Francesco Squarcione (''c.'' 1395 – after 1468) was an Italian artist from
Padua
Padua ( ; it, Padova ; vec, Pàdova) is a city and ''comune'' in Veneto, northern Italy. Padua is on the river Bacchiglione, west of Venice. It is the capital of the province of Padua. It is also the economic and communications hub of the ...
. His pupils included
Andrea Mantegna
Andrea Mantegna (, , ; September 13, 1506) was an Italian painter, a student of Roman archeology, and son-in-law of Jacopo Bellini.
Like other artists of the time, Mantegna experimented with perspective, e.g. by lowering the horizon in order ...
(with whom he had many legal battles),
Cosimo Tura
Cosimo is the Italian form of the Greek name ''Kosmas'' (latinised as ''Cosmas'').
Cosimo may refer to:
Characters
* Cosimo Piovasco di Rondò, hero of Italo Calvino's 1957 novel ''The Baron in the Trees''
Given name Medici family
* Cosimo d ...
and
Carlo Crivelli
Carlo Crivelli (Venice, c. 1430 – Ascoli Piceno, c. 1495) was an Italian Renaissance painter of conservative Late Gothic decorative sensibility, who spent his early years in the Veneto, where he absorbed influences from the Vivarini ...
. There are only two works signed by him: the ''
Madonna and Child
In art, a Madonna () is a representation of Mary, either alone or with her child Jesus. These images are central icons for both the Catholic and Orthodox churches. The word is (archaic). The Madonna and Child type is very prevalent in ...
'' (now in Berlin) and the
Lazara Altarpiece
The Lazara Altarpiece (Italian - ''Polittico de Lazara'') is a 1449-1452 five-panel tempera on panel altarpiece by Francesco Squarcione, signed by the artist and now in the Musei Civici of Padua. It and his ''Madonna and Child'' are his only ...
(now in Padua).
Biography
Squarcione, whose original vocation was tailoring, appears to have had a remarkable enthusiasm for ancient art, and a faculty for acting. Squarcione was interested in
ancient Rome
In modern historiography, ancient Rome refers to Roman civilisation from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD. It encompasses the Roman Kingdom (753–509 B ...
; he travelled in Italy, and perhaps
Greece
Greece,, or , romanized: ', officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the southern tip of the Balkans, and is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Greece shares land borders with ...
, collecting antique statues, reliefs, vases, and other works of art, forming a collection of such works, making drawings from them himself, and throwing open his stores for others to study from. Based on this collection, he undertook works on commission for which his pupils no less than himself were made available. As many as 137 painters and pictorial students passed through his school, established in 1431 and which became famous all over Italy.
[ 3 December 2016] Squarcione's favorite pupil was Mantegna. Squarcione taught Mantegna the
Latin language
Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through ...
and instructed him to study fragments of Roman
sculpture
Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions. Sculpture is the three-dimensional art work which is physically presented in the dimensions of height, width and depth. It is one of the plastic arts. Durable sc ...
.
Squarcione's ''Polyptych of Lazarus'', originally in the
Carmine
Carmine ()also called cochineal (when it is extracted from the cochineal insect), cochineal extract, crimson lake, or carmine lake is a pigment of a bright-red color obtained from the aluminium complex derived from carminic acid. Specific code n ...
church in Padua, is not on display in the
Museo Civici di Padua
The Musei Civici di Padova or degli Eremitani is a complex of museums and historic sites, centered on the former convent of the Eremitani (Augustinian order), and its famous Cappella degli Scrovegni with its Giotto fresco masterpieces. The compl ...
at the former Eremitani monastery.
Pupils or followers of Squarcione include
Francesco Verla
Francesco Verla (1470- circa 1521) was an Italian painter of the Renaissance period, active in Northern Italy.
Biography
He was born in Villaverla and died in Rovereto. He was a follower of Bartolomeo Montagna, and influenced by Mantegna and Pe ...
,
Pietro Calzetta
Pietro Calzetta ( fl. 1470–1500) was an Italian painter of the Renaissance. He was son-in-law of Montagnana and a pupil of Squarcione. He painted in the chapel of Corpus Christi at the Basilica of Saint Anthony of Padua. In 1470 he restored some ...
, and
Andrea Bellunello
Andrea Bellunello, also known as Andrea di San Vito (1440 – 1506) was an Italian painter active in the early Renaissance period. He was born either in San Vito in the Friuli, or in Belluno. He was active in the Udine and surrounding region o ...
.
References
1390s births
1468 deaths
Painters from Padua
15th-century Italian painters
Italian male painters
Italian antiquarians
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