Grim is a

borough A borough is an administrative division in various English-speaking countries. In principle, the term ''borough'' designates a self-governing walled town, although in practice, official use of the term varies widely. History In the Middle Ag ...

in the city of Kristiansand which lies in the municipality of

Kristiansand Kristiansand is a seaside resort city and municipality in Agder county, Norway. The city is the fifth-largest and the municipality the sixth-largest in Norway, with a population of around 112,000 as of January 2020, following the incorporation ...

in Agder county,

Norway Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and t ...

. The borough has a population of about 16,000 people and is the second least populated borough in Kristiansand. Grim is located in the northwestern part of the municipality, north of

Vågsbygd Vågsbygd is a borough and disrict in the city of Kristiansand which lies in the municipality of Kristiansand in Agder county, Norway. It is the largest borough and district in Kristiansand. Until 1965, Vågsbygd was a part of Oddernes municipal ...

borough, northwest of Kvadraturen borough, and west of

Lund Lund (, , ) is a city in the southern Swedish provinces of Sweden, province of Scania, across the Øresund, Öresund strait from Copenhagen. The town had 91,940 inhabitants out of a municipal total of 121,510 . It is the seat of Lund Municipali ...

borough. Grim also borders Songdalen and Vennesla municipalities to the west and north, respectively. The borough of Grim is divided into five districts: Grim, Hellemyr,

Tinnheia Tinnheia is a district in the city of Kristiansand in Agder county, Norway. The population is around 3,660 (2014). It is part of the borough of Grim, and it is generally populated with mostly apartment homes, with a high percentage of immigrants. ...

, Strai, and Mosby. The district of Grim is in the southeast part of the borough, forming a little centrum for the borough. The district of Hellemyr is located in the southwest part of the borough and the small district of

is in the south central part of the borough. The northern two-thirds of the borough is made up of the two rural districts of Strai (central Grim) and Mosby (far northern Grim). Both of these districts are both characterized by an agrarian environment.

History

The city of Kristiansand was founded because of the nearby farms in Grim, which included some crown land, along with the nearby area of Eg. The area was called Grimsmoen and in 1643 and 1644 it was transferred from Grim to the city of Kristiansand, and today that area is the city center, called Kvadraturen, after the quadrant-based town plan that was prepared using Renaissance ideals. The term Sanden is also used when referring to Grimsmoen. The districts of Strai and Mosby were both a part of

Oddernes Oddernes is a borough in the city of Kristiansand which lies in the municipality of Kristiansand in Agder county, Norway. The borough covers eastern Kristiansand on the east side of the Topdalsfjorden and the Varodd Bridge. The borough include ...

Municipality until it was merged into Kristiansand in 1965.

Population and demographics

The district of Grim has a population of 5,200. Some of the larger neighborhoods in the district is

Grimsmyra Grim is a borough in the city of Kristiansand which lies in the municipality of Kristiansand in Agder county, Norway. The borough has a population of about 16,000 people and is the second least populated borough in Kristiansand. Grim is located i ...

, Krossen, and Suldalen. The centrum of Grim is called Grim Torv and is located in the middle of the district. Grim consist of many large, white houses and apartments. Tinnheia is the district in Kristiansand with the most apartment buildings. There is a little centrum for Tinnheia at the top of the hill called Tinnheia Torv. Hellemyr consists of typical Norwegian neighborhoods. Strai and Mosby both consist of a lot of farms and rural neighborhoods. The borough of Grim is the 3rd most populous place for immigrants in Kristiansand, making up 22% of the population and 19% of the population of the district of Grim. About 5% of the immigrants are from

Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a Continent#Subcontinents, subcontinent of Eurasia ...

and

North-America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ...

while 17% are from

Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...

and

Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an area ...

Neighbourhoods

*Artillerivollen * Bellevue * Breimyr *Brønnstykket * Dalane *Dueknipden * Eigevannskollen *Enrum *

Fjellro Hellemyr is a district in the city of Kristiansand in Agder county, Norway. It has a population of 2,990 (in 2014). The district is located in the borough of Grim. The district of Tinnheia lies to the east, the district of Slettheia lies to the so ...

* Fidje *Hellemyrtoppen *Hellemyrlia *Hellinga *Idda *Hannevik terasse *

Hannevika Hannevika or Hannevig / Hannevik is a neighbourhood in the city of Kristiansand in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the borough of Grim and in the district of Tinnheia. The neighborhood is located along the European route E39 highway and the ...

*Hannevikdalen *Hannevikåsen *Haus *Heisel *Hommeren *Høie * Høietun *Indre Strai *

Koboltveien Koboltveien is a neighbourhood in the city of Kristiansand in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the borough of Grim and in the district of Tinnheia Tinnheia is a district in the city of Kristiansand in Agder county, Norway. The population i ...

* Kolsberg * Kolsdalen *Lindekleiv *Fagerdal *

Grim torv Grim is a borough in the city of Kristiansand which lies in the municipality of Kristiansand in Agder county, Norway. The borough has a population of about 16,000 people and is the second least populated borough in Kristiansand. Grim is located i ...

*Grimsvollen *Møllevannet * Klappane *

Krossen Krossen is a village in Lindesnes municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located in the Mandalen valley, on the western shore of the river Mandalselva, about north of the town of Mandal and about south of the village of Øysleb� ...

* Mosby *

Ravnedalen Ravnedalen may refer to: * Ravnedalen, Kristiansand is a park in Kristiansand, Norway * Ravnedalen on the island Bornholm Bornholm () is a Danish island in the Baltic Sea, to the east of the rest of Denmark, south of Sweden, northeast of Germ ...

*Paradis * Sløyfen *Solholmen * Solkollen * Suldalen *Tinnheia nordvest *Tinnheia sørøst *Tinnheia torv *Tinnheiatoppen *Tjuvhelleren * Vestheiene *Vestre Fidjane *Ytre Strai *Øvre Mosby

Centrums

Grim torv is the small centrum for the district Grim, it is located in the middle of Grim with Grim Junior High. The centrum has a bakery, pharmacy, hair salon, pizza place, grocery stores, and other business. There is an old closed factory behind Grim torv. Tinnheia torv is located at the top of Tinnheia and has a little square with a playground in the middle. The square is surrounded by small stores and grocery stores. There is also a pizza place at Tinnheia torv along with an activity club, solarium and karate center. Vestheiene is the centrum for Hellemyr. It has a small square street called Skomagergada, there is a hair saloon and a pizza place at the location along with a grocery store and

Hellemyr Church Hellemyr Church ( no, Hellemyr kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Kristiansand Municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the district of Hellemyr in the borough of Grim in the city of Kristiansand. It is the church ...

. Mosby has a small centrum for both Strai and Mosby. There is a small park and some stores there.

Economy

is a large industrial area in Kristiansand and is a part of Tinnheia. The industrial areas largest businesses is Hennig-Olsen Is, a large Norwegian ice-cream company which has its headquarters here.

Glencore Glencore plc is a Swiss multinational commodity trading and mining company with headquarters in Baar, Switzerland. Glencore's oil and gas head office is in London and its registered office is in Saint Helier, Jersey. The current company was c ...

has a fabric located in Hannevika. Christianssands Bryggeri is a local brewery located in Grim district and was founded 1859.

Tine Tine may refer to: *Tine (structural), a 'prong' on a fork or similar implement, or any similar structure *Tine (company), the biggest dairy producer in Norway * ''Tine'' (film), a 1964 Danish film *Tine, Iran, a village in Mazandaran Province, Ira ...

is the largest dairy company which has it fabric for Southern Norway located at Hellemyr. Idda Arena is an arena located in Grim district with a little skateboard park outside. The arena is the only ice hall in Southern Norway.

Nature

is a park in Grim district with Grimsmyra. The park was created in 1874 as a suggestion from

Joseph Frantz Oscar Wergeland Joseph Frantz Oscar Wergeland (17 November 1815 – 19 August 1895) was a Norwegian military officer, cartographer and skiing pioneer. Personal life Wergeland was born in Christianssand and grew up at Eidsvold. He was the son of priest and ...

, brother of

Henrik Wergeland Henrik Arnold Thaulow Wergeland (17 June 1808 – 12 July 1845) was a Norwegian writer, most celebrated for his poetry but also a prolific playwright, polemicist, historian, and linguist. He is often described as a leading pioneer in the develop ...

. Today the park has fountains, creeks, and a cafe named "The General". There is also statues there. Ravnedalen has some of the largest trees in Norway. The park also have a large outdoor scene.

Baneheia Baneheia is a recreational area in the municipality of Kristiansand in Agder county, Norway. The park is mostly known at the national level from the Baneheia case as the scene of a notorious murder of two girls ages 8 and 10 that took place in 20 ...

is next to Ravnedalen and there is a trail you can follow to get there. Eigevann is a lake between Hellemyr and Tinnheia. The lake has a little beach and trails to

at Tinnheia where it meets another trail to Solkollen at Hellemyr. Dueknipden is a lookout point at Tinnheia. The view is of downtown Kristiansand, Kvadraturen, and the ocean. There is also a lake there and trails. The river Otra runs through the

Torridal Torridal is a V-shaped valley in Agder county, Norway. The valley passes through portions of the municipalities of Kristiansand and Vennesla in an area that was historically a part of the former Oddernes municipality. Today it includes areas north ...

valley where Strai and Mosby are located.

Education

Grim has two elementary schools, Solhomen and Krossen elementary. Grim is located with one junior high, Grim School which is for students in the entire Grim district. The closest high schools are at Kvadraturen.

Religion

There are three

Protestant Protestantism is a Christian denomination, branch of Christianity that follows the theological tenets of the Reformation, Protestant Reformation, a movement that began seeking to reform the Catholic Church from within in the 16th century agai ...

churches in the borough and one

Orthodox Orthodox, Orthodoxy, or Orthodoxism may refer to: Religion * Orthodoxy, adherence to accepted norms, more specifically adherence to creeds, especially within Christianity and Judaism, but also less commonly in non-Abrahamic religions like Neo-pag ...

church. The Protestant churches are located at Vestheiene at Hellemyr, one with

and one in Strai called

Torridal Church Torridal Church ( no, Torridal kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Kristiansand Municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the village of Aukland, just south of the village of Mosby and just north of the village of S ...

. The orthodox church is located at Tinnheia.

Grim Church Grim Church ( no, Grim kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Kristiansand Municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the borough of Grim in the city of Kristiansand, just northwest of the city centre. It is the church ...

was finished in 1969 and is made out of concrete, the church has seating capacity of 750 people and is the largest church in the borough. Grim is the Protestant church for the district Grim and the district Tinnheia. Hellemyr Church was built in 1988 also of concrete and has a seating capacity of 220 people. The church is located at Vestheiene which is a small centrum for the district Hellemyr. Torridal Church is the church for the districts Strai and Mosby and is located in Strai. The church was finished in 1978 and is built out of expanded clay aggregate. Grim and Tinnheia is its own parish in the

Diocese of Agder og Telemark The Diocese of Agder og Telemark ( no, Agder og Telemark bispedømme) is a diocese of the Church of Norway, covering all of Agder county and most of Vestfold og Telemark county in Norway. The cathedral city is Kristiansand, Norway's fifth larges ...

. In 1997, Hellemyr became its own parish.

Transportation

Road

The two main roads in the area is

European route E39 European route E39 is the designation of a north–south road in Norway and Denmark from Klett, just south of Trondheim, to Aalborg via Bergen, Stavanger and Kristiansand. In total, there are nine ferries, more than any other single road in Eu ...

and Norwegian National Road 9. E39 starts with Bellevue and goes in tunnel under Hannevika which is called Hanneviktunnelen. The most traffical stretch in Kristiansand starts with Hanneviktunnelen. There is an exit of the highway to Hannevika and Tinnheia. The road splits and E39 goes towards Hellemyr and has an exit for

Slettheia Slettheia is a district in the borough Vågsbygd in the city of Kristiansand in Agder county, Norway. The population was about 4,000 in 2014. It is the most populated immigrant settlement in Kristiansand. The district was the childhood home for Cr ...

and again Tinnheia, then twice Hellemyr. E39 leads out to Songdalen. Norwegian National Road 9, shortened Rv9, starts with Garnterløkka roundabout and goes past the Christianssands Brewery and Grimsmyra. Rv9 passes Grim torv and goes through the neighborhoods Klappane, Krossen, Dalane, Bymoen before it goes through Strai and Mosby. The road is the main road for these three districts and leads past Høietun before it leads into Vennesla municipality.

Bus

The main public transport is bus; bus lines 15 Tinnheia-Kvadraturen, 32 Høietun-Kvadraturen and 30 Vennesla-Kristiansand go through Grim, while 13 Grimsyra-

and 19 Suldalen-UiA cover most of Grim and end there. The railroad into Kristiansand is built through Grim; it is the only way in for trains, but the closest stop is Kristiansand Station, the main train station for the city.

Train

The railroad goes through Grim from Songdalen next to Hellemyr and Norwegian National Road 9 before entering Kristiansand Station. The railroad eastbound continues through entire Grim to Vennesla Station. There are no stops between. The

Setesdal Line , logo = , logo_width = , logo_alt = , image = , image_name = , image_width = , image_alt = , caption = Veteran train on the Setesdal Line, 23 July ...

, which operated from 1891 to 1988, started at Grimsbroen where Norwegian National 9 goes today. The line had stops at Mosby and Aukland in Strai in the borough. Both stations closed down in 1991 and was a part of the Setesdal Line and Sørlandet Line.

Photos

File:Artillerivollen Grim.JPG, Artillerivollen File:Grimsvollen.jpg, Grimsvollen File:CB-Bryggeri-1.jpg, Christianssands Brewery File:Riksvei-9.jpg, Christianssands Brewery File:Ravnedalen3.jpg, Small lake in

File:Ravnedalen.jpg, Cafe Generalen in Ravnedalen File:GeneralWergeland.jpg, General Wergeland in Ravnedalen File:Grim Torv1.jpg, Grim torv is Grims little centrum File:Grim Torv2.jpg, Grim torv File:Grim.torv.jpg, Grim torv File:Grim Torv.jpg, Bakery and pharmacy at Grim torv File:Grim torv at night.jpg, Grim torv at night File:Grim kirke II.jpg, The front side

File:Idda.jpg, Idda arena File:Grim-2.jpg, Krossen and Suldalen seen from

File:Krossen.jpg, Parking lot with Elisenhøy File:Krossen-2.jpg, Krossen File:Suldalen-3.jpg, Krossen File:Krossen1.jpg, Krossen File:Grim and Tinnheia.jpg, Møllevann with Tinnheia in the background File:Suldalen-4.jpg, Suldalen File:Suldalen1.jpg, Suldalen seen form Krossen File:Hannevika Kristiansand.jpg, Tinnheia seen from Hannevika File:Hannevika.jpg, Hannevika seen from Tinnheia File:Tinnheia apartments.jpg, Apartments at Kolsberg in Tinnheia File:Messingveien-1.jpg, Tinnheitoppen File:Koboltveien-3.jpg, Koboltveien File:Tinnheia-10.jpg, Welcome sign at Tinnheia File:Tinnheia-23.jpg, View from Tinnheia to

File:Tinnheia-22.jpg, Kolsåsen File:Tinnheia torv.jpg, Tinnheia torv is a little centrum at Tinnheia File:Tinnheia-torv-1.jpg, Tinnheia torv File:Tinnheia-torv-4.jpg, Welcome sign at Tinnheia torv File:Karljohanmemorialschool.jpg, Karl Johan Memorial School at Tinnheia File:Grim-20.jpg, Tinnheia File:Eigevann1.jpg, Eigevann is a lake between Tinnheia and Hellemyr File:Hellemyr kirke2.JPG,

File:Fjellro2.jpg, Fjellrotjønn File:Fjellro1.jpg, Fjellrotjønn with Slettheia File:Skomagergada.jpg, Skomagergada at Vestheiene in Hellemyr File:Torridal kirke.JPG,

in Strai File:Mosby stasjon.jpg, Mosby Station File:Mosby overview.JPG, Aerial photo of Mosby File:Høietun.jpg, Høietun

References

{{authority control Geography of Kristiansand Boroughs of Kristiansand