Shiban (Sheiban) or Shayban ( mn, Шибан, ''Shiban'', also spelled ''Siban''; uz, Shaybon / Шайбон) was a prince of the early
Golden Horde. He was a grandson of
Genghis Khan
''Chinggis Khaan'' ͡ʃʰiŋɡɪs xaːŋbr />Mongol script: ''Chinggis Qa(gh)an/ Chinggis Khagan''
, birth_name = Temüjin
, successor = Tolui (as regent)Ögedei Khan
, spouse =
, issue =
, house = Borjigin
, ...
, the fifth son of
Jochi and a younger brother of
Batu Khan who founded the Golden Horde. His descendants were the
Shaybanids who became important about two centuries later.
Mongol invasion of Europe
Shiban participated the
Mongol invasion of Europe and made a decisive attack on the army of
Béla IV at the
Battle of Mohi in 1241.
Territorial grants by the Golden Horde
Because he had not reached his majority when his father died in 1227, he did not receive any lands at that time.
Abulghazi says that after this campaign,
Batu gave Shiban lands east of the
Ural Mountains on the lower parts of the
Syr Darya
The Syr Darya (, ),, , ; rus, Сырдарья́, Syrdarjja, p=sɨrdɐˈrʲja; fa, سيردريا, Sirdaryâ; tg, Сирдарё, Sirdaryo; tr, Seyhun, Siri Derya; ar, سيحون, Seyḥūn; uz, Sirdaryo, script-Latn/. historically known ...
,
Chu River, and
Sary su River
The Sarysu ( kk, Сарысу, ''Sarysu''; russian: Сарысу́, ''Sarysu'') is a river in Karaganda, Turkistan and Kyzylorda Regions of Kazakhstan. It is long, and has a drainage basin of .
The name ''sary su'' means ''yellow water'' in T ...
s as winter quarters and the lands of the
Ural River flowing off the east side of the Urals, as summer quarters. Shiban was also given 15,000 families as a gift from his brother
Orda Khan, as well as the four ''Uruks'' of the Kuchis, the
Naimans, the
Karluks, and the Buiruks, while he assigned him as a camping ground all the country lying between that of his brother Orda Ichin and his own. Thus Shiban's lands were somewhat between Batu's and Orda's and between the Ural mountains and the Caspian Sea.
Descendants
Although it is unknown how long he lived, his descendants continued to rule long after the breakup of the
Ulus of Jochi
The Golden Horde, self-designated as Ulug Ulus, 'Great State' in Turkic, was originally a Mongol and later Turkicized khanate established in the 13th century and originating as the northwestern sector of the Mongol Empire. With the fragmentati ...
(Golden Horde). It is merely said that he left twelve sons, namely Bainal or Yasal, Behadur, Kadak, Balagha, Cherik or Jerik, Mergen or Surkhan, Kurtugha or
Kultuka, Ayachi or Abaji, Sailghan or Sasiltan, Beyanjar or Bayakachar,
Majar, and Kunchi or Kuwinji. Shiban's descendants are known as the
Shaybanids; his male line continues down to the present time.
One of Shiban's sons, Balagha
Bey (Prince Balagha) assisted
Hulagu Khan in taking
Baghdad in 1258. However, he died in unknown circumstances. According to
William of Rubruck, he killed his cousin
Güyük Khan in a violent brawl.
A number of Shiban's descendants ascended the throne of the
Golden Horde after the extinction of the line of
Batu in 1359, including the thrones of the Golden Horde's successor states, like the
Khanate of Sibir and the
Uzbek Khanate. Two sets of Shiban's descendants established themselves in Central Asia, founding the Khanates of
Transoxiana (later
Bukhara
Bukhara (Uzbek language, Uzbek: /, ; tg, Бухоро, ) is the List of cities in Uzbekistan, seventh-largest city in Uzbekistan, with a population of 280,187 , and the capital of Bukhara Region.
People have inhabited the region around Bukhara ...
) and Khwarazm (later
Khiva
Khiva ( uz, Xiva/, خىۋا; fa, خیوه, ; alternative or historical names include ''Kheeva'', ''Khorasam'', ''Khoresm'', ''Khwarezm'', ''Khwarizm'', ''Khwarazm'', ''Chorezm'', ar, خوارزم and fa, خوارزم) is a district-level city ...
).
The following is a simplified line of descent to these rulers; generations start with Shiban (as 0); "Grey Horde" (following information in Ötemiš-Ḥājjī) designates the Ulus of Shiban in Bashkiria, but both the designation and the succession are somewhat tentative. For the sake of accuracy and consistency, the names, which are found in a bewildering and inconsistent number of variations, are given below in the Perso-Arabic orthography of the major genealogical sources, the ''Muʿizz al-ansāb'' and the ''Tawārīḫ-i guzīdah-i nuṣrat-nāmah'', in the standard scholarly transcription used in English-language scholarship (e.g., Bosworth 1996).
0 Shiban, 1st khan of the Grey Horde (d. 1248)
* 1 Bahadur, 2nd khan of the Grey Horde (d. c. 1280)
** 2 Jochi-Buqa, 3rd khan of the Grey Horde (d. c. 1310)
*** 3 Bada-Qul, 4th khan of the Grey Horde
**** 4 Ming-Timur, 5th khan of the Grey Horde
***** 5 Pūlād (
Khayr-Pūlād), 6th khan of the Grey Horde, later Golden Horde 1362-1365
****** 6 Ibrāhīm, 7th khan of the Grey Horde
******* 7 Khiḍr, 1st
Uzbek khan and
Sibir 1428-1429
******* 7 Dawlat-Shaykh
******** 8
Abu'l-Khayr, 2nd Uzbek khan 1429-1469; of Sibir 1429-1431; of
Khwarazm 1462-1464
********* 9 Shāh-Būdāq
********** 10
Shāh-Bakht Muḥammad (Muḥammad Shaybānī), 1st Shaybanid khan of
Transoxiana 1500-1510
*********** 11 Khurram-Shāh of
Balkh
), named for its green-tiled ''Gonbad'' ( prs, گُنبَد, dome), in July 2001
, pushpin_map=Afghanistan#Bactria#West Asia
, pushpin_relief=yes
, pushpin_label_position=bottom
, pushpin_mapsize=300
, pushpin_map_caption=Location in Afghanistan ...
(d. 1511)
*********** 11 Suyūnch-Muḥammad
************ 12 Yār-Muḥammad of
Bukhara
Bukhara (Uzbek language, Uzbek: /, ; tg, Бухоро, ) is the List of cities in Uzbekistan, seventh-largest city in Uzbekistan, with a population of 280,187 , and the capital of Bukhara Region.
People have inhabited the region around Bukhara ...
(d. 1554)
*********** 11 Muḥammad-Tīmūr of
Samarqand (d. 1514)
********** 10 Maḥmūd-Shāh
*********** 11 ʿUbaydallāh, 4th khan of Transoxiana 1533-1540
************ 12 ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz of Bukhara, 7th khan of
Khwarazm 1539-1540 (d. 1549)
************ 12 Muḥammad-Raḥīm
************* 13 Burkhān-Sulṭān of Bukhara (d. 1557)
********* 9 Shaykh-Ḥaydar, 4th Uzbek khan 1472-1473
********** 10 Khush-Ḥaydar, 5th Uzbek khan 1473
********* 9 Sayyid-Bābā, 6th Uzbek khan 1473-1480
********* 9
Kūchkūnchī-Muḥammad, 2nd khan of Transoxiana 1512-1530
********** 10 Abū-Saʿīd, 3rd khan of Transoxiana 1530-1533
*********** 11 Sulṭān-Saʿīd of Samarqand (d. 1572)
*********** 11 Jawānmard-ʿAlī of Samarqand (d. 1578)
************ 12 Abu'l-Khayr of Samarqand (d. 1578)
********** 10 ʿAbdallāh I, 5th khan of Transoxiana 1540
********** 10 ʿAbd al-Laṭīf, 6th khan of Transoxiana 1540-1552
*********** 11 Muḥammad-Ibrāhīm (Gadāy) of Samarqand (d. after 1568)
********* 9 Suyūnchuk-Khwājah of
Tashkent (d. 1525)
********** 10 Kīldī-Muḥammad of Tashkent (d. 1532)
********** 10 Nawrūz-Aḥmad (Barāq), 7th khan of Transoxiana 1552-1556
*********** 11 Darwīsh of Tashkent (d. 1578)
*********** 11 Bābā-Sulṭān of Samarqand and Tashkent (d. 1582)
********* 9 Khwājah-Muḥammad
********** 10 Jānī-Beg
*********** 11 Kīstan-Qarā of Balkh (d. 1544)
************ 12 Qīlīch-Qarā of Balkh (d. after 1546)
*********** 11 Pīr-Muḥammad I, 8th khan of Transoxiana 1556-1561 (d. 1567)
************ 12 Dīn-Muḥammad of Balkh (d. 1578)
*********** 11 Iskandar, 9th khan of Transoxiana 1561-1583
************ 12
ʿAbdallāh II, 10th khan of Transoxiana 1583-1598
************* 13 ʿAbd al-Muʾmin, 11th khan of Transoxiana 1598
************ 12 ʿIbād-Allāh of Samarqand (d. 1585)
************* 13 Yādigār of Samarqand (d. by 1598)
************* 13 ʿAbd al-Amīn of Balkh (d. 1600)
************ 12 Dūst-Muḥammad (Dūstūm) of Tashkent (d. 1586)
************ 12 Zihr-bānū Begum, married Jānī-Muḥammad b. Yār-Muḥammad, Ashtarkhanid khan of Transoxiana 1600-1603
*********** 11 Rustam
************ 12 Ūz-Beg of Tashkent (d. 1598)
************* 13 Khazārā (d. 1598)
*********** 11 Sulaymān
************ 12 Pīr-Muḥammad II, 12th khan of Transoxiana 1598-1599
************ 12 Maḥmūd-Sulṭān
************* 13 ʿUbaydallāh of Balkh (d. 1605)
********** 10 Būbāy
*********** 11 Kipak
************ 12 Muḥammad-Ibrāhīm of Balkh (d. 1601)
************ 12 Sayyid-Muḥammad
************* 13 Sayyid-Jahāngīr of Tashkent (d. after 1601)
****** 6
ʿArab-Shāh, 8th khan of the Grey Horde, later Golden Horde (d. after 1380)
******* 7 Tūqluq-Ḥājjī, 9th khan of the Grey Horde
******** 8 Tīmūr-Shaykh
********* 9 Yādigār, 3rd Uzbek khan 1469-1472
********** 10 Barkā (d. c. 1482)
*********** 11 Īlbārs I, 1st Shaybanid khan of
Khwarazm 1512-1518
********** 10 Balbārs
*********** 11 ''Sulṭān-Ḥājjī'', 2nd khan of Khwarazm 1518-1519
********** 10 Abūlaq
*********** 11 Ḥasan-Qulī (Ḥusayn-Qulī), 3rd khan of Khwarazm 1519-1524
********** 10 Amīnaq
*********** 11 Ṣufiyān, 4th khan of Khwarazm 1524-1535
************ 12 Yūnus, 11th khan of Khwarazm 1556-1557
*********** 11 Buchugha, 5th khan of Khwarazm 1535-1537
************ 12 Dūst-Muḥammad, 12th khan of Khwarazm 1557-1558
*********** 11 Awānish, 6th khan of Khwarazm 1537-1539
************ 12 Dīn-Muḥammad, 8th khan of Khwarazm 1540
*********** 11 Qāl, 9th khan of Khwarazm 1540-1549
*********** 11 Aqāṭāy, 10th khan of Khwarazm 1549-1556
************ 12 Ḥājjī-Muḥammad I, 13th khan of Khwarazm 1558-1592, 1593-1595, 1598-1602
************* 13 ʿArab-Muḥammad, 14th khan of Khwarazm 1602-1621 (d. 1622)
************** 14 Ḥabash, 15th (co-)khan of Khwarazm 1621-1623 (at Urgench)
************** 14 Īlbārs II, 15th (co-)khan of Khwarazm 1621-1623 (at Khiva)
************** 14 Isfandiyār, 16th khan of Khwarazm 1623-1642
************** 14
Abū'l-Ghāzī I, 17th khan of Khwarazm 1642-1663 (d. 1664)
*************** 15 Anūshā-Muḥammad, 18th khan of Khwarazm 1663-1685
**************** 16 Khudādād, 19th khan of Khwarazm 1685-1688
**************** 16 Muḥammad-Ārang, 20th khan of Khwarazm 1688-1690 (the descent of the 21st-33rd khans is unclear)
**************** 16 Yādigār-Muḥammad, 34th khan of Khwarazm 1712-1713 (d. 1714) (the descent of subsequent khans is unclear)
************ 12 Pūlād
************* 13 Bābā-Sulṭān (d. 1595)
********** 10 Abūqāy (d. c. 1535)
*********** 11 Ismāʿīl (d. 1545)
***** 5 Beg-Qundī
****** 6 Ḥasan-Beg of the Golden Horde 1368-1369 (d. after 1376)
****** 6 ʿAlī
******* 7
Ḥājjī-Muḥammad of
Sibir 1419-1421, of the Golden Horde 1419-1423
******** 8 Maḥmūd (Maḥmūdāq) of Sibir 1431-1464
********* 9
Ibrāhīm (Ibāq) of Sibir by 1473-1495
********** 10 Kūlūk-Sulṭān of Sibir 1502-1511
*********** 11 Jagīr of Sibir 1511-by 1530
*********** 11 Murtaḍā
************ 12 Aḥmad Girāy of Sibir 1563
************ 12
Qūchūm of Sibir 1563-1598 (d. 1600)
************* 13 ʿAlī of Sibir 1598-1608 (d. 1647)
************** 14
Arslān of
Kasimov 1614-1627, married
Fāṭima-Sulṭān of Kasimov 1679-1681
*************** 15
Sayyid-Burhān of Kasimov 1627-1679
************* 13 Īsh-Muḥammad (Īshīm) of Sibir 1608-1625
************** 14 Abūlī Girāy of Sibir 1625-1636 (d. 1650)
************* 13 Chuwāq
************** 14 Dawlat Girāy of Sibir 1636-1659
********* 9
Muḥammad (Mamūq) of Sibir 1495-1497; Kazan 1495-1496 (d. 1502)
********** 10 Aghlāq of Sibir 1497-1502
******** 8 Sayyid-Aḥmad (Sayyidāq) of Sibir 1464-after 1468
***** 5
Īl-Beg of the Golden Horde 1373-1374
****** 6
Qāghān-Beg of the Golden Horde 1375-1377 (d. after 1380)
******* 7 Maḥmūd-Khwāja of Sibir and the Golden Horde 1428-1430
***** 5 Suyūnch-Tīmūr
****** 6 Suyūnch-Bāy
******* 7 Bābā
******** 8 Ṣūfī
********* 9 Jūmādaq of Sibir 1426-1428
* 1 Salghan
** 2 Qutluq-Tīmūr
*** 3 Būrāldāy
**** 4 Balīq
***** 5 Tūn-Khwāja
****** 6
ʿAzīz-Shaykh of the Golden Horde 1364-1367
* 1 Qadaq
** 2 Töle-Buqa
*** 3 Mangqutai
**** 4
Khiḍr Khan
Khiḍr Khan (Maḥmūd Ḫiḍr Ḫān) (''Hidyr'' or Khidyr', modern ''Hyzr'' or Khyzr in Russian texts) was Khan of the Golden Horde from 1360 to 1361, having overthrown and succeeded Nawruz Beg.
Earlier scholarship long followed what is now ...
of the Golden Horde 1360-1361
***** 5
Tīmūr-Khwāja of the Golden Horde 1361
**** 4
Murād of the Golden Horde 1361-1363
See also
*
Khanate of Sibir
*
Muhammad Shaybani
Muhammad Shaybani Khan ( uz, Muhammad Shayboniy, also known as Abul-Fath Shaybani Khan or Shayabak Khan or Shahi Beg Khan, originally named "Shibägh", which means " wormwood" or "obsidian") (c. 1451 – 2 December 1510), was an Uzbek leader ...
*
Shaybanids
Notes
References
* Bosworth, C. E., ''The New Islamic Dynasties'', New York, 1996.
* Bregel, Y. (transl.), ''Firdaws al-Iqbāl: History of Khorezm by Shir Muhammad Mirab Munis and Muhammad Riza Mirab Agahi'', Leiden, 1999.
* Desmaisons, P. I. (transl.), ''Histoire des Mongols et des Tatares par Aboul-Ghâzi Béhâdour Khân'', St Petersburg, 1871-1874.
* Gaev, A. G., "Genealogija i hronologija Džučidov," ''Numizmatičeskij sbornik'' 3 (2002) 9-55.
* Grousset, R. ''The Empire of the Steppes'', New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press, 1970 (translated by Naomi Walford from the French edition published by Payot, 1970), pp. 478–490 ''et passim''.
* Howorth, H. H., ''History of the Mongols from the 9th to the 19th Century''. Part II.1, II.2. London, 1880.
* Judin, V. P., ''Utemiš-hadži, Čingiz-name'', Alma-Ata, 1992.
* Sabitov, Ž. M., ''Genealogija "Tore"'', Astana, 2008.
* Sagdeeva, R. Z., ''Serebrjannye monety hanov Zolotoj Ordy'', Moscow, 2005.
* Tizengauzen, V. G. (trans.), ''Sbornik materialov, otnosjaščihsja k istorii Zolotoj Ordy. Izvlečenija iz arabskih sočinenii'', republished as ''Istorija Kazahstana v arabskih istočnikah''. 1. Almaty, 2005.
* Tizengauzen, V. G. (trans.), ''Sbornik materialov otnosjaščihsja k istorii Zolotoj Ordy. Izvlečenija iz persidskih sočinenii'', republished as ''Istorija Kazahstana v persidskih istočnikah.'' 4. Almaty, 2006.
* Vohidov, Š. H. (trans.), ''Istorija Kazahstana v persidskih istočnikah.'' 3. ''Muʿizz al-ansāb.'' Almaty, 2006.
Mongol Empire people
Golden Horde
Nomadic groups in Eurasia
Borjigin
{{CAsia-hist-stub