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Sighnaghi ( ka, სიღნაღის მუნიციპალიტეტი) is an administrative-territorial unit in eastern
Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the Southeast United States Georgia may also refer to: Places Historical states and entities * Related to the ...
,
Kakheti Kakheti ( ka, კახეთი ''K’akheti''; ) is a region (mkhare) formed in the 1990s in eastern Georgia from the historical province of Kakheti and the small, mountainous province of Tusheti. Telavi is its capital. The region comprises eigh ...
region. The municipality borders the municipalities of
Gurjaani Gurjaani ( ka, გურჯაანი) is a town in Kakheti, a region in eastern Georgia, and the seat of the Gurjaani Municipality. It is located in the Alazani River Plain, at an elevation of 415 m above sea level. Gurjaani is first recorded ...
and
Sagarejo Sagarejo ( ka, საგარეჯო) is a town in Kakheti, Georgia. It is situated east of Georgia's capital, Tbilisi, and has the population of 10,871 (2014 census). It serves as an administrative center of the Sagarejo district. The town is ...
to the northwest and west, the municipality of Dedoplistskaro to the southeast and the municipality of
Lagodekhi Lagodekhi ( ka, ლაგოდეხი) is a town, located at the foot of the Greater Caucasus mountains between the rivers Lagodekhiskhevi and Shromiskhevi, in the historical region of Hereti (now part of Kakheti). Lagodekhi has a number of ...
and the Republic of
Azerbaijan Azerbaijan (, ; az, Azərbaycan ), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, , also sometimes officially called the Azerbaijan Republic is a transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is a part of th ...
to the north and northeast. The area is 1251.7 km². Agricultural fields occupy 93,375 ha, and forest resources amount to 5,500 ha.


History

Until 1917, Sighnaghi municipality was called Sighnaghi Mazra; from 1928, the municipality was part of Kakheti Mazra, and from 1929 it was included in Kakheti District. Since 1930, it has been formed as a separate district. On July 9, 1938, according to the resolution of the Supreme Council of the Georgian SSR, the Sighnaghi district was separated from Tsiteltskaro district, and the remaining district was divided into the following rural councils:
Sighnaghi Signagi or Sighnaghi ( ka, სიღნაღი) is a town in Georgia's easternmost region of Kakheti and the administrative center of the Signagi Municipality. Although it is one of Georgia's smallest towns, Signagi serves as a popular tourist ...
(district centre), Anaga, Vakiri, Sakobo, Bodbis-Khevi, Kvemo-Machkhaani, Jugaani, Tibaani, Nukriani, Magharo, Bodbe and Ulyanovka. From 1963-1964, Tsiteltskaro district again joined to Sighnaghi district, and from 1965 it was again separated as a separate unit of Dedoplistskaro district. Based on then-President
Mikheil Saakashvili Mikheil Saakashvili ( ka, მიხეილ სააკაშვილი ; uk, Міхеіл Саакашвілі ; born 21 December 1967) is a Georgian and Ukrainian politician and jurist.
's Order No. 2304 of December 16, 2005, the districts of Georgia were reorganized, resulting from which the existing districts were changed into municipalities. LEPL Sighnaghi Municipality was registered as a payer (ID 240417223) is December 21, 2006, and the date of registration was June 18, 2007. Sighnaghi is a municipality located in the Kakheti region. It is determined by archeological excavations that this area played an important role since the Paleolithic, Neolithic and Bronze Ages. The territory of Sighnaghi district was formerly known as Kambechovani, and later it was called Kiziki. After the recognition of Christianity as the state religion in Georgia, this side acquired great importance. St. Nino was executed and buried here. Sighnaghi is a word of Turkish origin and means shelter.


Administrative divisions and sattlements

Municipality of Sighnaghi is a unification of settlements with administrative borders and an administrative centre - the city of Sighnaghi. Sighnaghi municipality has an elected representative body (council) and an executive body (town hall). The municipality has a registered population and its own property, budget, and income. The municipality is a legal entity under public law. The municipality council and mayor of Sighnaghi municipality are elected for four years. The last elections were held in 2021.


Settlements

The municipality is divided into the independent cities of Sighnaghi and Tsnori as well as 12 municipalities (Georgian temi, თემი or simply "village", Georgian sopeli, სოფელი): *
Vaqiri Vaqiri (or ''Vakiri'') is a village in the country of Georgia, in the region of Kakheti, Signagi Signagi or Sighnaghi ( ka, სიღნაღი) is a town in Georgia's easternmost region of Kakheti and the administrative center of the Sig ...
* Bodbe * Sakobo * Kvemo Machkhani * Jugaani * Anaga * Bodbiskhevi * Iliatsminda * Magharo * Nukriani * Tibaani * Old Anaga


Geography and climate

Sighnaghi Municipality is located in
Eastern Georgia Eastern Georgia ( ka, აღმოსავლეთ საქართველო, ''aghmosavlet' sak'art'velo'') is a geographic area encompassing the territory of the Caucasian nation of Georgia to the east and south of the Likhi and Meskhet ...
, in the Kakheti region. Its administrative center is the city of Sighnaghi. The municipality is bordered by
Gurjaani Municipality Gurjaani ( ka, გურჯაანის მუნიციპალიტეტი, ''Gurjaanis municiṗaliṫeṫi'') is an administrative-territorial unit in eastern Georgia, Kakheti region. Until 1917, the territory of Gurjaani municipal ...
and
Sagarejo Municipality Sagarejo ( ka, საგარეჯოს მუნიციპალიტეტი) is a municipality of Georgia, in the region of Kakheti. Its main town is Sagarejo. Population: 51,761 (2014 census) Area: 1491 km2 History In the 17th ...
municipalities to the northwest and west,
Dedoplistskaro Municipality Dedoplistskaro or Dedoplistsqaro ( ka, დედოფლისწყაროს მუნიციპალიტეტი, 'Queen's spring') is a municipality of Georgia, in the region of Kakheti. Dedoplistskaro municipality is bordered on th ...
to the southeast,
Lagodekhi Municipality Lagodekhi ( ka, ლაგოდეხის მუნიციპალიტეტი) is the administrative-territorial unit in Eastern Georgia (country), Georgia, in the Kakheti region. It is bordered by the Republic of Azerbaijan to the east, ...
to the north and northeast, and the
Republic of Azerbaijan A republic () is a "state in which power rests with the people or their representatives; specifically a state without a monarchy" and also a "government, or system of government, of such a state." Previously, especially in the 17th and 18th ...
. A large part of Sighnaghi municipality is occupied by the
Iori Plateau The Iori Plateau ( ka, ივრის ზეგანი, ''ivris zegani''), also known as Gare-Kakheti Plateau (გარე კახეთის ზეგანი, ''gare kakhet'is zegani'') is a plateau between the Kura and Alazani rivers in ...
. A small part of Gombori ridge also enters its territory. The highest mountain in the Gombori ridge within the municipality is Choporti (1087 m). Sighnaghi lacks a hydrographic network. There are mostly periodic rivers here. We must distinguish two rivers, the
Alazani The Alazani ( ka, ალაზანი, az, Qanıx) is a river that flows through the Caucasus. It is the main tributary of the Kura in eastern Georgia, and flows for . Part of its path forms the border between Georgia and Azerbaijan, before it ...
and the Iori. Thorn bushes are spread on Iori highland. In the southern part of the Iori Plateau, we find the bush saltwort, from which soda is extracted. There are floodplain forests along the banks of the river Iori: Tsnori, floodplain poplar, Ialghuni, etc. Oak and hornbeam are noteworthy in the forests of Gombori ridge. There are several types of climate in the territory of Sighnaghi municipality. The Iori plateau has a moderately humid steppe climate, with hot summers and cold winters. The Alazani plain has a moderately humid climate, where the winters are moderately cold and the summers are hot. The Gombori ridge has a moderately humid and moderately warm climate with cold winters and long warm summers. The average annual air temperature ranges from to .


Politics

Sighnaghi Municipal Assembly (
Georgian Georgian may refer to: Common meanings * Anything related to, or originating from Georgia (country) ** Georgians, an indigenous Caucasian ethnic group ** Georgian language, a Kartvelian language spoken by Georgians **Georgian scripts, three scrip ...
: სიღნაღის საკრებულო) is a representative body in Sighnaghi Municipality. currently consisting of 27 members. The council is assembled into session regularly, to consider subject matters such as code changes, utilities, taxes, city budget, oversight of city government and more. Sighnaghi sakrebulo is elected every four years. The last election was held in October 2017.


Education

Twenty public schools are operating in the territory of Sighnaghi municipality, and one of the mentioned schools is located in the territory of Sighnaghi city. 3 non-state (private) educational institutions operate in the territory of the municipality. Among them - 2 are located in the city of Sighnaghi: "Intellecti" LLC and "Etaloni 2015" LLC. Third - "Progressi 010" LLC is located in the village of Sakobo. There are also 24 preschools (kindergartens) educational institutions operating in the territory of Sighnaghi municipality.


Culture

There is a
theatre Theatre or theater is a collaborative form of performing art that uses live performers, usually actors or actresses, to present the experience of a real or imagined event before a live audience in a specific place, often a stage. The perform ...
operating in the city of Sighnaghi; its history dates back to 1872.ხელოვნება და კულტურა
/ref> NNLE Culture and Art centre has been created in the municipality, where 13 municipal culture centres are united. Twenty libraries operate in the municipality, including children's libraries. A historical-ethnographic museum functions in the city of Sighnaghi. The house museum of Vano Sarajishvili operates in Sighnaghi city. One can visit the memorial museum of the self-taught artist and composer Sandro Mirianashvili in the city of Sighnaghi. The museum was opened in 1998. The museum of
Sandro Akhmeteli Sandro Akhmeteli ( ka, სანდრო ახმეტელი; real name: Aleksandre Akhmetelashvili, ალექსანდრე ახმეტელაშვილი) (April 13, 1886 – June 27, 1937) was a Georgian theater director wh ...
, one of the founders of modern Georgian theatre, is operating in the village of Anaga. The director's memorial items, existing ethnographic material, and works of fine art are preserved in the museum. The house museum of the Georgian writer Irodion Evdoshvili operates in the village of Bodbishkhevi. Memorial items of the writer and existing ethnographic material are preserved in the museum, including paintings, photographs and documentary material, and collections from different periods. The house-museum of the national hero of Italy
Pore Mosulishvili Pore Mosulishvili (; ka, ფორე მოსულიშვილი; russian: Христофор Николаевич Мосулишвили, italic=yes, ''Khristophor Nikolaievich Mosulishvili''; it, Pore Mossulishvili; July 20, 1916 – De ...
, is open for visitors in the village of Kvemo Machkhaani. One can see Pore Mosulishvili's memorial items, medals, orders, albums, ethnographic items, photos, documents and others in the museum. The house museum of the Georgian writer and dramatist
Sandro Shanshiashvili Sandro Shanshiashvili ( ka, სანდრო შანშიაშვილი, 1888-1979) was a Georgian poet and playwright. Shanshiashvili was born in the small village Jugaani near Sighnaghi (then part of the Russian Empire). In the 1900s, he ...
operates in the village of Jugaani. The museum preserves his personal belongings, historical and ethnographic material, including a piano donated by Zakaria Paliashvili, and material depicting the poet's life and work. The memorial museum of the famous Georgian actor Vaso Godziashvili is inviting visitors to the village of Vakiri. Vaso Godziashvili's memorial items, historical and ethnographic material, works of fine art, documentary and photo material, costumes for plays, books about the actor's life and work, theatrical sketches, and models are preserved in the museum. The house museum of the famous Georgian scientist, professor, surgeon and
urologist Urology (from Greek οὖρον ''ouron'' "urine" and ''-logia'' "study of"), also known as genitourinary surgery, is the branch of medicine that focuses on surgical and medical diseases of the urinary-tract system and the reproductive organ ...
Alexander Gzirishvili operates in the village of Vakiri. His personal belongings, ethnographic material, photographs and documentary material depicting the scientist's life and work are preserved in the museum. There is the memorial museum of the Georgian writer, poet and dramatist Ilo Mosashvili in the village of Vakiri. The museum preserves
Ilo Mosashvili Ilo Onysymovych Mosashvili ( ka, სახელად ხალხი; 7 January 1896 – 4 August 1954) was a Georgian and Soviet writer, playwright and translator. Life Ilo Mosashvili was born in Chargali village, now in Dusheti municipality, ...
's memorial items, historical and ethnographic material, and photo and documentary material depicting the life and work of the writer.


Festivals and public holidays


Sport

There are 22 sports sections operating in Sighnaghi municipality: football, wrestling-judo, Georgian wrestling, Greco-Roman wrestling, power triathlon, boxing, kickboxing, basketball, rugby, chess. There are 4 sports sections in the city of Sighnaghi: football, chess, boxing, power triathlon, and 18 sections operate in the territory of the rest of municipality.


Economy

The main part of the population is employed in
agriculture Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people to ...
. Viticulture, animal husbandry, poultry farming, etc. are developed in the municipality. There are several
wineries A winery is a building or property that produces wine, or a business involved in the production of wine, such as a wine company. Some wine companies own many wineries. Besides wine making equipment, larger wineries may also feature warehouses, b ...
. Agricultural fields occupy 90 thousand ha, of which 40 thousand ha are arable and 50 thousand ha are pastures


Tourism and historical sites


Nature

*
Iori Managed Reserve , iucn_category = IV , photo = მდინარე იორი (G.N. 2012).jpg , photo_alt = , photo_caption = Iori river , photo_width = , map = Georgia#Georgia Kakheti , relief = yes , location = , nearest_city = , map_alt = , ...
* Kilakupra mud volcanoes


Cultural monuments

*
Bodbe Monastery The Monastery of St. Nino at Bodbe ( ka, ბოდბის წმინდა ნინოს მონასტერი, ''bodbis ts’minda Ninos monasteri'') is a Georgian Orthodox monastic complex and the seat of the Bishops of Bodbe locate ...
* Khirsa Monastery * Sabereebi * Church of St. John the Baptist in Vaqiri


Notable people


Twin towns – sister Municipalities

* Khadrak (
Spain , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , i ...
) *
Malbork Malbork; ; * la, Mariaeburgum, ''Mariae castrum'', ''Marianopolis'', ''Civitas Beatae Virginis'' * Kashubian: ''Malbórg'' * Old Prussian: ''Algemin'' is a town in the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland. It is the seat of Malbork County and has a ...
(
Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous ...
) * Chateauneuf (
France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...
) *
Greiz Greiz () is a town in the state of Thuringia, Germany, and is the capital of the district of Greiz. Greiz is situated in eastern Thuringia, east of state capital Jena, on the river ''White Elster''. Greiz has a large park in its center (Fürstl ...
(
Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
) * Ortahisar (
Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...
)დაძმობილებული ქალაქები
/ref>


See also

*
List of municipalities in Georgia (country) A municipality ( ka, მუნიციპალიტეტი, tr) is a subdivision of Georgia (country), Georgia, consisting of a settlement or a group of settlements (Community (administrative division), community, თემი, ''temi''), wh ...


References


External links


Districts of Georgia
Statoids.com {{coord, 41, 36, 55, N, 45, 54, 46, E, region:GE_type:adm2nd_source:kolossus-itwiki, display=title Municipalities of Kakheti