Substitution may refer to:

Arts and media

Chord substitution In music theory, chord substitution is the technique of using a chord in place of another in a progression of chords, or a chord progression. Much of the European classical repertoire and the vast majority of blues, jazz and rock music songs a ...

, in music, swapping one chord for a related one within a chord progression * Substitution (poetry), a variation in poetic scansion * "Substitution" (song), a 2009 song by Silversun Pickups * Substitution (theatre), an acting methodology *

Tritone substitution The tritone substitution is a common chord substitution found in both jazz and classical music. Where jazz is concerned, it was the precursor to more complex substitution patterns like Coltrane changes. Tritone substitutions are sometimes used i ...

, in music, reinterpreting a chord via a new root note located an augmented fourth or diminished fifth distant from the root of the original interpretation

Science and mathematics

Biology and chemistry

Base-pair substitution A point mutation is a genetic mutation where a single nucleotide base is changed, inserted or deleted from a DNA or RNA sequence of an organism's genome. Point mutations have a variety of effects on the downstream protein product—consequence ...

or point mutation, a type of mutation *

Substitution reaction A substitution reaction (also known as single displacement reaction or single substitution reaction) is a chemical reaction during which one functional group in a chemical compound is replaced by another functional group. Substitution reactions ar ...

, where a functional group in a chemical compound is replaced by another group *Substitution, a process in which an allele arises and undergoes fixation

Mathematics and computing

Substitution (algebra) In algebra, the operation of substitution can be applied in various contexts involving formal objects containing symbols (often called variables or indeterminates); the operation consists of systematically replacing occurrences of some symbol b ...

, replacing occurrences of some symbol by a given value *

Substitution (logic) Substitution is a fundamental concept in logic. A substitution is a syntactic transformation on formal expressions. To apply a substitution to an expression means to consistently replace its variable, or placeholder, symbols by other expressions. ...

, a syntactic transformation on strings of symbols of a formal language *

String substitution In computer science, in the area of formal language theory, frequent use is made of a variety of string functions; however, the notation used is different from that used for computer programming, and some commonly used functions in the theoretical ...

, a mapping of letters in an alphabet to languages *

Substitution cipher In cryptography, a substitution cipher is a method of encrypting in which units of plaintext are replaced with the ciphertext, in a defined manner, with the help of a key; the "units" may be single letters (the most common), pairs of letters, tri ...

, a method of encryption *

Integration by substitution In calculus, integration by substitution, also known as ''u''-substitution, reverse chain rule or change of variables, is a method for evaluating integrals and antiderivatives. It is the counterpart to the chain rule for differentiation, and can ...

, a method for finding antiderivatives and integrals

Other uses in science

* Substitution (economics), switching between alternative consumable goods as their relative prices change *

Attribute substitution Attribute substitution is a psychological process thought to underlie a number of cognitive biases and perceptual illusions. It occurs when an individual has to make a judgment (of a ''target attribute'') that is computationally complex, and inst ...

, a psychological process thought to underlie a number of cognitive biases and perceptual illusions * Substitution method, a method of measuring the transmission loss of an optical fiber

Other uses

* Substitution (law), the replacement of a judge *

Substitution (sport) In team sports, substitution (or interchange) is replacing one player with another during a match. Substitute players that are not in the starting lineup (also known as bench players, backups, interchange, or reserves) reside on the bench and ar ...

, where a sports team is able to change one player for another during a match

Within Wikipedia

* Help:Substitution, help performing substitution on Wikipedia pages * Special:ExpandTemplates, page that shows what will result from substitution * Wikipedia:Substitution, where, when, how, and what about using substitution on Wikipedia