''Rezky'' was one of 29 s (officially known as
Project 7
A project is any undertaking, carried out individually or collaboratively and possibly involving research or design, that is carefully planned to achieve a particular goal.
An alternative view sees a project managerially as a sequence of eve ...
) built for the
Soviet Navy during the late 1930s. Completed in 1942, she was assigned to the
Pacific Fleet.
Design and description
Having decided to build the large and expensive
destroyer leaders, the Soviet Navy sought Italian assistance in designing smaller and cheaper destroyers. They licensed the plans for the and, in modifying it for their purposes, overloaded a design that was already somewhat marginally
stable
A stable is a building in which livestock, especially horses, are kept. It most commonly means a building that is divided into separate stalls for individual animals and livestock. There are many different types of stables in use today; the ...
.
The ''Gnevny''s had an
overall length of , a
beam
Beam may refer to:
Streams of particles or energy
*Light beam, or beam of light, a directional projection of light energy
**Laser beam
*Particle beam, a stream of charged or neutral particles
**Charged particle beam, a spatially localized grou ...
of , and a
draft of at
deep load. The ships were significantly overweight, almost heavier than designed, displacing at
standard load
The displacement or displacement tonnage of a ship is its weight. As the term indicates, it is measured indirectly, using Archimedes' principle, by first calculating the volume of water displaced by the ship, then converting that value into wei ...
and at deep load. Their crew numbered 197 officers and sailors in peacetime and 236 in wartime. The ships had a pair of geared
steam turbine
A steam turbine is a machine that extracts thermal energy from pressurized steam and uses it to do mechanical work on a rotating output shaft. Its modern manifestation was invented by Charles Parsons in 1884. Fabrication of a modern steam turbin ...
s, each driving one propeller, rated to produce using steam from three
water-tube boilers which was intended to give them a maximum speed of . The designers had been conservative in rating the turbines and many, but not all, of the ships handily exceeded their designed speed during their
sea trials. Others fell considerably short of it, although specific figures for most individual ships have not survived. Variations in
fuel oil
Fuel oil is any of various fractions obtained from the distillation of petroleum (crude oil). Such oils include distillates (the lighter fractions) and residues (the heavier fractions). Fuel oils include heavy fuel oil, marine fuel oil (MFO), bun ...
capacity meant that the range of the ''Gnevny''s varied between at .
As built, the ''Gnevny''-class ships mounted four
B-13 guns in two pairs of
superfiring
Superfiring armament is a naval military building technique in which two (or more) turrets are located in a line, one behind the other, with the second turret located above ("super") the one in front so that the second turret can fire over the ...
single mounts fore and aft of the
superstructure
A superstructure is an upward extension of an existing structure above a baseline. This term is applied to various kinds of physical structures such as buildings, bridges, or ships.
Aboard ships and large boats
On water craft, the superstruct ...
.
Anti-aircraft defense was provided by a pair of
34-K AA guns in single mounts and a pair of
21-K AA guns as well as two
DK or DShK machine guns. They carried six
torpedo tubes in two rotating triple mounts; each tube was provided with a reload. The ships could also carry a maximum of either 60 or 95
mines and 25
depth charge
A depth charge is an anti-submarine warfare (ASW) weapon. It is intended to destroy a submarine by being dropped into the water nearby and detonating, subjecting the target to a powerful and destructive Shock factor, hydraulic shock. Most depth ...
s. They were fitted with a set of Mars
hydrophones for
anti-submarine work, although they were useless at speeds over . The ships were equipped with two K-1
paravanes intended to destroy mines and a pair of depth-charge throwers.
Construction and service
Major components for the ship that became ''Rezky'' were
laid down at
Shipyard No. 198 (Andre Marti South) in
Nikolayev on 5 May 1936 as
yard number 319 and were then railed to
Vladivostok for completion at
Shipyard No. 202 (Dalzavod) where the ship was laid down again on 20 August 1938. She was
launched on 29 April 1940 and
commissioned on 16 August 1942.
[Rohwer & Monakov, p. 233]
After the war, she was sold to China in 1955 and eventually renamed Fushun. She was scrapped in the late 1980's.
Citations
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Further reading
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Rezky (1940)
Gnevny-class destroyers
1940 ships
Ships built at the Black Sea Shipyard