''Siphanta'' is a genus of
planthopper
A planthopper is any insect in the infraorder Fulgoromorpha, in the suborder Auchenorrhyncha, a group exceeding 12,500 described species worldwide. The name comes from their remarkable resemblance to leaves and other plants of their environment ...
s in the family
Flatidae.
Description
In adults of ''Siphanta'', the
frons is slightly convex to flat, has a median longitudinal carina and either lacks lateral carinae or these are very short. The vertex meets the frons at a carinate margin. The
pronotum is flat medially and has lateral carinae that curve posterolaterally and do not reach the posterior margin. The posterior margin of the pronotum is broadly concave. The
mesonotum is also flat medially (occasionally with a faint median carina) and has two lateral carinae. The forewing (
tegmen
A tegmen (plural: ''tegmina'') designates the modified leathery front wing on an insect particularly in the orders Dermaptera (earwigs), Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets and similar families), Mantodea (praying mantis), Phasmatodea (stick and ...
) is triangular, lacks apical lines and has a sutural angle that ranges from obtusely rounded to slightly acute. The tibia of the hind leg bears one spine.
Diet
Like other planthoppers, ''Siphanta'' are
herbivores. ''Siphanta acuta'' is
polyphagous
Feeding is the process by which organisms, typically animals, obtain food. Terminology often uses either the suffixes -vore, -vory, or -vorous from Latin ''vorare'', meaning "to devour", or -phage, -phagy, or -phagous from Greek φαγε ...
, meaning it feeds on a wide range of plants. It is a pest of
banana
A banana is an elongated, edible fruit – botanically a berry – produced by several kinds of large herbaceous flowering plants in the genus ''Musa''. In some countries, bananas used for cooking may be called "plantains", distinguis ...
,
citrus,
coffee,
guava
Guava () is a common tropical fruit cultivated in many tropical and subtropical regions. The common guava ''Psidium guajava'' (lemon guava, apple guava) is a small tree in the myrtle family ( Myrtaceae), native to Mexico, Central America, the ...
,
macadamia and various ornamental plants. ''Siphanta gregaria'' feeds on ''
Cordia cylindrostachya''.
Distribution
Most species in this genus occur in
Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...
, with the exception of ''S. expatria'' from
New Guinea. ''Siphanta acuta'' and ''S. patruelis'' have been introduced to other countries.
Species
* ''
Siphanta acuta'' (Walker, 1851)
* ''
Siphanta acutipenins
''Siphanta'' is a genus of planthoppers in the family Flatidae.
Description
In adults of ''Siphanta'', the frons is slightly convex to flat, has a median longitudinal carina and either lacks lateral carinae or these are very short. The vertex ...
'' (Kirkaldy, 1906)
* ''
Siphanta alboconspersa'' (Distant, 1910)
* ''
Siphanta angularis'' (Fletcher, 1985)
* ''
Siphanta angustata
''Siphanta'' is a genus of planthoppers in the family Flatidae.
Description
In adults of ''Siphanta'', the frons is slightly convex to flat, has a median longitudinal carina and either lacks lateral carinae or these are very short. The vertex ...
'' (Fletcher, 1985)
* ''
Siphanta anomala
''Siphanta'' is a genus of planthoppers in the family Flatidae.
Description
In adults of ''Siphanta'', the frons is slightly convex to flat, has a median longitudinal carina and either lacks lateral carinae or these are very short. The vertex ...
'' (Jacobi, 1928)
* ''
Siphanta atomaria
''Siphanta'' is a genus of planthoppers in the family Flatidae.
Description
In adults of ''Siphanta'', the frons is slightly convex to flat, has a median longitudinal carina and either lacks lateral carinae or these are very short. The vertex ...
'' (Walker, 1858)
* ''
Siphanta bifida
''Siphanta'' is a genus of planthoppers in the family Flatidae.
Description
In adults of ''Siphanta'', the frons is slightly convex to flat, has a median longitudinal carina and either lacks lateral carinae or these are very short. The vertex ...
'' (Fletcher, 1985)
* ''
Siphanta breviceps
''Siphanta'' is a genus of planthoppers in the family Flatidae.
Description
In adults of ''Siphanta'', the frons is slightly convex to flat, has a median longitudinal carina and either lacks lateral carinae or these are very short. The vertex ...
'', synonym of ''
Siphanta hebes
''Siphanta'' is a genus of planthoppers in the family Flatidae.
Description
In adults of ''Siphanta'', the frons is slightly convex to flat, has a median longitudinal carina and either lacks lateral carinae or these are very short. The vertex ...
''
* ''
Siphanta compacta
''Siphanta'' is a genus of planthoppers in the family Flatidae.
Description
In adults of ''Siphanta'', the frons is slightly convex to flat, has a median longitudinal carina and either lacks lateral carinae or these are very short. The vertex ...
'' (Fletcher, 1985)
* ''
Siphanta constricta
''Siphanta'' is a genus of planthoppers in the family Flatidae.
Description
In adults of ''Siphanta'', the frons is slightly convex to flat, has a median longitudinal carina and either lacks lateral carinae or these are very short. The vertex ...
'' (Fletcher, 1985)
* ''
Siphanta eberhardi
''Siphanta'' is a genus of planthoppers in the family Flatidae.
Description
In adults of ''Siphanta'', the frons is slightly convex to flat, has a median longitudinal carina and either lacks lateral carinae or these are very short. The vertex ...
'' (Fletcher, 1985)
* ''
Siphanta expatria
''Siphanta'' is a genus of planthoppers in the family Flatidae.
Description
In adults of ''Siphanta'', the frons is slightly convex to flat, has a median longitudinal carina and either lacks lateral carinae or these are very short. The vertex ...
'' (Fletcher, 1985)
* ''
Siphanta fusca
''Siphanta'' is a genus of planthoppers in the family Flatidae.
Description
In adults of ''Siphanta'', the frons is slightly convex to flat, has a median longitudinal carina and either lacks lateral carinae or these are very short. The vertex ...
'' (Fletcher, 1985)
* ''
Siphanta galeata'' (Kirkaldy, 1906)
* ''
Siphanta gallowayi'' (Fletcher, 1985)
* ''
Siphanta glauca'' (Fletcher, 1985)
* ''
Siphanta granulata'' (Kirkaldy, 1906)
* ''
Siphanta granulicollis'' (Stsl, 1859)
* ''
Siphanta gregaria'' (Jacobi, 1928)
* ''
Siphanta griseoviridis'' (Fletcher, 1985)
* ''
Siphanta hackeri'' (Fletcher, 1985)
* ''
Siphanta hebes
''Siphanta'' is a genus of planthoppers in the family Flatidae.
Description
In adults of ''Siphanta'', the frons is slightly convex to flat, has a median longitudinal carina and either lacks lateral carinae or these are very short. The vertex ...
'' (Walker, 1851) (Green planthopper)
* ''
Siphanta insularis'', synonym of ''
Phyllyphanta producta''
* ''
Siphanta intricata'', synonym of ''
Ormenis intricata''
* ''
Siphanta javana'', synonym of ''
Siphanta patruelis''
* ''
Siphanta kurandae'' (Fletcher, 1985)
* ''
Siphanta lucindae'' (Kirkaldy, 1906)
* ''
Siphanta luteolineata'' (Fletcher, 1985)
* ''
Siphanta lynae'' (Fletcher, 1985)
* ''
Siphanta minuta'' (Fabricius, 1775)
* ''
Siphanta montana'' (Fletcher, 1985)
* ''
Siphanta munda'', synonym of ''
Euphanta munda''
* ''
Siphanta nubecula'' (Jacobi, 1928)
* ''
Siphanta occidentalis'' (Fletcher, 1985)
* ''
Siphanta parva'' (Fletcher, 1985)
* ''
Siphanta patruelis'' (Stal, 1859)
* ''
Siphanta peracuta'' (Fletcher, 1985)
* ''
Siphanta recurva'' (Fletcher, 1985)
* ''
Siphanta roseicincta'' (Walker, 1862)
* ''
Siphanta rubra'' (Schmidt, 1904)
* ''
Siphanta sensilis'', synonym of ''
Siphanta minuta''
* ''
Siphanta similis'' (Fletcher, 1985)
* ''
Siphanta solitaria'' (Fletcher, 1985)
* ''
Siphanta stigma'', synonym of ''
Siphanta hebes
''Siphanta'' is a genus of planthoppers in the family Flatidae.
Description
In adults of ''Siphanta'', the frons is slightly convex to flat, has a median longitudinal carina and either lacks lateral carinae or these are very short. The vertex ...
''
* ''
Siphanta striata'' (Fletcher, 2002)
* ''
Siphanta subgranulosa'' (Kirkaldy, 1906)
* ''
Siphanta tasmanica'' (Fletcher, 1985)
* ''
Siphanta thambeos'' (Fletcher, 1985)
* ''
Siphanta toga'', synonym of ''
Siphanta patruelis''
* ''
Siphanta trimaculata'' (Distant, 1910)
* ''
Siphanta tropica'' (Fletcher, 1985)
* ''
Siphanta unicolor'' (Walker, 1851)
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q10668571
Flatidae
Auchenorrhyncha genera