Stanisław Srokowski (born 29 June 1936 in Hnilcze) is a Polish writer, poet, dramatist,

literary critic Literary criticism (or literary studies) is the study, evaluation, and interpretation of literature. Modern literary criticism is often influenced by literary theory, which is the philosophical discussion of literature's goals and methods. Th ...

, translator, academic teacher and publicist.

Life

He was born on 29 June 1936 in Hnilcze (Ukrainian: Гнильче). In 1945, after the expulsion from the Eastern Borderlands, he and his family settled in

Mieszkowice Mieszkowice (german: Bärwalde in der Neumark; Kashubian: ''Berwôłd'') is a town in Gryfino County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship in western Poland, about east of the Oder river and the border with Germany. It is the administrative seat of th ...

, Western Poland. He graduated from high school in 1955. He was subsequently expelled from the Higher School of Diplomatic Service on the grounds of his church attendance and the refusal to join the Polish United Workers' Party (PZPR), the Communist party which governed the

Polish People's Republic The Polish People's Republic ( pl, Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa, PRL) was a country in Central Europe that existed from 1947 to 1989 as the predecessor of the modern Republic of Poland. With a population of approximately 37.9 million nea ...

. Between 1955 and 1956, he worked as a teacher in Zielin. He made his literary debut in 1958 in

Opole Opole (; german: Oppeln ; szl, Ôpole) ; * Silesian: ** Silesian PLS alphabet: ''Ôpole'' ** Steuer's Silesian alphabet: ''Uopole'' * Silesian German: ''Uppeln'' * Czech: ''Opolí'' * Latin: ''Oppelia'', ''Oppolia'', ''Opulia'' is a city loc ...

. In 1960, he graduated in Polish philology from the University of Opole. In the years 1960–68, he worked as a high school teacher in

Legnica Legnica (Polish: ; german: Liegnitz, szl, Lignica, cz, Lehnice, la, Lignitium) is a city in southwestern Poland, in the central part of Lower Silesia, on the Kaczawa River (left tributary of the Oder) and the Czarna Woda (Kaczawa), Czarna Woda ...

. After the

1968 Polish political crisis The Polish 1968 political crisis, also known in Poland as March 1968, Students' March, or March events ( pl, Marzec 1968; studencki Marzec; wydarzenia marcowe), was a series of major student, intellectual and other protests against the ruling Poli ...

, known as the March events, he was forced to leave his post as a teacher. Between 1970 and 1981, he worked as a journalist of the ''Wiadomości'' magazine. He then worked as press secretary of

Solidarity ''Solidarity'' is an awareness of shared interests, objectives, standards, and sympathies creating a psychological sense of unity of groups or classes. It is based on class collaboration.''Merriam Webster'', http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictio ...

and was also a member of the Fighting Solidarity organization. Between 1990 and 1993, he lectured at the

University of Wrocław , ''Schlesische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Breslau'' (before 1945) , free_label = Specialty programs , free = , colors = Blue , website uni.wroc.pl The University of Wrocław ( pl, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, U ...

. He has been a member of the

Polish Writers' Union The Polish Writers' Union or the Union of Polish Writers ( pl, Związek Literatów Polskich, ZLP) was established at a meeting of Polish writers and activists in Lublin behind the Soviet front line, during the liberation of Poland by the Red Army ...

(ZLP),

Polish Society of Authors and Composers Polish may refer to: * Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe * Polish language * Poles, people from Poland or of Polish descent * Polish chicken *Polish brothers (Mark Polish and Michael Polish, born 1970), American twin screenwr ...

and the Polish Translators' Society. He is known for his short story ''Nienawiść'' (Hatred, 2006) as well as novels ''Ukraiński kochanek'' (Ukrainian Lover, 2008) and ''Zdrada'' (Betrayal, 2009) in which he deals with the subject of the Volhynian Genocide perpetrated by

Ukrainian nationalists Ukrainian nationalism refers to the promotion of the unity of Ukrainians as a people and it also refers to the promotion of the identity of Ukraine as a nation state. The nation building that arose as nationalism grew following the French Revol ...

on the Polish population of

Volhynia Volhynia (also spelled Volynia) ( ; uk, Воли́нь, Volyn' pl, Wołyń, russian: Волы́нь, Volýnʹ, ), is a historic region in Central and Eastern Europe, between south-eastern Poland, south-western Belarus, and western Ukraine. Th ...

in 1943. In 2016, Polish filmmaker

Wojciech Smarzowski Wojciech Smarzowski (born 18 January 1963 in Korczyna, Podkarpackie Voivodeship, Korczyna near Krosno) is a Polish screenwriter and director. He studied filmmaking at the Jagiellonian University and the National Film School in Łódź (1990). His ...

directed an award-winning film ''

'' based on Srokowski's 2006 short story ''Hatred''.

Works

Poetry

*''Ścięte ptaki'', Wydawnictwo Literackie, Kraków 1967 *''Rysy'', Ossolineum, Wrocław 1968 *''Strefa ciszy'' (The Silence Zone), Czytelnik, Warszawa 1968 *''Akty'' (Acts), Wydawnictwo Literackie, 1971 *''Ty'' (You), Czytelnik, 1971 *''Ptaki nocy, ptaki miłości'' (Birds of Night, Birds of Love), Ossolineum, 1978 *''Cztery pory domu'', Ossolineum, 1980 *''Świadectwo urodzenia'' (Birth Certificate), Ossolineum, 1981 *''Zjadanie'', Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy, 1985 *''Miłość i śmierć'' (Love and Death), Światowit Izba Wydawnicza (2005) *''Liryki'', Światowit Izba Wydawnicza (2009)

Novels

*''Przyjść, aby wołać'', Ossolineum, 1976 *''Fatum'', Ossolineum, 1977 *''Lęk'' (Fear), Ossolineum, 1978 (wydanie II, 1988, wydanie III 1997) *''Nieobecny'', Czytelnik, 1978 *''Wtajemniczenie'', Ossolineum 1981 *''Sen Belzebuba'' (Beelzebub's Dream), Ossolineum, 1982 *''Duchy dzieciństwa'' (Ghosts of Childhood), Ludowa Spółdzielnia Wydawnicza, 1985 *''Repatrianci'', Czytelnik, 1988, 1989 *''Chrobaczki'', Ludowa Spółdzielnia Wydawnicza, 1989 *''Płonący motyl'' (The Burning Butterfly), Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy, 1989 *''Ladacznica i chłopcy'', Wydawnictwo Rubikon, 1991 *''Gry miłosne'' (Love Games), Wydawnictwo Zysk i S-ka, 1997 *''Czas diabła'' (Time of the Devil), Wydawnictwo Zysk i S-ka, 1999 *''Anioł Zagłady'' (Angel of Destruction), Wydawnictwo Zysk i S-ka, 2000 *''Ukraiński kochanek'' (Ukrainian Lover), Volume 1 of ''Saga Kresowa'', Wydawnictwo Arcana, 2008 *''Zdrada'' (Betrayal), Volume 2 of ''Saga Kresowa'', Wydawnictwo Arcana, 2009 *''Ślepcy idą do nieba'' (The Blind Go to Heaven), Volume 3 of ''Saga Kresowa'', Arcana, 2011 *''Barbarzyńcy u bram'' (Barbarians at the Gates), Arcana, 2012 *''Spisek barbarzyńców'', 2 Kolory, 2015 *''Barbarzyńcy w salonie'', Arcana 2017

Short stories

*''Walka kogutów'' (Fight of the Roosters), Wydawnictwo „Śląsk", 1981, *''Nienawiść, Prószyński i S-ka'', 2006, *''Strach. Opowiadania kresowe'', Fronda, 2014,

Biography books

*''Skandalista Wojaczek'', Izba Wydawnicza Światowit, 1999

Documentary books

*''Hnilcze'', Izba Wydawnicza Światowit, 2013 *''Życie wśród pisarzy, agentów i intryg'' (Life Among Writers, Agents and Intrigues), Magna Polonia, 2018

Plays

*''Gałązka jaśminu'', ''Aktorka'', ''Cienie'', ''Ściana'', ''Drzwi'', ''Dwoje'', ''Dziadek'' collected in publication ''Drzwi'', Ossolineum, 1979

Screenplay

*''Przeklęta ziemia'' (Cursed Land), directed by Ryszard Czekała, 1988 *Basis for ''

'', directed by

, 2017

Children's books

*''Bajki Ezopa'', Wydawnictwo Volumen, 1991 *''Ośle uszy króla Midasa'', Izba Wydawnicza Światowit, 1992 *''Zające i żaby'' (Hares and Frogs), Wydawnictwo Światowit, 1992 *''Mity greckie'' (Greek Myths), Wydawnictwo Światowit, 1993, 1994, 1995 *''Przygody Odyseusza'', Wydawnictwo Światowit, 1994, 1995 *''Wojna trojańska'' (Trojan War), Wydawnictwo Światowit, 1994 *''Przygody Heraklesa'' (Hercules's Adventures), Wydawnictwo Światowit, 1996

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Srokowski, Stanislaw Living people 1936 births Polish novelists Polish male poets Polish journalists Polish children's writers Writers from Ternopil Oblast