Avar Khanate. But this time the struggle for power did not end either, because Surkhay, the son of the late Gebek, who settled in the village of
Tukita also claimed power.
Relations with the Russian Empire
In 1803 he took an oath of
Russian citizenship and in 1807 was granted the rank of
major general.
Meanwhile, Sultan Ahmed Khan at the end of August 1819, at the head of a 6,000 detachment marched against the fortress of
Vnezapnaya, but near the village of
Bavtugay
Bavtugay (russian: Бавтугай) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) under the administrative jurisdiction of the Town of Kizilyurt in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 4,765.
Hist ...
on the left bank of the
Sulak river, utterly defeated by the
tsarist troops fled to the mountains.
As punishment for this, the manager of the civil part in
Georgia,
Astrakhan and the
Caucasus provinces, general
Aleksey Yermolov
Aleksey Petrovich Yermolov (russian: Алексе́й Петро́вич Ермо́лов, p=jɪrˈmoləf; – ) was a Russian Imperial general of the 19th century who commanded Russian troops in the Caucasian War. He served in all the Rus ...
deposed Sultan Ahmed Khan, and entrusted the management of
Avar khanate to the son of
Gebek khan Surkhay.
In 1819 general Yermolov promised Surkhay Khan through the intermediary of
shamakhal of
Tarki the rank of
major general and 5.000
rubles of salary, if he could remove Sultan Ahmed Khan from power.
However, all Surkhay Khan's attempts to establish himself in Avar lands were unsuccessful, because he was recognized only by the Russian administration and power was in the hands of Sultan Ahmed Khan I.
However, in 1826, Sultan Ahmed Khan died, leaving behind his young sons and daughter.
The Caucasian command was forced to divide
Avar Khanate into two parts, one of which was transferred to the control of Surkhay Khan and the other much larger part was ruled by the young son of Sultan Ahmed Khan – Abu Nutsal Khan.
Family
According to the
genealogy of the
Avar khans
Avar(s) or AVAR may refer to:
Peoples and states
* Avars (Caucasus), a modern Northeast Caucasian-speaking people in the North Caucasus, Dagestan, Russia
**Avar language, the modern Northeast Caucasian language spoken by the Avars of the North C ...
compiled by
Adolf Berge
Adolph Bergé or Adolf Pyetrovich Berzhe (russian: Адольф Петрович Берже) (July 28, 1828, St. Petersburg – January 31, 1886, Tiflis) was an Imperial Russian bureaucrat and an Orientalist historian, with principal interests in ...
, Sultan Ahmed Khan married the widow of
Umma Khan V
Umma Khan V (Omar Khan) Avar nicknamed Great liev B.G. General R.F.Rosen’s work “Description of Chechnya and Dagestan” https://caucasushistory.ru/2618-6772/article/view/19/19/ Bulletin of the Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of ...
named Gikhilay and his daughter
Bakhu Bike. With them he had 4 children:
# son Abu Sultan Khan I nutsal (1813–1834), khan since 1823. He was married to the daughter of
shamkhal of
Tarki Abu Muslim
, image = Abu Muslim chastises a man for telling tales, Folio from the Ethics of Nasir (Akhlaq-e Nasiri) by Nasir al-Din Tusi (fol. 248r).jpg
, caption = "Abu Muslim chastises a man for telling tales," Folio from the '' ...
Khaibat, from whom a son was born, named after his grandfather Sultan Ahmed
# son Umma Khan (1816–1834)
# daughter of Sultaneta (Soltan-Bike, b. 1818) married
shamkhal of
Tarki Abu Muslim
, image = Abu Muslim chastises a man for telling tales, Folio from the Ethics of Nasir (Akhlaq-e Nasiri) by Nasir al-Din Tusi (fol. 248r).jpg
, caption = "Abu Muslim chastises a man for telling tales," Folio from the '' ...
# son Bulach (1820–1834)
[{{Cite web , title=Was the young Avar khan Bulach killed on the orders of Imam Shamil? , url=https://ndelo.ru/imam-shamil/byl-li-ubit-yunyj-avarskij-han-bulach-po-prikazu-imama-shamilya , access-date=2023-02-18 , website=Новое Дело , language=ru]
See also
*
Umma Khan V
Umma Khan V (Omar Khan) Avar nicknamed Great liev B.G. General R.F.Rosen’s work “Description of Chechnya and Dagestan” https://caucasushistory.ru/2618-6772/article/view/19/19/ Bulletin of the Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of ...
*
Avar Khanate
*
History of Dagestan
References
Sources
* Lemercier-Quelquejay Ch. La structure social, politique et religieuse du Caucase du Nord au XVI siècle // CMRS. Т. 25. No.2-3. Р. 125–148.
*
Potto, Vasily (1991). ''Caucasian War''.
Stavropol. p. 199.
*
Genichutlinsky, Haydarbek (1992). ''Historical-biographical and historical essays''.
Makhachkala: Dagestan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. p. 40.
External links
* Kasumov S. M.
Socio-economic and political situation of the war of the Avar Khanate in the first third of the 19th-century – ''science-education.ru.''
*
– ''vostlit.info''
Avar Khans
Avar Khanate
19th-century rulers
19th-century rulers in Europe
19th-century rulers in Asia
19th-century deaths
Kumyks
History of Kumyks
History of Dagestan
1823 deaths