Singleton, New South Wales
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Singleton is a town on the banks of the Hunter River in
New South Wales New South Wales (commonly abbreviated as NSW) is a States and territories of Australia, state on the Eastern states of Australia, east coast of :Australia. It borders Queensland to the north, Victoria (state), Victoria to the south, and South ...
,
Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...
. Singleton is 202km (126 mi) north-north-west of
Sydney Sydney is the capital city of the States and territories of Australia, state of New South Wales and the List of cities in Australia by population, most populous city in Australia. Located on Australia's east coast, the metropolis surrounds Syd ...
, and 70 km (43 mi) north-west of
Newcastle Newcastle usually refers to: *Newcastle upon Tyne, a city and metropolitan borough in Tyne and Wear, England, United Kingdom *Newcastle-under-Lyme, a town in Staffordshire, England, United Kingdom *Newcastle, New South Wales, a metropolitan area ...
. As of 2023, Singleton had an estimated urban population of 17,503. Estimated resident population, 2023. Singleton's main urban area includes the town centre, Singleton Heights, Dunolly, Darlington, The Retreat, Wattle Ponds and Hunterview. Surrounding rural villages include Broke,
Camberwell Camberwell ( ) is an List of areas of London, area of South London, England, in the London Borough of Southwark, southeast of Charing Cross. Camberwell was first a village associated with the church of St Giles' Church, Camberwell, St Giles ...
, Jerrys Plains, Goorangoola/Greenlands, Belford and Lower Belford. Singleton is located on the north-eastern part of the
geological Geology (). is a branch of natural science concerned with the Earth and other astronomical objects, the rocks of which they are composed, and the processes by which they change over time. Modern geology significantly overlaps all other Earth s ...
structure known as the
Sydney basin The Sydney Basin is an Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia, interim Australian bioregion and is both a structural entity and a depositional area, now preserved on the east coast of New South Wales, Australia and with some of its ...
, which borders the New England region. Singleton is now home to a $100 million dollar lottery winner, the highest in the town’s history.


History

The traditional landowners of the land around what is now Singleton are the Wonnarua / Wanaruah people. The Wonnarua / Wanaruah people have occupied the land in the Upper Hunter Valley for over 30,000 years. Singleton was established in the 1820s. In its early years, it was also called Patrick's Plains. The Main Northern railway line reached Singleton in 1863 and was the end of the line until 1869. The town retains many historic buildings, including the original courthouse built in 1841, various large churches and many traditional Australian pubs. The countryside surrounding Singleton contains an unusual number of fine old mansions, reflecting the aristocratic nature of land grants when the area was settled. They include 'Neotsfield' (1828), the elaborate 'Baroona' (1829), 'Abbey Green' (1865) and stunning 'Minimbah' (1877). A Telegraph Office was opened in Singleton on 25 February 1861 during the construction of the first telegraph line to Queensland. That Office combined with the Post Office on 1 January 1870. In May 1942, the community celebrated the appointment of the town's first female Telegram Messenger – Miss Daphne Lambkins. She was one of the first female Messengers in the Commonwealth. Singleton was subject to the major flooding of the Hunter River in 1955, causing extensive damage to the town. When the area was being settled, the government originally attempted to create a town at Whittingham in a flood-free area, but the town grew by the river nonetheless. An embankment was constructed following the 1955 floods to help protect the town against any future flooding. Image:SingletonBuilding0004.jpg, Singleton High School Image:SingletonBuilding0005.jpg, Singleton railway station Image:SingletonBuilding0006.jpg, All Saints' Anglican Church Image:SingletonBuilding0007.jpg, All Saints' Church Rectory


1833 Revolt

In November 1833, six
convicts A convict is "a person found Guilt (law), guilty of a crime and Sentence (law), sentenced by a court" or "a person serving a sentence in prison". Convicts are often also known as "prisoners" or "inmates" or by the slang term "con", while a commo ...
decided to revolt because of their poor treatment, meagre provisions and floggings. Larnach and Mudie were away from the property at the time washing sheep. The rebels stole clothes, guns, food and horses. They held Emily Larnach hostage with several servants locking them in an
outhouse An outhouse — known variously across the English-speaking world otherwise as bog, dunny, long-drop, or privy — is a small structure, separate from a main building, which covers a toilet. This is typically either a pit latrine or a bucket ...
. They also attempted to kill John Larnach but he managed to escape to Henry Dangar's house. Five of six men involved the riots were sentenced to death.During the months preceding the revolt nearly two thirds of the convicts had been flogged with one third of them being flogged multiple times. The subsequent trial in December 1833 led to the convicts being charged with stealing from two dwelling houses, shooting with intent to kill,
aiding and abetting Aiding and abetting is a legal doctrine related to the guilt of someone who aids or abets (encourages, incites) another person in the commission of a crime (or in another's suicide). It exists in a number of different countries and generally al ...
and an
attempted murder Attempted murder is a crime of attempt in various jurisdictions. Canada Section 239 of the ''Criminal Code'' makes attempted murder punishable by a maximum of life imprisonment. If a gun is used, the minimum sentence is four, five or seve ...
. The inquiry produced little evidence of illegal work practice or servants and convicts being overworked.


Notable properties


''Baroona''

''Baroona'' was built in 1829 with property being on 33 hectares. John Larnach built the 1600ha house on land owned by his father-in-law James Mudie. Larnach and Mudie worked together on property with the help of convict labour to create a prominent
agricultural Agriculture encompasses crop and livestock production, aquaculture, and forestry for food and non-food products. Agriculture was a key factor in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created f ...
establishment producing
wool Wool is the textile fiber obtained from sheep and other mammals, especially goats, rabbits, and camelids. The term may also refer to inorganic materials, such as mineral wool and glass wool, that have some properties similar to animal w ...
,
meat Meat is animal Tissue (biology), tissue, often muscle, that is eaten as food. Humans have hunted and farmed other animals for meat since prehistory. The Neolithic Revolution allowed the domestication of vertebrates, including chickens, sheep, ...
and
wheat Wheat is a group of wild and crop domestication, domesticated Poaceae, grasses of the genus ''Triticum'' (). They are Agriculture, cultivated for their cereal grains, which are staple foods around the world. Well-known Taxonomy of wheat, whe ...
. He was assigned 64 convicts which comprised 67% English, 25% Irish and a few from
Scotland Scotland is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It contains nearly one-third of the United Kingdom's land area, consisting of the northern part of the island of Great Britain and more than 790 adjac ...
with a median age of 28 years old. A servant set fire to the estate in 1832. In 1893 Baroona was given an addition of a spiral staircase, a card room and a viewing terrace.


''Pelerin''

Located on 30 Edinburgh Avenue on 3370 sqm, ''Pelerin'' was built in the 1830s and is a stone-faced two storey building. In 1899 it sustained major storm damage. The home was rebuilt for D H Dight who decided to retain its original name. It has 27 rooms including 5 bedrooms, 3 bathrooms, study, and a timber kitchen. It has cedar joinery with 15-inch skirting board with 11-foot ceilings.


''Ardersier House'' and Garden

''Ardersier House'' was built in 1871 by Singleton's first mayor Alexander Munro. He named his property Ardersier after his birthplace in Scotland. It is a 1.26 ha property located at 48 Maitland Road. In 1981 it was listed in the
National Trust The National Trust () is a heritage and nature conservation charity and membership organisation in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. The Trust was founded in 1895 by Octavia Hill, Sir Robert Hunter and Hardwicke Rawnsley to "promote the ...
. It has three
bedroom A bedroom or bedchamber is a room situated within a residential or accommodation unit characterized by its usage for sleeping. A typical Western world, western bedroom contains as bedroom furniture one or two beds, a clothes closet, and bedsid ...
s, two
bathroom A bathroom is a room in which people wash their bodies or parts thereof. It can contain one or more of the following plumbing fixtures: a shower, a bathtub, a bidet, and a sink (also known as a wash basin in the United Kingdom). A toilet is al ...
s, plus study and an
attic An attic (sometimes referred to as a '' loft'') is a space found directly below the pitched roof of a house or other building. It is also known as a ''sky parlor'' or a garret. Because they fill the space between the ceiling of a building's t ...
of two large rooms.


''Hambledon Hill''

Completed in 1865, the land was given on a free grant to brothers Edward, Henry and William Nowland in 1824. Located on 535 Hambledon Hill Road, the land is 50 acres and is currently owned by artist Dale Frank. It has 7 bedrooms and 5 bathrooms. It is a two-storey sandstock brick home on stone foundations with hipped slate roof, a deep stone paved verandah, with cast-iron balustrade and French Doors. Last sold in September 2007 for $720,000.


Population

According to the 2021 census, there were 17,018 people in the Singleton urban area. * Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 8.7% of the population. * 85.4% of people were born in Australia. The next most common countries of birth were New Zealand 2.1%, England 1.5%, Philippines 1.1% and South Africa 0.6%. * 90.3% of people spoke only English at home. * The most common responses for religion were No Religion 36.4%, Anglican 22.2%, and Catholic 21.6%.


Climate

Singleton experiences a
humid subtropical climate A humid subtropical climate is a subtropical -temperate climate type, characterized by long and hot summers, and cool to mild winters. These climates normally lie on the southeast side of all continents (except Antarctica), generally between ...
(
Köppen Köppen is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Bernd Köppen (1951–2014), German pianist and composer * Carl Köppen (1833-1907), German military advisor in Meiji era Japan * Edlef Köppen (1893–1939), German author ...
: ''Cfa'', Trewartha: ''Cfal''), with hot summers and mild winters, and with a moderately low precipitation amount of 652.7 millimetres (25.71 in). Precipitation is more abundant during the summer, as the town is affected by foehn winds during winter and spring. The highest temperature recorded at Singleton was 43.6 °C (110.5 °F) on 15 January 2001; the lowest recorded was –4.2 °C (24.4 °F) on 16 August 1994.


Transport

The town is located at the junction of the
New England Highway New England Highway is an long highway in Australia running from Yarraman, Queensland, Yarraman, north of Toowoomba, Queensland, at its northern end to Hexham, New South Wales, Hexham at Newcastle, New South Wales, Newcastle, New South Wales, ...
and Putty Road. The
Golden Highway Golden Highway (also known as Mitchells Line of Road at its eastern end) is a highway, located in the Hunter and Orana regions of New South Wales, Australia. It runs eastwards from Dubbo towards Newcastle on the coast, allowing road transpo ...
branches northwest from the New England Highway ten kilometres south of Singleton. Construction of a bypass of the New England Highway commenced in July 2024. Singleton is served by local and long-distance
NSW TrainLink NSW TrainLink is a regional train and coach operator in Australia, providing services throughout New South Wales and into Australian Capital Territory, the Australian Capital Territory, Victoria (state), Victoria, Queensland and South Australia ...
rail services. Singleton railway station on the Main Northern railway line is located at the southern end of the town centre. There are also local CDC NSW bus services.


Economy

Major industries near Singleton include
coal mining Coal mining is the process of resource extraction, extracting coal from the ground or from a mine. Coal is valued for its Energy value of coal, energy content and since the 1880s has been widely used to Electricity generation, generate electr ...
,
electricity generation Electricity generation is the process of generating electric power from sources of primary energy. For electric utility, utilities in the electric power industry, it is the stage prior to its Electricity delivery, delivery (Electric power transm ...
, light industry,
vineyards A vineyard ( , ) is a plantation of grape-bearing vines. Many vineyards exist for winemaking; others for the production of raisins, table grapes, and non-alcoholic grape juice. The science, practice and study of vineyard production is kno ...
, horse breeding and
cattle Cattle (''Bos taurus'') are large, domesticated, bovid ungulates widely kept as livestock. They are prominent modern members of the subfamily Bovinae and the most widespread species of the genus '' Bos''. Mature female cattle are calle ...
production. Dairying was once a mainstay in the area, but has declined. The largest employment industry is coal mining, which employs 24 percent of the town's workforce. Defence is the second largest employer with almost 4 percent of the workforce. Lone Pine Barracks is located south of Singleton.


Media


Print

'' The Singleton Argus'' is a bi-weekly newspaper which was established in 1874. It is currently owned and published by
Australian Community Media Australian Community Media (ACM) is a media company in Australia responsible for over 160 regional publications. Its mastheads include the '' Canberra Times'', '' Newcastle Herald'', '' The Examiner'', '' The Border Mail'', '' The Courier'' an ...
. The weekly newspaper that serves Singleton and the Hunter Valley is ''The Hunter Valley News'', which, along with the '' Newcastle Herald'' newspaper (daily, except Sundays), is published by Australian Community Media. The Hunter River Times was established in 2020 and provides news for the surrounding Singleton area.


Radio

Radio stations serving both Newcastle and the Hunter Valley can be received in Singleton.


Television

Singleton is part of the
Newcastle Newcastle usually refers to: *Newcastle upon Tyne, a city and metropolitan borough in Tyne and Wear, England, United Kingdom *Newcastle-under-Lyme, a town in Staffordshire, England, United Kingdom *Newcastle, New South Wales, a metropolitan area ...
Hunter Region The Hunter Region, also commonly known as the Hunter Valley, Newcastle Region, or simply Hunter, spans the region in northern New South Wales, Australia, extending from approximately to north of Sydney. It contains the Hunter River (New Sout ...
television market, which is served by 5 television networks, three commercial and two national services (which include new sub-channels that started in 2009 for the commercial networks and in recent years from the national services).


Tourism

* Sundial. Singleton is home to one of the world's largest
sundial A sundial is a horology, horological device that tells the time of day (referred to as civil time in modern usage) when direct sunlight shines by the position of the Sun, apparent position of the Sun in the sky. In the narrowest sense of the ...
s, presented by a local coal mine for the 1988 Bicentennial Celebrations. * Wineries. The town is close to the famous Pokolbin wine region (southeast). There are also many wineries in the shire, especially around Broke. * Boating. Lake St Clair is an artificial lake located to the north of the town, with facilities for boating and camping. * National Parks. Wollemi and Yengo National Parks are located south of the town via the Putty Road. Barrington Tops National Park borders the north of the shire. * Museums. Singleton has three main museums, the Singleton Historic Society Museum in Burdekin Park, the
Royal Australian Infantry Corps The Royal Australian Infantry Corps (RA Inf) is the parent corps for all infantry regiments of the Australian Army. It was established on 14 December 1948, with its Royal Corps status being conferred by His Majesty King George VI. At her corona ...
Museum at the nearby barracks and the Mercy Convent Museum 'Sacred Spaces' within the grounds of the Convent of the Sisters of Mercy (Singleton). File:SingletonBuilding0003.jpg, St Patrick's Catholic Church, Queen Street File:1 Convent of Mercy1.jpg, Convent of the
Sisters of Mercy The Sisters of Mercy is a religious institute for women in the Catholic Church. It was founded in 1831 in Dublin, Ireland, by Catherine McAuley. In 2019, the institute had about 6,200 Religious sister, sisters worldwide, organized into a number ...
File:SingletonBuilding0001.jpg, St Catherine's College File:BaiameCaveBulga0003.jpg, Aboriginal painting, Baiame Cave, Milbrodale


Heritage listings

Singleton has a number of heritage-listed sites, including: * 25 Dangar Road: Singleton District Hospital * 25–27 George Street: Singleton Post Office * 88 George Street:
Ewbank Ewbank is a brand of cleaning products founded in the United Kingdom in 1864. Originally owned by Entwisle and Kenyon Ltd, then by Earlex Ltd. History In 1864, Ewbank was founded in Accrington, Lancashire, by John Ramsbottom and George Hacking. ...
* Main Northern railway: Singleton railway station * Queen Street: St Patrick's Roman Catholic Church Cemetery


Education

Singleton is home to a number of educational facilities. These include schools operated by NSW Department of Education and two non-government schools at both Primary and Secondary levels; as well as a TAFE campus, Singleton Community College and a number of pre-schools. St Catherine's Catholic College provides classes from kindergarten to year 12, while Australian Christian College has classes from pre-kindergarten to year 12. Schools operated by NSW Department of Education include: * Broke Public School * Jerrys Plains Public School * King Street Public School * Milbrodale Public School * Kirkton Public School * Mount Pleasant Public School * Singleton Heights Public School * Singleton Public School * Singleton High School Hunter Institute of TAFE operates a campus in Singleton. It provides training and further education as well as collaborating with secondary schools for students completing Senior years.


Notable people

* Joseph Burnettborn in Singleton in 1899 and is best known as the Captain of the ill-fated , which was lost on 19 November 1941 in a battle with German auxiliary cruiser ''Kormoran'' * Charles Duttona Queensland politician and great-great grandfather of Peter Dutton was born in Singleton * Dale Frankan artist, was born and currently lives in Singleton * Carl Heinewas born in Singleton, missionary in the Marshall Islands, executed in April 1944 by Japanese authorities * Kerrod Hollanda
rugby league Rugby league football, commonly known as rugby league in English-speaking countries and rugby 13/XIII in non-Anglophone Europe, is a contact sport, full-contact sport played by two teams of thirteen players on a rectangular Rugby league playin ...
player * Joy McKeanan Australian country music matriarch, was born in Singleton in 1930 *
Cherie Nowlan Cherie Nowlan (born Singleton, New South Wales, Australia)
a television and film producer, was born in Singleton, best known for directing the 1997 film '' Thank God He Met Lizzie'' * Toby Pricethe 2016 Dakar Rally champion lives in Singleton * Wendy Richardson a playwright, was born in Singleton in 1933 * Sean Ruddera rugby league player * Josh Valentinea
rugby union Rugby union football, commonly known simply as rugby union in English-speaking countries and rugby 15/XV in non-English-speaking world, Anglophone Europe, or often just rugby, is a Contact sport#Terminology, close-contact team sport that orig ...
player * Sir Charles Wadea former
premier of New South Wales The premier of New South Wales is the head of government in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The Government of New South Wales follows the Westminster system, Westminster Parliamentary System, with a Parliament of New South Wales actin ...
, serving from 1907 to 1910, was born in Singleton * Jimmy Crutea professional mixed martial artist signed to the UFC, was born in Singleton


Sister city

- Takahata, Yamagata, Japan


See also

* List of world's largest roadside attractions


References


External links

*
Singleton Shire Council

Tourist guide for Singleton - Visit NSW
{{authority control Suburbs of Singleton Council Towns in the Hunter Region Hunter River (New South Wales)