Spilomelinae is a very species-rich

subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names with "-oideae", and zoologi ...

of the

lepidoptera Lepidoptera ( ) is an order (biology), order of insects that includes butterfly, butterflies and moths (both are called lepidopterans). About 180,000 species of the Lepidoptera are described, in 126 Family (biology), families and 46 Taxonomic r ...

n family

Crambidae The Crambidae are the grass moth family of lepidopterans. They are variable in appearance, the nominal subfamily Crambinae (grass moths) taking up closely folded postures on grass stems where they are inconspicuous, while other subfamilies includ ...

, the crambid snout

moth Moths are a paraphyletic group of insects that includes all members of the order Lepidoptera that are not butterflies, with moths making up the vast majority of the order. There are thought to be approximately 160,000 species of moth, many of w ...

s. With 4,135 described species in 344 genera worldwide, it is the most speciose group among pyraloids.

Description

Imagines – the adult life stage – vary considerably in size: the forewing span ranges from 11.5 mm e.g. in ''

Metasia ''Metasia'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. Species *'' Metasia acharis'' Meyrick, 1889 *'' Metasia achroa'' (Lower, 1903) *'' Metasia albicostalis'' Hampson, 1900 *''Metasia albula ''Metasia albula'' is a moth in the family Cramb ...

'' to 50 mm in the robust-bodied '' Eporidia''. In resting position, the moths exhibit a characteristic triangular shape, with the wings usually folded over the abdomen, the forewings covering the hindwings. Some Spilomelinae diverge from this common resting pattern, like ''

Maruca ''Maruca'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae, commonly known as bean pod borers. Species *'' Maruca amboinalis'' (C. Felder, R. Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875) *'' Maruca fuscalis'' Yamanaka, 1998 *'' Maruca nigroapicalis'' de Joannis, 19 ...

'' with widely spread wings, and ''

Atomopteryx ''Atomopteryx'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae The Crambidae are the grass moth family of lepidopterans. They are variable in appearance, the nominal subfamily Crambinae (grass moths) taking up closely folded postures on grass stem ...

'' and ''

Lineodes ''Lineodes'' is a genus of snout moths of the subfamily Spilomelinae in the family Crambidae. The genus was described by Achille Guenée in 1854, with '' Lineodes hieroglyphalis'' as the type species. The genus is mostly Neotropical and southern ...

'' with narrow wings folded along the body. All Spilomelinae moths have well developed

compound eyes A compound eye is a visual organ found in arthropods such as insects and crustaceans. It may consist of thousands of ommatidia, which are tiny independent photoreception units that consist of a cornea, lens, and photoreceptor cells which distin ...

, antennae and mouthparts, although in the genera ''

Niphopyralis ''Niphopyralis'' is a genus of snout moths of the subfamily Spilomelinae in the family Crambidae. Description Caterpillars The reports on larvae are somewhat divergent, depending on the species and the condition of the larvae (fresh versus a ...

'' and ''

Siga Siga was a Berber and Roman port located near what is now Aïn Témouchent, Algeria. Under the Roman Empire, it was part of western Mauretania Caesariensis, bordering Mauretania Tingitana. History Siga was a major Mediterranean port in the anc ...

'' the proboscis is lost. Synapomorphic characters of the subfamily comprise minute or obsolete maxillary palpi, ventrally projecting

fornix tympani Fornix (plural ''fornices'', Latin for "arch") can refer to: *''Fornix'' or ''throat scale'', a bowed prolongation of the corolla in Boraginaceae (cf.) *Fornix of the brain *Fornix conjunctiva, a part of the Conjunctiva *Fornix vaginae, also called ...

, and the female genitalia's ductus bursae with a weak

sclerotization Sclerotization is a biochemical process that produces the rigid shell of sclerotin that comprises an insect's chitinous exoskeleton. It is prominent in the thicker, armored parts of insects and arachnids, especially in the biting mouthparts and scle ...

or a granulose texture. The moths are furthermore characterized by an often bilobed praecinctorium, pointed

spinula ''Spinula'' is a genus of bivalves. References External links * Bivalve genera Tindariidae {{bivalve-stub ...

, and the absence of

chaetosemata This glossary of entomology describes terms used in the formal study of insect species by entomologists. A–C A synthetic chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticide, toxic to vertebrates. Though i ...

and of a retinacular hook. A gnathos or pseudognathos can be present or absent and is therefore of little

diagnostic Diagnosis is the identification of the nature and cause of a certain phenomenon. Diagnosis is used in many different disciplines, with variations in the use of logic, analytics, and experience, to determine " cause and effect". In systems engine ...

value, except for several genera of

Agroterini Agroterini is a tribe of the species-rich subfamily Spilomelinae in the pyraloid moth family Crambidae. The tribe was erected by Alexandre Noël Charles Acloque in 1897. Genera Agroterini currently contains 30 genera, altogether comprising 433 ...

, where the gnathos has a well-developed medial process.

Food plants

Food plant use is diverse within Spilomelinae, ranging from

fern A fern (Polypodiopsida or Polypodiophyta ) is a member of a group of vascular plants (plants with xylem and phloem) that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers. The polypodiophytes include all living pteridophytes except t ...

s over

gymnosperm The gymnosperms ( lit. revealed seeds) are a group of seed-producing plants that includes conifers, cycads, ''Ginkgo'', and gnetophytes, forming the clade Gymnospermae. The term ''gymnosperm'' comes from the composite word in el, γυμνό� ...

s to a wide spectrum of

angiosperm Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...

s. The larvae of ''

'' live in nests of weaver ants, where they feed on ant larvae.

Steniini Steniini is a Tribe (biology), tribe of the species-rich subfamily Spilomelinae in the Pyraloidea, pyraloid moth Family (biology), family Crambidae. The tribe was erected by Achille Guenée in 1854. Description Adult Steniini are characterised b ...

caterpillars are

detritivore Detritivores (also known as detrivores, detritophages, detritus feeders, or detritus eaters) are heterotrophs that obtain nutrients by consuming detritus (decomposing plant and animal parts as well as feces). There are many kinds of invertebrates, ...

s. Many Spilomelinae tribes have a narrow food spectrum, with the larvae feeding on plants of only one or a few plant families, e.g.

Lineodini Lineodini is a Tribe (biology), tribe of the species-rich subfamily Spilomelinae in the Pyraloidea, snout moth Family (biology), family Crambidae. Description Lineodini comprise medium-sized moths, mostly with moderately broad wings, whereas in ...

Solanaceae The Solanaceae , or nightshades, are a family of flowering plants that ranges from annual and perennial herbs to vines, lianas, epiphytes, shrubs, and trees, and includes a number of agricultural crops, medicinal plants, spices, weeds, and orn ...

, Hydririni primarily on

Sapindaceae The Sapindaceae are a family of flowering plants in the order Sapindales known as the soapberry family. It contains 138 genera and 1858 accepted species. Examples include horse chestnut, maples, ackee and lychee. The Sapindaceae occur in tempera ...

and

Convolvulaceae Convolvulaceae (), commonly called the bindweeds or morning glories, is a family of about 60 genera and more than 1,650 species. These species are primarily herbaceous vines, but also include trees, shrubs and herbs. The tubers of several spec ...

, and Trichaeini on

Rubiaceae The Rubiaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules ...

Economic impact

A number of Spilomelinae are considered "pest species", with their larvae feeding on a variety of economically important crops. Notable representatives are the genera of '' Leucinodes'' and ''

Neoleucinodes ''Neoleucinodes'' is a genus of snout moths of the subfamily Spilomelinae in the family Crambidae. The genus was described by Hahn William Capps in 1948 as a Neotropical The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constit ...

'' with larvae feeding on

, ''

Cnaphalocrocis ''Cnaphalocrocis'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. The genus was described by Julius Lederer in 1863. Species *'' Cnaphalocrocis araealis'' (Hampson, 1912) *'' Cnaphalocrocis bilinealis'' (Hampson, 1891) *'' Cnaphalocrocis brunneofu ...

'' and '' Marasmia'' damaging

Poaceae Poaceae () or Gramineae () is a large and nearly ubiquitous family of monocotyledonous flowering plants commonly known as grasses. It includes the cereal grasses, bamboos and the grasses of natural grassland and species cultivated in lawns an ...

like ''

Oryza ''Oryza'' is a genus of plants in the grass family. It includes the major food crop rice (species ''Oryza sativa'' and ''Oryza glaberrima''). Members of the genus grow as tall, wetland grasses, growing to tall; the genus includes both annual an ...

'', ''

Sorghum ''Sorghum'' () is a genus of about 25 species of flowering plants in the grass family (Poaceae). Some of these species are grown as cereals for human consumption and some in pastures for animals. One species is grown for grain, while many othe ...

'' and '' Zea'', the legume pod borers of the genus ''

'' on

Fabaceae The Fabaceae or Leguminosae,International Code of Nomenc ...

and

Amaranthaceae Amaranthaceae is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the amaranth family, in reference to its type genus ''Amaranthus''. It includes the former goosefoot family Chenopodiaceae and contains about 165 genera and 2,040 species, making it ...

, and '' Spoladea'', who feeds on a variety of different agriculturally important plant families. The box tree moth, ''

Cydalima perspectalis ''Cydalima perspectalis'' or the box tree moth is a species of moth of the family Crambidae, first described by Francis Walker, the English entomologist, in 1859. Native to Japan, China, Taiwan, Korea, far-east Russia and India, it has invade ...

'', whose larvae feed on box trees, a prominent ornamental plant in many parks and gardens, has been accidentally introduced to Europe in the mid-2000s and to North America in 2018.

Systematics

Until the late 1990s, Spilomelinae were included in the subfamily

Pyraustinae Pyraustinae is a large subfamily of the lepidopteran family Crambidae, the crambid snout moths. It currently includes over 1,400 species; most of them tropical but some found in temperate regions including both North America and Europe. The Py ...

tribe The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English language, English is in the discipline of anthropology. This definition is contested, in p ...

Spilomelini. In the past, Spilomelinae were believed to be

polyphyletic A polyphyletic group is an assemblage of organisms or other evolving elements that is of mixed evolutionary origin. The term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as homoplasies, which are explained as a result of converg ...

. However, a recent phylogenetic study by Mally et al. (2019), based on

molecular genetic Molecular genetics is a sub-field of biology that addresses how differences in the structures or expression of DNA molecules manifests as variation among organisms. Molecular genetics often applies an "investigative approach" to determine the ...

and morphological data, found the subfamily to be

monophyletic In cladistics for a group of organisms, monophyly is the condition of being a clade—that is, a group of taxa composed only of a common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population) and all of its lineal descendants. Monophyletic gro ...

. The study's authors furthermore proposed 13

tribes The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. This definition is contested, in part due to conflic ...

within Spilomelinae: *

Acloque, 1897 * Asciodini Mally, Hayden, Neinhuis, Jordal & Nuss, 2019 * Herpetogrammatini Mally, Hayden, Neinhuis, Jordal & Nuss, 2019 * Hydririni Minet, 1982 * Hymeniini Swinhoe, 1900 *

Amsel, 1956 *

Margaroniini Margaroniini is a Tribe (biology), tribe of the species-rich subfamily Spilomelinae in the Pyraloidea, pyraloid moth Family (biology), family Crambidae. The tribe was erected by Charles Swinhoe and Everard Charles Cotes in 1889, originally as fam ...

Swinhoe & Cotes, 1889 * Nomophilini Kuznetzov & Stekolnikov, 1979 * Spilomelini Guenée, 1854 *

Guenée, 1854 * Trichaeini Mally, Hayden, Neinhuis, Jordal & Nuss, 2019 *

Udeini Udeini is a tribe in the species-rich subfamily Spilomelinae in the pyraloid moth family Crambidae. The tribe was erected by Richard Mally, James E. Hayden, Christoph Neinhuis, Bjarte H. Jordal and Matthias Nuss in 2019. Systematics Nin ...

Mally, Hayden, Neinhuis, Jordal & Nuss, 2019 *

Wurthiini Wurthiini is a tribe of the species-rich subfamily Spilomelinae in the pyraloid moth family Crambidae. Description Adult Wurthiini are small to medium-sized moths with wing spans of normally 20 to over 30 mm, whereas adults of ''Niphopy ...

Roepke, 1916

"Non-euspilomeline" tribes

Hydririni,

and

share several

plesiomorphic In phylogenetics, a plesiomorphy ("near form") and symplesiomorphy are synonyms for an ancestral character shared by all members of a clade, which does not distinguish the clade from other clades. Plesiomorphy, symplesiomorphy, apomorphy, and ...

characters with the

sister group In phylogenetics, a sister group or sister taxon, also called an adelphotaxon, comprises the closest relative(s) of another given unit in an evolutionary tree. Definition The expression is most easily illustrated by a cladogram: Taxon A and t ...

of Spilomelinae, the

. These

plesiomorphies In phylogenetics, a plesiomorphy ("near form") and symplesiomorphy are synonyms for an ancestral character shared by all members of a clade, which does not distinguish the clade from other clades. Plesiomorphy, symplesiomorphy, apomorphy, and ...

are: absence of longitudinal strips on the male abdominal segment 8; male genitalia with a straight to concave valva costa and a

phallus A phallus is a penis (especially when erect), an object that resembles a penis, or a mimetic image of an erect penis. In art history a figure with an erect penis is described as ithyphallic. Any object that symbolically—or, more precisel ...

with an evenly sclerotized

apodeme An exoskeleton (from Greek ''éxō'' "outer" and ''skeletós'' "skeleton") is an external skeleton that supports and protects an animal's body, in contrast to an internal skeleton (endoskeleton) in for example, a human. In usage, some of the l ...

; female genitalia with a lanceolate “ediacaroid” signum in the corpus bursae and in several taxa with an appendix bursae attached to the corpus bursae. Due to these plesiomorphies, these four Spilomelinae tribes are referred to as "non-euspilomeline" tribes as opposed to the

"euspilomeline" group that represents a more derived group of Spilomelinae. The "non-euspilomeline" tribes form a paraphylum as they do not comprise the "euspilomelines".

"Euspilomeline" tribes

Pantographa limata – Basswood Leafroller Moth

Glyphodes stolalis (Crambidae Spilomelinae)

- 5268 – Psara obscuralis – Obscure Psara Moth (15439954193)

Duponchelia fovealis, Trawscoed, North Wales, July 2006 (19888933425)

The tribes

, Spilomelini, Herpetogrammatini, Hymeniini, Asciodini, Trichaeini,

and Nomophilini form the monophylum of "euspilomelines" (Greek ''eu-'' for "good" or "true"), all sharing a common ancestor. The

synapomorphies In phylogenetics, an apomorphy (or derived trait) is a novel character or character state that has evolved from its ancestral form (or plesiomorphy). A synapomorphy is an apomorphy shared by two or more taxa and is therefore hypothesized to have ...

of euspilomelines are: male abdominal tergite 8 with an emarginate anterior edge; male genitalia with partly sclerotized hair pencils on the anterior edge of vinculum-tegumen connection, with a convex valva costa, and the

without a coecum and the

of the phallus

reduced to a ventral, longitudinally sclerotized strip along the manica; female genitalia with a longitudinal membranous strip in the antrum, and the lack of a strongly sclerotised colliculum between antrum and ductus seminalis.

Genera currently unplaced in any Spilomelinae tribe

Based on the morphological

and characteristics of these tribes, Mally et al. (2019) assigned numerous Spilomelinae genera to these proposed tribes, so that about two thirds of the 339 Spilomelinae

genera Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclat ...

are placed in these tribes, leaving 132 genera currently unplaced: *''

Aboetheta ''Aboetheta'' is a monotypic moth genus of the Spilomelinae subfamily of the Crambidae described by Alfred Jefferis Turner in 1914. The sole species in the genus, ''Aboetheta pteridonoma'', was described by the same author in the same year, and is ...

'' Turner, 1914 *''

Acicys ''Acicys'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. It contains only one species, ''Acicys cladaropa'', which is found in Australia. References

Spilomelinae Taxa named by Alfred Jefferis Turner Monotypic moth genera Moths of Australia ...

'' Turner, 1911 *'' Aediodina'' Strand, 1919 *'' Agrammia'' Guenée, 1854 *'' Almonia'' Walker, 1866 *'' Ametrea'' Munroe, 1964 *'' Archernis'' Meyrick, 1886 (= ''Chrysommatodes'' Warren, 1896, ''Metoportha'' Meyrick, 1894, ''Protonoceras'' Warren, 1890) *'' Arxama'' Walker, 1866 *'' Atelocentra'' Meyrick, 1884 *'' Auchmophoba'' Turner, 1913 *'' Bacotoma'' Moore, 1885 (= ''Epactoctena'' Meyrick, 1937, ''Platamonia'' Lederer, 1863, ''Platamonina'' J. C. Shaffer & Munroe, 2007) *'' Cangetta'' Moore, 1886 *'' Carthade'' Snellen, 1899 *'' Chabula'' Moore, 1886 *'' Chromodes'' Guenée, 1854 *'' Cissachroa'' Turner, 1937 *'' Coelorhyncidia'' Hampson, 1896 *''

Coptobasis ''Coptobasis'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. Species *''Coptobasis arctalis'' (Guenée, 1854) *''Coptobasis dentalis'' Pagenstecher, 1900 *''Coptobasis lophocera'' Hampson, 1907 *''Coptobasis luminalis'' Lederer, 1863 *''Coptobasis ...

'' Lederer, 1863 *''

Coremata ''Coremata'' is a monotypic moth genus of the family Crambidae described by Hans Georg Amsel in 1956. It contains only one species, ''Coremata stigmatalis'', described by George Hampson in 1899, which is found in São Paulo, Brazil. The wingspan ...

'' Amsel, 1956 *'' Cotachena'' Moore, 1885 *'' Criophthona'' Meyrick, 1884 *''

Camptomastix ''Camptomastix'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. Species *''Camptomastix hisbonalis'' (Walker, 1859) *''Camptomastix septentrionalis'' Inoue, 1982 References

Spilomelinae Crambidae genera Taxa named by William Warren (entomo ...

'' Warren, 1892 (= ''Camptomastyx'' Hampson, 1896) *'' Cangetta'' Moore, 1886 (= ''Blechrophanes'' Turner, 1937) *'' Carthade'' Snellen, 1899 (= ''Chartade'' Neave, 1939) *'' Cavifrons'' Zeller, 1872 *'' Ceratarcha'' Swinhoe, 1894 *'' Chabula'' Moore, 1886 *'' Chromodes'' Guenée, 1854 *'' Cissachroa'' Turner, 1937 *'' Coelorhyncidia'' Hampson, 1896 *''

'' Lederer, 1863 *''

'' Amsel, 1956 (= ''Culcita'' Amsel, 1957) *'' Cotachena'' Moore, 1885 (= ''Mesothyris'' Warren, 1892, ''Syndicastis'' Meyrick, 1889) *'' Criophthona'' Meyrick, 1884 (= ''Conoprora'' Turner, 1913) *''

Daulia Daulis ( grc, Δαυλίς), at a later time Daulia (Δαυλία), and also Daulium or Daulion (Δαύλιον), was a town of ancient Phocis, near the frontiers of Boeotia, and on the road from Orchomenus and Chaeroneia to Delphi. Overview I ...

'' Walker, 1859 (= ''Girtexta'' Swinhoe, 1890) *'' Deuterarcha'' Meyrick, 1884 *''

Deuterophysa ''Deuterophysa'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae described by Warren in 1889. Species *''Deuterophysa albilunalis'' (Hampson, 1913) *''Deuterophysa asychanalis'' Warren, 1889 *''Deuterophysa baracoalis'' (Schaus, 1924) *''Deuterophy ...

'' Warren, 1889 *''

Dichocrocis ''Dichocrocis'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae The Crambidae are the grass moth family of lepidopterans. They are variable in appearance, the nominal subfamily Crambinae (grass moths) taking up closely folded postures on grass ste ...

'' Lederer, 1863 (= ''Zebrodes'' Warren, 1896) *'' Discothyris'' Warren, 1895 *''

Dracaenura ''Dracaenura'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 18863. Species *''Dracaenura adela'' Tams, 1935 *''Dracaenura aegialitis'' Meyrick, 1910 *''Dracaenura agramma'' Meyrick, 1886 *''Dracaenura albonig ...

'' Meyrick, 1886 *'' Duzulla'' Amsel, 1952 *''

Ebuleodes ''Ebuleodes'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. It contains only one species, ''Ebuleodes simplex'', which is found in India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countr ...

'' Warren, 1896 *''

Ectadiosoma ''Ectadiosoma'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. It contains only one species, ''Ectadiosoma straminea'', which is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Queensland ) , nickname = Sunshine State , image_map = Queensl ...

'' Turner, 1937 *'' Elbursia'' Amsel, 1950 *'' Eudaimonisma'' T. P. Lucas, 1902 *'' Eulepte'' Hübner, 1825 (= ''Acrospila'' Lederer, 1863) *'' Eurybela'' Turner, 1908 *'' Eustenia'' Snellen, 1899 *'' Furcivena'' Hampson, 1896 *'' Gadessa'' Moore, 1885 *'' Gethosyne'' Warren, 1896 *'' Glauconoe'' Warren, 1892 *'' Goniorhynchus'' Hampson, 1896 *''

Hemopsis ''Hemopsis'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae The Crambidae are the grass moth family of lepidopterans. They are variable in appearance, the nominal subfamily Crambinae (grass moths) taking up closely folded postures on grass stems w ...

'' Kirti & Rose, 1987 *'' Heterudea'' Dognin, 1905 *''

Hyalea ''Hyalea'' is a genus of large moths of the family Crambidae. It was described by Achille Guenée in 1854. Species *''Hyalea africalis'' Hampson, 1912 *''Hyalea boliviensis'' Dognin, 1905 *''Hyalea dividalis'' Geyer in Hübner, 1832 (Brazil) *' ...

'' Guenée, 1854 *'' Indogrammodes'' Kirti & Rose, 1989 *''

Ischnurges ''Ischnurges'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. Species *''Ischnurges bagoasalis'' Druce, 1899 *''Ischnurges gratiosalis'' (Walker, 1859) *''Ischnurges illustralis'' Lederer, 1863 *''Ischnurges inusitata'' Gaede, 1916 *''Ischnurges lu ...

'' Lederer, 1863 (= ''Nesolocha'' Meyrick, 1886) *'' Legrandellus'' J. C. Shaffer & Munroe, 2007 *'' Lepidoneura'' Hampson, 1896 *''

Leucinodella Agroterini is a tribe of the species-rich subfamily Spilomelinae in the pyraloid moth family Crambidae. The tribe was erected by Alexandre Noël Charles Acloque in 1897. Genera Agroterini currently contains 30 genera, altogether comprising 433 ...

'' Strand, 1918 *'' Leucochromodes'' Amsel, 1956 *'' Leucophotis'' Butler, 1886 *'' Lipararchis'' Meyrick, 1934 *''

Luma Luma or LUMA may refer to: Arts * La Trobe University Museum of Art, Melbourne, Australia * LUMA Projection Arts Festival, an annual event featuring building-scale projection mapping and light installations in Binghamton, NY * LUMA Foundation, ...

'' Walker, 1863 (= Pelena Moore, 1886, Pelina Hampson, 1897, ''Petena'' Neave, 1940) *'' Mabra'' Moore, 1885 (type species: ''Asopia eryxalis'' Walker, 1859, by original designation) *'' Macaretaera'' Meyrick, 1886 (= ''Trichoptychodes'' Swinhoe, 1894, ''Trigonophylla'' Turner, 1937) *'' Macrobela'' Turner, 1939 *''

Malaciotis ''Malaciotis'' is a monotypic moth genus of the family Crambidae described by Edward Meyrick in 1934. It contains only one species, ''Malaciotis thiogramma'', described by the same author in the same year, which is found in Katanga Province of the ...

'' Meyrick, 1934 *''

Malickyella ''Malickyella'' is a genus of Pyraloidea, snout moth in the species-rich subfamily Spilomelinae of the family Crambidae. The genus was described in 2010 by the German entomologists Wolfram Mey and Wolfgang Speidel based on material from South-Eas ...

'' Mey & Speidel, 2010 *''

Meekiaria ''Meekiaria'' is a monotypic moth genus of the family Crambidae described by Eugene G. Munroe in 1974. It contains only one species, ''Meekiaria lignea'', described by the same author in the same year, which is found in New Guinea New Guin ...

'' Munroe, 1974 *'' Merodictya'' Warren, 1896 *'' Mesocondyla'' Lederer, 1863 *'' Metallarcha'' Meyrick, 1884 (= ''Panopsia'' Turner, 1913) *'' Metoeca'' Warren, 1896 *''

Metraeopsis ''Metraeopsis'' is a monotypic moth genus of the family Crambidae described by Paul Dognin in 1905. It contains only one species, ''Metraeopsis cuneatalis'', described in the same article, which is found in Loja Province, Ecuador. References

...

'' Dognin, 1905 *'' Microgeshna'' J. C. Shaffer & Munroe, 2007 *'' Microphysetica'' Hampson, 1917 (= ''Falx'' Amsel, 1956, ''Falcimorpha'' Amsel, 1957) *'' Mimudea'' Warren, 1892 *'' Mukia'' Amsel, 1954 *''

Myriostephes ''Myriostephes'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. The genus was erected by Edward Meyrick in 1884. Species *''Myriostephes asphycta'' (Turner, 1915) *''Myriostephes crocobapta'' Turner, 1908 *''Myriostephes haplodes'' (Meyrick, 1887) ...

'' Meyrick, 1884 *'' Myrmidonistis'' Meyrick, 1887 *''

Nacoleia Nakoleia ( el, Νακώλεια and Νακόλεια) also known as Nakolaion (Νακώλαιον), Latinized as Nacolia or Nacolea, was an ancient and medieval city in Phrygia. It corresponds to present-day Seyitgazi, Eskişehir Province in the ...

'' Walker, 1859 (= ''Aplomastix'' Warren, 1890, ''Orthocona'' Warren, 1896, ''Semioceros'' Meyrick, 1884) *'' Nankogobinda'' Rose & Kirti, 1986 *'' Nausinoe'' Hübner, 1825 (= ''Lepyrodes'' Guenée, 1854, ''Phalangiodes'' Guenée, 1854) *'' Nausinoella'' J. C. Shaffer & Munroe, 2007 *''

Neostege ''Neostege'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae described by George Hampson in 1910. It contains only one species, ''Neostege holoxutha'', described in the same article, which is found in Zambia and Zimbabwe Zimbabwe (), officia ...

'' Hampson, 1910 *''

Nevrina ''Nevrina'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. Species *''Nevrina procopia'' (Stoll in Cramer & Stoll, 1781) *''Nevrina radiata'' Ghesquière, 1942 *''Nevrina verlainei'' Ghesquière, 1942 References Natural History Museum Lepidoptera ...

'' Guenée, 1854 *'' Nistra'' Walker, 1859 *''

Notesia ''Bepea'' is a moth genus in the subfamily Spilomelinae of the family Crambidae. The name ''Bepea'' is a replacement name, or nomen novum, proposed by Koçak & Kemal in 2007. The new name was necessary because the previous genus name, ''Notesia' ...

'' Yamanaka, 1992 *'' Ommatobotys'' J. C. Shaffer & Munroe, 2007 *'' Orphnophanes'' Lederer, 1863 (= ''Syntomodora'' Meyrick, 1894) *'' Orthospila'' Warren, 1890 *'' Osiriaca'' Walker, 1866 (= ''Myriotis'' Meyrick, 1885) *'' Otiophora'' Turner, 1908 *'' Paramecyna'' Amsel, 1961 *'' Pectinobotys'' Munroe, 1959 *'' Pelinopsis'' Dognin, 1905 *''

Physematia ''Physematia'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. Species *''Physematia concordalis'' Lederer, 1863 *''Physematia defloralis'' Strand, 1919 References Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database
Spilomelinae Crambidae gene ...

'' Lederer, 1863 *''

Piletocera ''Piletocera'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. The genus was first described by Julius Lederer (entomologist), Julius Lederer in 1863. Species *''Piletocera aegimiusalis'' (Walker, 1859) *''Piletocera aequalis'' Walker, 1866 *''Pile ...

'' Lederer, 1863 (= ''Alutefa'' Swinhoe, 1900, ''Danaga'' Moore, 1885, ''Diplotyla'' Meyrick, 1886, ''Ellogima'' Turner, 1913, ''Erebangela'' Meyrick, 1886, ''Graphicopoda'' Butler, 1886, ''Hormatholepis'' Butler, 1886, ''Ptilaeola'' Meyrick, 1886, ''Rinecera'' Butler, 1884, ''Sematosopha'' Meyrick, 1937, ''Strepsimela'' Meyrick, 1886) *'' Plateopsis'' Warren, 1896 *''

Platygraphis ''Platygraphis'' is a monotypic moth genus of the family Crambidae described by Harrison Gray Dyar Jr. in 1918. Its only species, ''Platygraphis isabella'', described in the same paper, is found in Mexico. The wingspan The wingspan (or just ...

'' Dyar, 1918 *''

Pleonectoides ''Pleonectoides'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. It contains only one species, ''Pleonectoides vinacea'', which is found in southern India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is ...

'' Hampson, 1891 *'' Polythlipta'' Lederer, 1863 *''

Praeacrospila ''Praeacrospila'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae described by Hans Georg Amsel in 1956. Species *''Praeacrospila melanoproctis'' Hampson, 1899 *''Praeacrospila patricialis'' (Schaus, 1912) *''Praeacrospila pellucidalis'' (Dognin, 19 ...

'' Amsel, 1956 *''

Praephostria ''Praephostria'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae described by Hans Georg Amsel in 1956. Species *''Praephostria flavalis'' Amsel, 1956 *''Praephostria sylleptalis'' Amsel, 1956 References

Spilomelinae Taxa named by Hans Geor ...

'' Amsel, 1956 *'' Pramadea'' Moore, 1888 *'' Preneopogon'' Warren, 1896 *'' Prionopaltis'' Warren, 1892 *'' Prorodes'' Swinhoe, 1894 (= ''Idiostrophe'' Warren, 1896) *'' Proternia'' Meyrick, 1884 *'' Protonoceras'' Warren, 1890 *'' Pycnarmon'' Lederer, 1863 (= ''Aripana'' Moore, 1886, ''Entephria'' Lederer, 1863, ''Eutrichotis'' Swinhoe, 1900, ''Pyralocymatophora'' Strand, 1918, ''Satanastra'' Meyrick, 1890) *'' Pylartes'' Walker, 1863 *'' Pyradena'' Munroe, 1958 *'' Ravanoa'' Moore, 1885 *''

Rehimena ''Rehimena'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae described by Walker in 1866. Species *''Rehimena auritincta'' (Butler, 1886) *''Rehimena cissophora'' (Turner, 1908) *''Rehimena dichromalis'' Walker, 866*''Rehimena hypostictalis'' Ha ...

'' Walker, 1866 *'' Rhimphaliodes'' Hampson, 1893 (= ''Rhimphaleodes'' Hampson, 1896) *'' Rhynchetria'' Klunder van Gijen, 1913 *'' Sagariphora'' Meyrick, 1894 *'' Sameodesma'' Hampson, 1918 *'' Sedenia'' Guenée, 1854 *'' Sericophylla'' Turner, 1937 (= ''Sericophora'' Turner, 1937) *'' Stenorista'' Dognin, 1905 *'' Syllepte'' Hübner, 1823 (= ''Arthriobasis'' Warren, 1896, ''Haitufa'' Swinhoe, 1900, ''Haliotigris'' Warren, 1896, ''Neomabra'' Dognin, 1905, ''Nothosalbia'' Swinhoe, 1900, ''Polycorys'' Warren, 1896, ''Subhedylepta'' Strand, 1918, ''Sylepta'' Hübner, 1825, ''Syllepta'' Hübner, 1826, ''Troctoceras'' Dognin, 1905) *''

Syngropia ''Syngropia'' is a monotypic moth genus of the family Crambidae described by George Hampson in 1912. Its one species, ''Syngropia stictica'', described in the same article, is found in Guatemala. The wingspan is 22–26 mm. The forewings a ...

'' Hampson, 1912 *'' Syntrita'' Dognin, 1905 *''

Tabidia ''Tabidia'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae described by Pieter Cornelius Tobias Snellen 1880. Species *''Tabidia aculealis'' (Walker, 1866) *''Tabidia candidalis'' (Warren, 1896) *''Tabidia craterodes'' Meyrick, 1894 *''Tabidia flex ...

'' Snellen, 1880 *'' Tanaophysopsis'' Munroe, 1964 *''

Tasenia ''Tasenia'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. It contains only one species, ''Tasenia nigromaculalis'', which is found on Java Java (; id, Jawa, ; jv, ꦗꦮ; su, ) is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bord ...

'' Snellen, 1901 *'' Torqueola'' Swinhoe, 1906 *''

Trichoceraea ''Trichoceraea'' is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. It contains only one species, ''Trichoceraea semperi'', which is found in the Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippi ...

'' Sauber in G. Semper, 1902 *'' Trigonobela'' Turner, 1915 *'' Trithyris'' Lederer, 1863 *'' Troctoceras'' Dognin, 1905 *'' Tylostega'' Meyrick, 1894 *'' Voliba'' Walker, 1866 (= ''Gabrisa'' Walker, 1866, ''Stereocopa'' Meyrick, 1885) *'' Xanthomelaena'' Hampson, 1896 *'' Zagiridia'' Hampson, 1897

Genera excluded from Spilomelinae

Aporocosmus ''Aporocosmus'' is a genus of moths in the subfamily Odontiinae of the family Crambidae. It contains only one species, ''Aporocosmus lamprodeta'', which is found in New Guinea and Australia, where it has been recorded from Western Australia, the ...

'' Butler, 1886 was transferred to Odontiinae, '' Orthoraphis'' Hampson, 1896 to

Lathrotelinae Lathrotelinae is a subfamily of the pyraloid family Crambidae described by John Frederick Gates Clarke in 1971. It currently comprises 45 species in six genera. Description Characteristic features of the Lathrotelinae are the undulating wing ou ...

, '' Hydropionea'' Hampson, 1917 and '' Plantegumia'' Amsel, 1956 to

Glaphyriinae Glaphyriinae is a subfamily of the lepidopteran family Crambidae. It was described by William Trowbridge Merrifield Forbes in 1923. The subfamily currently comprises 509 species in 75 genera. The larvae of Glaphyriinae predominantly feed on pl ...

, and ''

Prooedema ''Prooedema '' is a monotypic moth genus of the family Crambidae described by George Hampson. Its only species, ''Prooedema inscisalis'', described by Francis Walker in 1865, is found in India, China, Indonesia, the Philippines, Papua New Guinea ...

'' Hampson, 1896 to

References

External links

{{Taxonbar, from=Q2310651 Moth subfamilies Taxa named by Achille Guenée

Description

Food plants

Economic impact

Systematics

"Non-euspilomeline" tribes

"Euspilomeline" tribes

Genera currently unplaced in any Spilomelinae tribe

Genera excluded from Spilomelinae

See also

References

External links