''Sinocyclocheilus'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

freshwater fish Freshwater fish are those that spend some or all of their lives in fresh water, such as rivers and lakes, with a salinity of less than 1.05%. These environments differ from marine conditions in many ways, especially the difference in levels of s ...

in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

Cyprinidae Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family. It includes the carps, the true minnows, and relatives like the barbs and barbels. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family and the largest verte ...

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsew ...

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...

, where only found in

Guangxi Guangxi (; ; Chinese postal romanization, alternately romanized as Kwanghsi; ; za, Gvangjsih, italics=yes), officially the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (GZAR), is an Autonomous regions of China, autonomous region of the People's Republic ...

Guizhou Guizhou (; formerly Kweichow) is a landlocked province in the southwest region of the People's Republic of China. Its capital and largest city is Guiyang, in the center of the province. Guizhou borders the autonomous region of Guangxi to t ...

and

Yunnan Yunnan , () is a landlocked Provinces of China, province in Southwest China, the southwest of the People's Republic of China. The province spans approximately and has a population of 48.3 million (as of 2018). The capital of the province is ...

.Ma, L.; and Y.-H. Zhao (2012). Cavefish of China. Pp. 107—125 in: White, W.B.; and D.C. Cuvier, editors. Encyclopedia of Caves. Elsevier. Almost all of its

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

live in or around caves and most of these have adaptions typical of

cavefish Cavefish or cave fish is a generic term for fresh and brackish water fish adapted to life in caves and other underground habitats. Related terms are subterranean fish, troglomorphic fish, troglobitic fish, stygobitic fish, phreatic fish and hypog ...

such as a lack of scales, lack of pigmentation and reduced eyes (some are completely blind). Several species have an unusual hunchbacked appearance and some of the cave-dwellers have a "horn" on the back (above the forehead), the function of which is unclear. In contrast, the ''Sinocyclocheilus'' species that live aboveground, as well as a few found underground, show no clear cavefish adaptions. They are relatively small fish reaching up to in length. The individual species have small ranges and populations, leading to the status of most of the evaluated species as

threatened Threatened species are any species (including animals, plants and fungi) which are vulnerable to endangerment in the near future. Species that are threatened are sometimes characterised by the population dynamics measure of ''critical depensat ...

. Many species populations in the genus have yet to be evaluated by the

IUCN The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natu ...

. The

type species In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen ...

is ''S. tingi''. The name is derived from the

Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...

word ''sino'', meaning "from China", and the

Greek Greek may refer to: Greece Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group. *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family. **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...

word ''kyklos'', meaning "circle", and the Greek word ''cheilos'', meaning "lip".

Species

These are the recognized species in this genus. Several others are now considered

synonyms A synonym is a word, morpheme, or phrase that means exactly or nearly the same as another word, morpheme, or phrase in a given language. For example, in the English language, the words ''begin'', ''start'', ''commence'', and ''initiate'' are all ...

. Some taxonomists place the species ''Sinocyclocheilus jinxiensis'' to the monotypic genus ''Pseudosinocyclocheilus'', while others continue its placement here. * '' Sinocyclocheilus altishoulderus'' ( W. X. Li & J. H. Lan, 1992) * '' Sinocyclocheilus anatirostris'' R. D. Lin & Z. F. Luo, 1986 (Duck-billed golden-line fish) * '' Sinocyclocheilus angularis'' J. Z. Zheng & J. Wang, 1990 (Golden-line anglefish) * '' Sinocyclocheilus angustiporus'' C. Y. Zheng & J. H. Xie, 1985 * '' Sinocyclocheilus anophthalmus'' Y. R. Chen, X. L. Chu, Z. Y. Luo & J. Y. Wu, 1988 (Eye-less golden-line fish) * '' Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis'' X. Gan, T. J. Wu, M. L. Wei & J. Yang, 2013Gan, X., Wu, T.-J., Wei, M.-L. & Yang, J. (2013)
A new blind barbine species, ''Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis'' sp. nov. (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) from Guangxi, China.
''Zoological Research, 34 (5): 459-463.'' * '' Sinocyclocheilus aquihornes'' W. X. Li & H. F. Yang, 2007 * '' Sinocyclocheilus biangularis'' D. Wang, 1996 * '' Sinocyclocheilus bicornutus'' D. Z. Wang & J. W. Liao, 1997 * '' Sinocyclocheilus brevibarbatus'' Y. H. Zhao, J. H. Lan & C. G. Zhang, 2009 * '' Sinocyclocheilus brevifinus'' J. Li, X. H. Li & Mayden, 2014Li, J., Li, X. & Mayden, R.L. (2014): ''Sinocyclocheilus brevifinus'' (Teleostei: Cyprinidae), a new species of cavefish from Guangxi, China. ''Zootaxa, 3873 (1): 37–48''. * '' Sinocyclocheilus brevis'' J. H. Lan & J. X. Chen, 1992 * '' Sinocyclocheilus broadihornes'' W. X. Li & W. N. Mao, 2007 * '' Sinocyclocheilus cyphotergous'' ( D. Y. Dai, 1988) * '' Sinocyclocheilus donglanensis'' Y. H. Zhao, K. Watanabe & C. G. Zhang, 2006 * '' Sinocyclocheilus flexuosdorsalis'' D. G. Zhu & Y. Zhu, 2012Zhu, D.-G. & Zhu, Y. (2012): A new species ''Sinocyclycheilus flexuosdorsalis'' (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae) from Guangxi, China. ''Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 37 (1): 222-226.'' * ''

Sinocyclocheilus furcodorsalis The crossed-fork back golden-line fish (''Sinocyclocheilus furcodorsalis'') is a species of blind cave fish in the family Cyprinidae. It is endemic to the Guangxi province in southern China, and only known from an underground stream in Tian'e Cou ...

'' Y. R. Chen, J. X. Yang & J. H. Lan, 1997 (Crossed fork-back golden-line fish) * '' Sinocyclocheilus gracilicaudatus'' Y. H. Zhao & C. G. Zhang, 2014Wang, D., Zhao, Y., Yang, J. & Zhang, C. (2014): A new cavefish species from Southwest China, ''Sinocyclocheilus gracilicaudatus'' sp. nov. (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae). ''Zootaxa, 3768 (5): 583–590.'' * '' Sinocyclocheilus gracilis'' J. Li & X. H. Li, 2014Li, J. & Li, X.-H. (2014): ''Sinocyclocheilus gracilis'', a new species of hypogean fish from Guangxi, South China (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae). ''Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 24 (3): 249-256.'' * '' Sinocyclocheilus grahami'' (

Regan The family name Regan, along with its cognates O'Regan, O Regan, Reagan, and O'Reagan, is an Anglicized form of the Irish surname Ó Riagáin or Ó Ríogáin, from Ua Riagáin. The meaning is likely to have originated in ancient Gaelic ''ri'' ...

, 1904) (Golden-line barbel) * '' Sinocyclocheilus guanduensis'' (Li & Xiao, 2004) * '' Sinocyclocheilus guanyangensis'' Y. Q. Chen, C. L. Peng & E. Zhang, 2016Chen, Y.-Q., Peng, C.-L. & Zhang, E (2016): ''Sinocyclocheilus guanyangensis'', a new species of cavefish from the Li-Jiang basin of Guangxi, China (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). ''Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 27 (1): 1-8.'' * '' Sinocyclocheilus guilinensis'' C. S. Ji, 1985 * '' Sinocyclocheilus guishanensis'' W. X. Li, 2003 * '' Sinocyclocheilus hei'' W. X. Li & H. Xiao, 2004 * '' Sinocyclocheilus huanglongdongensis'' Li & Xiao, 2004 * '' Sinocyclocheilus huaningensis'' W. X. Li, 1998 * '' Sinocyclocheilus huanjiangensis'' T. J. Wu, X. Gan & W. X. Li, 2010 * '' Sinocyclocheilus hugeibarbus'' W. X. Li & J. C. Ran, 2003 * '' Sinocyclocheilus huizeensis'' C. Cheng, X. F. Pan, X. Y. Chen, J. Y. Li, L. Ma & J. X. Yang, 2015Cheng, C., Pan, X., Chen, X., Li, J., Ma, L. & Yang, J. (2015): A new species of the genus ''Sinocyclocheilus'' (Teleostei: Cypriniformes), from Jinshajiang Drainage, Yunnan, China. ''Cave Research, 1 (2): 33-36.'' * '' Sinocyclocheilus hyalinus'' Y. R. Chen & J. X. Yang, 1993 (Hyaline fish) * '' Sinocyclocheilus jii'' C. G. Zhang & D. Y. Dai, 1992 * '' Sinocyclocheilus jinxiensis'' H. F. Zheng, L. H. Xiu & J. Yang, 2012 * '' Sinocyclocheilus jiuxuensis'' W. X. Li & J. H. Lan, 2003 * ''

Sinocyclocheilus lateristriatus ''Sinocyclocheilus lateristriatus'' is a species of ray-finned fish Actinopterygii (; ), members of which are known as ray-finned fishes, is a class of bony fish. They comprise over 50% of living vertebrate species. The ray-finned fishes a ...

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q718925 Cyprinid fish of Asia Freshwater fish of China Freshwater fish genera Cave fish