The House of Stuart, originally spelt Stewart, was a

royal house A dynasty is a sequence of rulers from the same family,''Oxford English Dictionary'', "dynasty, ''n''." Oxford University Press (Oxford), 1897. usually in the context of a monarchy, monarchical system, but sometimes also appearing in repu ...

of Scotland, England, Ireland and later Great Britain. The family name comes from the office of High Steward of Scotland, which had been held by the family progenitor Walter fitz Alan (c. 1150). The name Stewart and variations had become established as a family name by the time of his grandson Walter Stewart. The first monarch of the Stewart line was Robert II, whose male-line descendants were kings and queens in Scotland from 1371, and of England and Great Britain from 1603, until 1714. Mary, Queen of Scots, was brought up in France where she adopted the French spelling of the name Stuart. In 1503,

James IV James IV (17 March 1473 – 9 September 1513) was King of Scotland from 11 June 1488 until his death at the Battle of Flodden in 1513. He inherited the throne at the age of fifteen on the death of his father, James III, at the Battle of Sauchi ...

married Margaret Tudor, thus linking the royal houses of Scotland and England. Elizabeth I of England died without issue in 1603, and James IV's great-grandson (and Mary's only son)

James VI of Scotland James VI and I (James Charles Stuart; 19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625) was King of Scotland as James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and Ireland as James I from the union of the Scottish and English crowns on 24 March 1603 until hi ...

succeeded to the thrones of England and Ireland as James I in the Union of the Crowns. The Stuarts were monarchs of Britain and Ireland and its growing empire until the death of Queen Anne in 1714, except for the period of the Commonwealth between 1649 and 1660. In total, nine Stewart/Stuart monarchs ruled Scotland alone from 1371 until 1603, the last of whom was James VI, before his accession in England. Two Stuart queens ruled the isles following the

Glorious Revolution The Glorious Revolution; gd, Rèabhlaid Ghlòrmhor; cy, Chwyldro Gogoneddus , also known as the ''Glorieuze Overtocht'' or ''Glorious Crossing'' in the Netherlands, is the sequence of events leading to the deposition of King James II and ...

in 1688:

Mary II Mary II (30 April 166228 December 1694) was Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland, co-reigning with her husband, William III & II, from 1689 until her death in 1694. Mary was the eldest daughter of James, Duke of York, and his first wife ...

and Anne. Both were the Protestant daughters of James VII and II by his first wife Anne Hyde and the great-grandchildren of James VI and I. Their father had converted to Catholicism and his new wife gave birth to a son in 1688, who was to be brought up as a Roman Catholic; so James was deposed by Parliament in 1689, in favour of his daughters. However, neither daughter had any children who survived to adulthood, so the crown passed to the House of Hanover on the death of Queen Anne in 1714 under the terms of the

Act of Settlement 1701 The Act of Settlement is an Act of the Parliament of England that settled the succession to the English and Irish crowns to only Protestants, which passed in 1701. More specifically, anyone who became a Roman Catholic, or who married one, bec ...

and the Act of Security 1704. After the loss of the throne, the descendants of James VII and II came to be known as the

Jacobites Jacobite means follower of Jacob or James. Jacobite may refer to: Religion * Jacobites, followers of Saint Jacob Baradaeus (died 578). Churches in the Jacobite tradition and sometimes called Jacobite include: ** Syriac Orthodox Church, sometimes ...

and continued for several generations to attempt to reclaim the Scottish and English (and later British) throne as the rightful heirs, though since the early 19th century there have been no more active claimants from the Stuart family. The current Jacobite heir to the claims of the historical Stuart monarchs is

Franz, Duke of Bavaria Franz Bonaventura Adalbert Maria Herzog von Bayern (born 14 July 1933), commonly known by the courtesy title Duke of Bavaria, is the head of the House of Wittelsbach, the former ruling family of the Kingdom of Bavaria. His great-grandfather Ki ...

, of the

House of Wittelsbach The House of Wittelsbach () is a German dynasty, with branches that have ruled over territories including Bavaria, the Palatinate, Holland and Zeeland, Sweden (with Finland), Denmark, Norway, Hungary (with Romania), Bohemia, the Electorate ...

. The senior living member of the royal Stewart family, descended in a legitimate male line from Robert II of Scotland, is

Arthur Stuart, 8th Earl Castle Stewart Arthur Patrick Avondale Stuart, 8th Earl Castle Stewart (born 18 August 1928), styled Viscount Stuart from 1944 to 1961, is a nobleman in the Peerage of Ireland. The third son of Arthur Stuart, 7th Earl Castle Stewart and his wife Eleanor May Gug ...

Background

The ancestral origins of the Stuart family are obscure—their probable ancestry is traced back to

Alan FitzFlaad Alan fitz Flaad (c. 1078 – after 1121) was a Breton knight, probably recruited as a mercenary by Henry I of England in his conflicts with his brothers. After Henry became King of England, Alan became an assiduous courtier and obtained large es ...

, a

Breton Breton most often refers to: *anything associated with Brittany, and generally ** Breton people ** Breton language, a Southwestern Brittonic Celtic language of the Indo-European language family, spoken in Brittany ** Breton (horse), a breed **Ga ...

who went to England not long after the Norman conquest. Retrieved on 13 November 2008. Alan had been the hereditary steward of the

Bishop of Dol The Breton and French Catholic diocese of Dol existed from 848 to the French Revolution. It was suppressed by the Concordat of 1801. Its see was Dol Cathedral. Its scattered territory (deriving from the holdings of the Celtic monastery, and inclu ...

in the Duchy of Brittany;Bartlett, ''England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings, 1075–1225'', 544. Alan had a good relationship with

Henry I of England Henry I (c. 1068 – 1 December 1135), also known as Henry Beauclerc, was King of England from 1100 to his death in 1135. He was the fourth son of William the Conqueror and was educated in Latin and the liberal arts. On William's death in ...

who awarded him with lands in Shropshire. The FitzAlan family quickly established themselves as a prominent

Anglo-Norman Anglo-Norman may refer to: *Anglo-Normans, the medieval ruling class in England following the Norman conquest of 1066 *Anglo-Norman language **Anglo-Norman literature *Anglo-Norman England, or Norman England, the period in English history from 1066 ...

noble house, with some of its members serving as High Sheriff of Shropshire. It was the son of Alan named Walter FitzAlan who became the first hereditary High Steward of Scotland, while his brother William's family went on to become Earls of Arundel. When the civil war in the Kingdom of England, known as

The Anarchy The Anarchy was a civil war in England and Normandy between 1138 and 1153, which resulted in a widespread breakdown in law and order. The conflict was a war of succession precipitated by the accidental death of William Adelin, the only legiti ...

, broke out between the legitimist claimant Matilda, Lady of the English, and her cousin who had usurped her, King Stephen, Walter had sided with Matilda.King, '' The Anarchy of King Stephen's Reign'', 249. Another supporter of Matilda was her uncle David I of Scotland from the House of Dunkeld. After Matilda was pushed out of England into the

County of Anjou The County of Anjou (, ; ; la, Andegavia) was a small French county that was the predecessor to the better-known Duchy of Anjou. Its capital was Angers, and its area was roughly co-extensive with the diocese of Angers. Anjou was bordered by Brit ...

, essentially failing in her legitimist attempt for the throne, many of her supporters in England fled also. It was then that Walter followed David up to the Kingdom of Scotland, where he was granted lands in Renfrewshire and the title for life of Lord High Steward. The next monarch of Scotland, Malcolm IV, made the High Steward title a hereditary arrangement. While High Stewards, the family were based at Dundonald, South Ayrshire, between the 12th and 13th centuries.

History

The sixth High Steward of Scotland, Walter Stewart (1293–1326), married

Marjorie Marjorie is a female given name derived from Margaret, which means pearl. It can also be spelled as Margery or Marjory. Marjorie is a medieval variant of Margery, influenced by the name of the herb marjoram. It came into English from the Old Fre ...

, daughter of Robert the Bruce, and also played an important part in the

Battle of Bannockburn The Battle of Bannockburn ( gd, Blàr Allt nam Bànag or ) fought on June 23–24, 1314, was a victory of the army of King of Scots Robert the Bruce over the army of King Edward II of England in the First War of Scottish Independence. It was ...

gaining further favour. Their son Robert was heir to the House of Bruce, the Lordship of Cunningham and the Bruce lands of

Bourtreehill Bourtreehill is a large housing estate built by the Irvine Development Corporation (IDC) in the late 1970s which forms part of the Irvine New Town in North Ayrshire, Scotland. The estate has two main parts, known as Bourtreehill North and Bour ...

; he eventually inherited the Scottish throne when his uncle David II died childless in 1371. In 1503,

attempted to secure peace with England by marrying

King Henry VII Henry VII (28 January 1457 – 21 April 1509) was King of England and Lord of Ireland from his seizure of the crown on 22 August 1485 until his death in 1509. He was the first monarch of the House of Tudor. Henry's mother, Margaret Beaufo ...

's daughter, Margaret Tudor. The birth of their son, later

James V James V (10 April 1512 – 14 December 1542) was King of Scotland from 9 September 1513 until his death in 1542. He was crowned on 21 September 1513 at the age of seventeen months. James was the son of King James IV and Margaret Tudor, and duri ...

, brought the House of Stewart into the line of descent of the

House of Tudor The House of Tudor was a royal house of largely Welsh and English origin that held the English throne from 1485 to 1603. They descended from the Tudors of Penmynydd and Catherine of France. Tudor monarchs ruled the Kingdom of England and it ...

, and the English throne. Margaret Tudor later married Archibald Douglas, 6th Earl of Angus, and their daughter,

Margaret Douglas Margaret Douglas, Countess of Lennox (8 October 1515 – 7 March 1578), was the daughter of the Scottish queen dowager Margaret Tudor and her second husband Archibald Douglas, 6th Earl of Angus. In her youth she was high in the favour of her unc ...

, was the mother of Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley. In 1565, Darnley married his half-cousin Mary, Queen of Scots, the daughter of

. Darnley's father was Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox, a member of the

Stewart of Darnley Stewart of Darnley, also known as the Lennox Stewarts, were a notable Scots family, a branch of the Clan Stewart, who provided the English Stuart monarchs with their male-line Stuart descent, after the reunion of their branch with the royal Sco ...

branch of the House. Lennox was a descendant of Alexander Stewart, 4th High Steward of Scotland, also descended from

James II James II may refer to: * James II of Avesnes (died c. 1205), knight of the Fourth Crusade * James II of Majorca (died 1311), Lord of Montpellier * James II of Aragon (1267–1327), King of Sicily * James II, Count of La Marche (1370–1438), King C ...

, being Mary's heir presumptive. Thus Darnley was also related to Mary on his father's side and because of this connection, Mary's heirs remained part of the House of Stuart. Following John Stewart of Darnley's ennoblement for his part at the

Battle of Baugé The Battle of Baugé, fought between the English and a Franco- Scots army on 22 March 1421 at Baugé, France, east of Angers, was a major defeat for the English in the Hundred Years' War. The English army was led by the king's brother Thomas, ...

in 1421 and the grant of lands to him at Aubigny and Concressault, the Darnley Stewarts' surname was gallicised to ''Stuart''. Both Mary, Queen of Scots, and Lord Darnley had strong claims on the English throne through their mutual grandmother Margaret Tudor. This eventually led to the accession of the couple's only child

James James is a common English language surname and given name: *James (name), the typically masculine first name James * James (surname), various people with the last name James James or James City may also refer to: People * King James (disambiguat ...

as King of Scotland, England, and Ireland in 1603. However, this was a personal union, as the three Kingdoms shared a monarch, but had separate governments, churches, and institutions. Indeed, the personal union did not prevent an armed conflict, known as the

Bishops' Wars The 1639 and 1640 Bishops' Wars () were the first of the conflicts known collectively as the 1639 to 1653 Wars of the Three Kingdoms, which took place in Scotland, England and Ireland. Others include the Irish Confederate Wars, the First and ...

, breaking out between England and Scotland in 1639. This was to become part of the cycle of political and military conflict that marked the reign of Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland, culminating in a series of conflicts known as the War of the Three Kingdoms. The trial and execution of Charles I by the English Parliament in 1649 began 11 years of republican government known as the

English Interregnum The Interregnum was the period between the execution of Charles I on 30 January 1649 and the arrival of his son Charles II in London on 29 May 1660 which marked the start of the Restoration. During the Interregnum, England was under various forms ...

. Scotland initially recognised the late King's son, also called

Charles Charles is a masculine given name predominantly found in English language, English and French language, French speaking countries. It is from the French form ''Charles'' of the Proto-Germanic, Proto-Germanic name (in runic alphabet) or ''*k ...

, as their monarch, before being subjugated and forced to enter Cromwell's Commonwealth by General Monck's occupying army. During this period, the principal members of the House of Stuart lived in exile in mainland Europe. The younger Charles returned to Britain to assume his three thrones in 1660 as "

Charles II of England Charles II (29 May 1630 – 6 February 1685) was King of Scotland from 1649 until 1651, and King of England, Scotland and Ireland from the 1660 Restoration of the monarchy until his death in 1685. Charles II was the eldest surviving child of ...

, Scotland and Ireland" - with the support of General Monck - but dated his reign from his father's death eleven years before. In feudal and dynastic terms, the Scottish reliance on French support was revived during the reign of Charles II, whose own mother was French. His sister Henrietta married into the French royal family. Charles II left no legitimate children, but his numerous illegitimate descendants included the

Dukes of Buccleuch Duke of Buccleuch (pronounced ), formerly also spelt Duke of Buccleugh, is a title in the Peerage of Scotland created twice on 20 April 1663, first for James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth and second suo jure for his wife Anne Scott, 4th Count ...

, the Dukes of Grafton, the Dukes of Saint Albans and the

Dukes of Richmond Duke of Richmond is a title in the Peerage of England that has been created four times in British history. It has been held by members of the royal Tudor and Stuart families. The current dukedom of Richmond was created in 1675 for Charles ...

. These French and Roman Catholic connections proved unpopular and resulted in the downfall of the Stuarts, whose mutual enemies identified with Protestantism and because James VII and II offended the Anglican establishment by proposing tolerance not only for Catholics but for Protestant Dissenters. The

caused the overthrow of King James in favour of his son-in-law and his daughter, William and Mary. James continued to claim the thrones of England and Scotland to which he had been crowned, and encouraged

revolts In political science, a revolution (Latin: ''revolutio'', "a turn around") is a fundamental and relatively sudden change in political power and political organization which occurs when the population revolts against the government, typically due ...

in his name, and his grandson

(also known as Bonnie Prince Charlie) led an ultimately unsuccessful rising in 1745, ironically becoming symbols of conservative

rebellion Rebellion, uprising, or insurrection is a refusal of obedience or order. It refers to the open resistance against the orders of an established authority. A rebellion originates from a sentiment of indignation and disapproval of a situation and ...

and Romanticism. Some blame the identification of the Roman Catholic Church with the Stuarts for the extremely lengthy delay in the passage of Catholic emancipation until Jacobitism (as represented by direct Stuart heirs) was extinguished; however it was as likely to be caused by entrenched anti-Catholic prejudice among the Anglican establishment of England. Despite the Whig intentions of tolerance to be extended to Irish subjects, this was not the preference of Georgian Tories and their failure at compromise played a subsequent role in the present division of Ireland.

Present day

The Royal House of Stuart became extinct with the death of Cardinal Henry Benedict Stuart, brother of

Charles Edward Stuart Charles Edward Louis John Sylvester Maria Casimir Stuart (20 December 1720 – 30 January 1788) was the elder son of James Francis Edward Stuart, grandson of James II and VII, and the Stuart claimant to the thrones of England, Scotland and ...

, in 1807. Duke Francis of Bavaria is the current senior heir. However, Charles II had a number of illegitimate sons whose surviving descendants in the male line include

Charles Gordon-Lennox, 11th Duke of Richmond Charles Henry Gordon-Lennox, 11th Duke of Richmond, 11th Duke of Lennox, 11th Duke of Aubigny, 6th Duke of Gordon DL (born 8 January 1955), styled Lord Settrington until 1989 and then Earl of March and Kinrara until 2017, is a British aristoc ...

;

Henry FitzRoy, 12th Duke of Grafton Henry Oliver Charles FitzRoy, 12th Duke of Grafton (born 6 April 1978), known as Harry Grafton, is an English peer and music promoter. He inherited the Dukedom of Grafton from his grandfather, Hugh FitzRoy, 11th Duke of Grafton, on 7 April 201 ...

; Murray Beauclerk, 14th Duke of St Albans; and Richard Scott, 10th Duke of Buccleuch. In addition, James II's illegitimate son, James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick, founded the House of FitzJames comprising two branches, one in France and one in Spain. The last of the French branch died in 1967; the senior heir of James II's male-line descendants is Jacobo Hernando Fitz-James Stuart, 20th Duke of Peñaranda de Duero.

List of monarchs

Monarchs of Scotland

Monarchs of England, Scotland and Ireland

From the

Acts of Union 1707 The Acts of Union ( gd, Achd an Aonaidh) were two Acts of Parliament: the Union with Scotland Act 1706 passed by the Parliament of England, and the Union with England Act 1707 passed by the Parliament of Scotland. They put into effect the te ...

, which came into effect on 1 May 1707, the last Stuart monarch, Anne, became Queen of Great Britain and Ireland.

Family tree

Round provided a family tree to embody his essential findings, which is adapted below.

Origin

Alan fitz Flaad Alan fitz Flaad (c. 1078 – after 1121) was a Breton knight, probably recruited as a mercenary by Henry I of England in his conflicts with his brothers. After Henry became King of England, Alan became an assiduous courtier and obtained large es ...

** William FitzAlan, Lord of Oswestry *** William Fitz Alan, 1st Lord of Oswestry and Clun ****

William Fitz Alan, 2nd Lord of Oswestry and Clun William Fitz Alan was a Norman nobleman who lived in Oswestry and Clun near Shrewsbury, along the medieval Welsh Marches. William was the son of William Fitz Allan, controlling the castles of Clun and Oswestry and later became the High Sheri ...

**** John Fitzalan, Lord of Oswestry ***** John FitzAlan, 6th Earl of Arundel ****** ''House of FitzAlan'' ** Jordan fitz Alan, Seneschal of Dol ** Walter fitz Alan, 1st High Steward of Scotland ***

Alan fitz Walter, 2nd High Steward of Scotland Alan fitz Walter (1140 – 1204) was hereditary High Steward of Scotland and a crusader. Life Alan was the son and heir of Walter fitz Alan, by his spouse Eschina, who was possibly a member of a family from the south of Scotland. From 1178, ...

**** Walter Stewart, 3rd High Steward of Scotland ***** Alexander Stewart, 4th High Steward of Scotland ****** James Stewart, 5th High Steward of Scotland *******

Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland Walter Stewart (G. W. S. Barrow, ‘Stewart family (per. c.1110–c.1350)’, ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, 2004.9 April 1327) was the 6th Hereditary High Steward of Scotland and was the father of King Rob ...

******** Robert II of Scotland ******** John Stewart of Ralston ****** John Stewart of Bonkyll *******

Alexander Stewart of Bonkyll Alexander Stewart of Bonkyll (c.1271 – 1319) was a Scottish nobleman. He was the eldest son of Sir John Stewart (d. 1298), and the father of John Stewart, 1st Earl of Angus. Family Alexander was the first cousin of Walter the Steward, father ...

******** ''

Earls of Angus The Mormaer or Earl of Angus was the ruler of the medieval Scottish province of Angus. The title, in the Peerage of Scotland, is held by the Duke of Hamilton, and is used as a courtesy title for the eldest son of the Duke's eldest son. Hist ...

'' (extinct 1361) *******

Alan Stewart of Dreghorn Sir Alan Stewart of Dreghorn (died 19 July 1333) was a Scottish nobleman. Life The son of Sir John Stewart (d. 1298) and his wife Margaret de Bonkyll, Sir Alan was a Scottish knight who fought for Robert the Bruce during the First War of Scottish ...

******** ''

'' ********* ''

Earls of Lennox The Earl or Mormaer of Lennox was the ruler of the region of the Lennox in western Scotland. It was first created in the 12th century for David of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon and later held by the Stewart dynasty. Ancient earls The first earl ...

'' ********* ''Stewart of Garlies'' ********** '' Earls of Galloway'' ********** ''Stewart of Burray'' ********** ''Stewart of Physgill (Phisgal)'' ********** ''Stewart of Minto'' *********** ''

Lords Blantyre Lord Blantyre was a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created in 1606 for the politician Walter Stewart. The lordship was named for Blantyre Priory in Lanarkshire, where Walter Stewart had been commendator. The main residences associated w ...

'' ********** ''Stewart of Tongrie'' ********** ''Stewart of Barclye'' ******* Walter Stewart of Garlies and Dalswinton ******** John Stewart of Dalswinton ********* Walter Stewart of Garlies and Dalswinton ******* James Stewart of Pearston ******** ''Stewart of Pearston'' ********* ''Stewart of Lorn'' ********** '' Clan Stewart of Appin'' ********* ''

Earls of Atholl The Mormaer or Earl of Atholl was the title of the holder of a medieval comital lordship straddling the highland province of Atholl (''Ath Fodhla''), now in northern Perthshire. Atholl is a special Mormaerdom, because a King of Atholl is repor ...

'' ********* ''

Earls of Buchan The Mormaer () or Earl of Buchan () was originally the provincial ruler of the medieval province of Buchan. Buchan was the first Mormaerdom in the High Medieval Kingdom of the Scots to pass into the hands of a non-Scottish family in the male ...

'' ********** ''

Earls of Traquair Earl of Traquair (pronounced "Tra-''quare''") was a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created in 1633 for John Stewart, Lord Stewart of Traquair. The family seat was Traquair House. Stewart had been created Lord Stewart of Traquair in ...

'' (illegitimate) ******* John Stewart of Daldon ******* Robert Stewart of Daldowie ***** Walter Bailloch ****** ''

Earls of Menteith The Mormaer or Earl of Menteith was the ruler of the province of Menteith in the Middle Ages. The first mormaer is usually regarded as Gille Críst (or Gilchrist), simply because he is the earliest on record. The title was held in a continuous ...

'' ***** Robert Stewart, Lord of Darnley **

Simon fitz Alan Simon ( fl. 1162 ×1163) was a twelfth-century Anglo-Norman. Uncertain parentage Simon may have been a son of Avelina de Hesdin and her second husband, Robert fitz Walter. As such, Simon seems to have been a uterine brother of Avelina's sons by ...

*** '' Clan Boyd''

House of Stewart

* Robert II of Scotland ** Robert III of Scotland *** David Stewart, Duke of Rothesay *** James I of Scotland ****

Alexander Stewart, Duke of Rothesay Alexander Stewart, Duke of Rothesay (16 October 1430 – 16 October 1430) was the eldest of a pair of twins. He died in infancy, and his younger twin brother became James II of Scotland. The twins were born in Holyrood Palace, Edinburgh. The ...

****

James II of Scotland James II (16 October 1430 – 3 August 1460) was King of Scots from 1437 until his death in 1460. The eldest surviving son of James I of Scotland, he succeeded to the Scottish throne at the age of six, following the assassination of his father. ...

***** James III of Scotland ******

James IV of Scotland James IV (17 March 1473 – 9 September 1513) was King of Scotland from 11 June 1488 until his death at the Battle of Flodden in 1513. He inherited the throne at the age of fifteen on the death of his father, James III, at the Battle of Sauchi ...

******* James, Duke of Rothesay ******* Arthur Stewart, Duke of Rothesay ******* James V of Scotland ******** James, Duke of Rothesay ******** Arthur, Duke of Albany ******** Mary, Queen of Scots *******

Alexander Stewart, Duke of Ross Alexander Stewart, Duke of Ross (30 April 1514 – 18 December 1515) was the fourth and last son of King James IV of Scotland and his queen Margaret Tudor. He was born after his father was killed at the Battle of Flodden, during the reign of his ...

****** James Stewart, Duke of Ross ****** John Stewart, Earl of Mar ***** Alexander Stewart, Duke of Albany ****** Alexander Stewart, Bishop of Moray ****** John Stewart, Duke of Albany *****

David Stewart, Earl of Moray David Stewart, Earl of Moray (c. 1455 – before 18 July 1457) was a son of King James II of Scotland. He was created Earl of Moray on 12 February 1456, yet he died aged between one and three, before 18 July 1457. Earls of Moray Year of bi ...

***** John Stewart, Earl of Mar **** Sir John Stewart (illegitimate) ***** ''Stewart of Ballechin'' ** Walter, Lord of Fife **

Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany (c. 1340 – 3 September 1420) was a member of the Scottish royal family who served as regent (at least partially) to three Scottish monarchs ( Robert II, Robert III, and James I). A ruthless politician, Albany w ...

*** Murdoch Stewart, Duke of Albany **** Robert Stewart **** Walter Stewart ***** ''Lords Avandale'' ****** ''Lords Stuart of Ochiltree'' ******* ''Barons Castle Stewart'' ******** '' Earls Castle Stewart'' **** Alasdair Stewart **** James Mor Stewart *****

James "Beag" Stewart James "Beag" Stewart (c1424-1470) of Baldorran was the seventh illegitimate son of James Mor Stewart (known as "James the Fat"), who fled into exile in Ireland when his father Murdoch Stewart, Duke of Albany was executed for treason by James I o ...

(illegitimate) ****** ''

Stewart of Balquhidder Stewart of Balquhidder is a Perthshire branch of the Stewart clan and scions of the royal House of Stewart from an illegitimate branch. They are descended from Sir William Stewart of Baldorran (c.1440 – c.1500), who was the great grandson ...

'' ******* ''Stewart of Ardvorlich'' ******* ''Stewart of Glen Buckie'' ******* ''Stewart of Gartnafuaran'' ******* ''Stewart of Annat'' *** John Stewart, Earl of Buchan *** Robert Stewart, Earl of Ross **

Alexander Stewart, Earl of Buchan Alexander Stewart, Earl of Buchan, Alasdair Mór mac an Rígh, and called the Wolf of Badenoch (1343 – c. 20 July 1405), was the third surviving son of King Robert II of Scotland and youngest by his first wife, Elizabeth Mure of Rowallan. He w ...

, the Wolf of Badenoch *** ''Illegitimate sons'' **** ''Stewart of Atholl'' ** David Stewart, Earl of Strathearn ** Walter Stewart, Earl of Atholl *** Alan Stewart, 4th Earl of Caithness *** David Stewart, Master of Atholl ** John Stewart, Sheriff of Bute (illegitimate) *** '' Clan Stuart of Bute''

House of Stuart

Descended from the Stewarts of Darnley (Stewarts of Lennox) * Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, husband of Mary, Queen of Scots ** James VI and I ***

Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales (19 February 1594 – 6 November 1612), was the eldest son and heir apparent of James VI and I, King of England and Scotland; and his wife Anne of Denmark. His name derives from his grandfathers: Henry Stuar ...

*** Charles I of England ****

*****

James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, 1st Duke of Buccleuch, KG, PC (9 April 1649 – 15 July 1685) was a Dutch-born English nobleman and military officer. Originally called James Crofts or James Fitzroy, he was born in Rotterdam in the Netherlan ...

(illegitimate) ****** ''

'' ***** Charles FitzCharles, 1st Earl of Plymouth (illegitimate) ***** Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Cleveland (illegitimate) ****** '' Dukes of Cleveland'' (extinct 1774) *****

Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton, (28 September 16639 October 1690) was an illegitimate son of King Charles II of England and his mistress Barbara Villiers. A military commander, Henry FitzRoy was appointed colonel of the Grenadier Guards i ...

(illegitimate) ****** '' Dukes of Grafton'' ***** George FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Northumberland (illegitimate) ***** Charles Beauclerk, 1st Duke of St Albans (illegitimate) ****** '' Dukes of St Albans'' ***** Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond (illegitimate) ****** ''

, Lennox and Gordon'' **** James II of England ***** Charles Stuart, Duke of Cambridge *****

James Stuart, Duke of Cambridge James Stuart, Duke of Cambridge KG (12 July 1663 – 20 June 1667) was the second son of the Duke of York (later James II of England) and his first wife, Anne Hyde. In 1664, the infant James became the first Duke of Cambridge and Baron of D ...

*****

Charles Stuart, Duke of Kendal Charles Stuart, Duke of Kendal (4 July 1666 – 22 May 1667) was the third son of James, Duke of York (later James II of England) and his first wife Anne Hyde. Charles was born on 4 July 1666 at St James's Palace. His godparents were his three- ...

***** Edgar, Duke of Cambridge ***** Charles Stuart, Duke of Cambridge ***** James Francis Edward Stuart ******

****** Henry Benedict Stuart ***** James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick (illegitimate) ****** '' House of FitzJames'' ******* '' Dukes of Berwick'' ******* ''

Dukes of Fitz-James Duke of Fitz-James ( French: ''duc de Fitz-James'') was a title of nobility in the peerage of France. It was created by King Louis XIV of France in 1710 for James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick, an illegitimate son of King James II of England. This ...

'' (extinct 1967) ***** Henry FitzJames (illegitimate) **** Henry Stuart, Duke of Gloucester *** Robert Stuart, Duke of Kintyre and Lorne

Notes

References

Sources

* * * *

External links

Official website of the Stewarts of Argyll
{{Authority control Scottish monarchy Medieval royal families . Royal houses of Britain Scoto-Norman families