Shanghai Pudong International Airport is one of two

international airports An international airport is an airport with customs and border control facilities enabling passengers to travel between countries around the world. International airports are usually larger than domestic airports and they must feature longer r ...

serving

Shanghai Shanghai (; , , Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ) is one of the four direct-administered municipalities of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The city is located on the southern estuary of the Yangtze River, with the Huangpu River flow ...

and a major aviation hub of

East Asia East Asia is the eastern region of Asia, which is defined in both Geography, geographical and culture, ethno-cultural terms. The modern State (polity), states of East Asia include China, Japan, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan. ...

. Pudong Airport serves both international flights and a smaller number of domestic fights, while the city's other major airport, Shanghai–Hongqiao, mainly serves domestic and regional flights in East Asia. Located about east of the city center, Pudong Airport occupies a site adjacent to the coastline in eastern

Pudong Pudong is a district of Shanghai located east of the Huangpu, the river which flows through central Shanghai. The name ''Pudong'' was originally applied to the Huangpu's east bank, directly across from the west bank or Puxi, the historic cit ...

. The airport is operated by

Shanghai Airport Authority Shanghai Airport Authority (SAA) is a state-owned enterprise of the Shanghai Municipal Government and operates both Pudong (PVD) and Hongqiao (SHA) airports in Shanghai Shanghai (; , , Standard Chinese, Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ...

(). The airport is the main hub for

China Eastern Airlines China Eastern Airlines Corporation Limited (), also known as China Eastern, is an airline headquartered in the China Eastern Airlines Building, on the grounds of Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport in Changning District, Shanghai. It i ...

and

Shanghai Airlines Shanghai Airlines () is an airline headquartered in Shanghai. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of China Eastern Airlines, but its operations remain separate post-merger, retaining its distinct brand and livery. Shanghai Airlines operates domestic ...

, and a major international hub for Air China, as well as a secondary hub for

China Southern Airlines China Southern Airlines Company Limited is an airline headquartered in Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province and is the largest airline in China. Established on 1 July 1988 following the restructuring of the CAAC Airlines that acqu ...

. It is also the hub for privately owned

Juneyao Airlines Juneyao Air (), formerly known as Juneyao Airlines, is a carrier headquartered in Shanghai, operating both domestic and international services from two airports ( Shanghai Hongqiao and Shanghai Pudong). The company was founded in 2005 as a subsi ...

and

Spring Airlines Spring Airlines Co., Ltd. () is a low-cost carrier with its headquarters in the Homeyo Hotel () in Changning District, Shanghai, China. While the company adopted the English name "Spring Airlines", the Chinese name literally means "Spring Autum ...

, and an Asia-Pacific cargo hub for FedEx,

UPS UPS or ups may refer to: Companies and organizations * United Parcel Service, an American shipping company ** The UPS Store, UPS subsidiary ** UPS Airlines, UPS subsidiary * Underground Press Syndicate, later ''Alternative Press Syndicate'' or ...

and DHL. The DHL hub, opened in July 2012, is reportedly the largest express hub in Asia. Pudong Airport had two main passenger terminals, flanked on both sides by four operational parallel runways. A third passenger terminal was opened in 2021, in addition to a satellite terminal and two additional runways, which will raise its annual capacity from 60 million passengers to 80 million, along with the ability to handle six million tons of freight. Pudong Airport is a fast-growing hub for both passenger and cargo traffic. With 3,703,431 metric tons handled in 2017, the airport is the world's third-busiest airport by cargo traffic. Pudong Airport also served a total of 74,006,331 passengers in 2018, making it the third-busiest airport in China after Beijing–Capital and

Hong Kong Hong Kong ( (US) or (UK); , ), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China ( abbr. Hong Kong SAR or HKSAR), is a city and special administrative region of China on the eastern Pearl River Delt ...

, fifth-busiest in Asia, and the eighth-busiest in the world. It is also the busiest international gateway of mainland China, with 35.25 million international passengers. By the end of 2016, Pudong Airport hosted 104 airlines serving more than 210 destinations. Shanghai Pudong is the busiest international hub in China, and about half of its total passenger traffic is international. Pudong Airport is connected to

Shanghai Hongqiao Airport Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport is one of the two international airports of Shanghai and a significant airline hub of China. Hongqiao Airport mainly serves domestic and regional flights, although the airport also serves international f ...

by Shanghai Metro Line 2 and the Shanghai Maglev Train via

Pudong International Airport Station Pudong International Airport () is a metro and maglev station located within Shanghai Pudong International Airport in Shanghai. It serves as both the eastern terminus of both the Shanghai maglev train, having opened to trial operations on 31 D ...

. There are also airport buses connecting it with the rest of the city.

History

Early development

Prior to the establishment of Pudong International Airport,

Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport is one of the two international airports of Shanghai and a significant airline hub of China. Hongqiao Airport mainly serves domestic and regional flights, although the airport also serves international fl ...

was the only primary airport of Shanghai. During the 1990s, the expansion of Hongqiao Airport to meet growing demand became impossible as the surrounding urban area was developing significantly, and an alternative to assume all international flights had to be sought. After deliberation, the municipal government decided to adopt the suggestion from Professor Chen Jiyu of

East China Normal University East China Normal University (ECNU) is a comprehensive public research university in Shanghai, China. It was formed in 1951 by the merger of the Great China University (est. 1924) and Kwang Hua University (est. 1925) and originated from the St. ...

, who wrote a letter to the Mayor of Shanghai

Xu Kuangdi Xu Kuangdi KmstkNO FREng (; born December 1937) is a Chinese politician and scientist, best known for his term as Mayor of Shanghai from 1995 to 2001. He supervised the transformation of Shanghai during his administration into a center for in ...

suggesting that the new airport should be constructed on the tidal flats of the south bank of the

Yangtze River The Yangtze or Yangzi ( or ; ) is the longest list of rivers of Asia, river in Asia, the list of rivers by length, third-longest in the world, and the longest in the world to flow entirely within one country. It rises at Jari Hill in th ...

estuary, on the coast of the

development zone to the east of Shanghai. Construction of the first phase of the new Shanghai Pudong International Airport began in October 1997, took two years to build at a cost of RMB 12 billion (US$1.67 billion), and was opened on 16 September 1999. It covers an area of and is from downtown Shanghai. The first phase of the airport has one 4E category runway (4000 m x 60 m) along with two parallel taxiways, an apron, seventy-six aircraft positions and a cargo warehouse. A second runway was opened on 17 March 2005, and construction of phase two (including a second terminal, a third runway and a cargo terminal) began in December 2005 and started operation on 26 March 2008, in time for the Beijing

2008 Summer Olympics The 2008 Summer Olympics (), officially the Games of the XXIX Olympiad () and also known as Beijing 2008 (), were an international multisport event held from 8 to 24 August 2008, in Beijing, China. A total of 10,942 athletes from 204 Na ...

. In November 2011, Pudong Airport received approval from the national government for a new round of expansion which includes two runways. The 3,800-metre fourth runway, along with an auxiliary taxiway and traffic control facilities, is projected to cost 2.58 billion yuan (US$403 million). The 3,400-metre fifth runway, along with a new traffic tower, will cost 4.65 billion yuan (US$726.6 million). Construction was completed in 2015 and has doubled the capacity of the airport.

Ongoing expansion

Pudong International Airport officially started the third phase of the Pudong International Airport expansion with the construction on a new south satellite terminal on 29 December 2015. The new satellite terminal will be the world's largest single satellite terminal with a total construction area of 622,000 square meters, which is larger than the Pudong International Airport T2 terminal building (485,500 square meters). The satellite terminal is composed of two halls, S1 and S2, forming an H-shaped structure. It will have an annual design capacity of 38 million passengers, The total cost of the project is estimated to be about 20.6 billion yuan. Halls S1 and S2 will have 83 gates. A high capacity

people mover A people mover or automated people mover (APM) is a type of small scale automated guideway transit system. The term is generally used only to describe systems serving relatively small areas such as airports, downtown districts or theme parks. ...

connecting T1 to SI and T2 to S2 will be constructed. After the completion of the satellite terminal in 2019, Pudong International Airport will have an annual passenger capacity of 80 million passengers, ranking among the top ten airports in the world. As of October 2019, the satellite S1 is in operation and connected by MRT to T1.

Facilities

The airport has 162 boarding bridges (T1-31 T2-41 Satellite terminal-90) along with 189 remote gates. Four runways are parallel to the terminals (four operational): one runway with 4E rating (capable of accommodating aircraft up to Boeing 747-400), two runways with 4F rating (capable of accommodating aircraft up to

Airbus A380 The Airbus A380 is a large wide-body airliner that was developed and produced by Airbus. It is the world's largest passenger airliner and only full-length double-deck jet airliner. Airbus studies started in 1988, and the project was annou ...

Boeing 747-8 The Boeing 747-8 is a wide-body airliner formerly developed by Boeing Commercial Airplanes, and the largest variant of the 747. After introducing the 747-400, Boeing considered larger 747 versions as alternatives to the proposed double-deck Ai ...

, and

Antonov An-225 The Antonov An-225 Mriya ( uk, Антонов Ан-225 Мрія, lit=dream' or 'inspiration; NATO reporting name: Cossack) was a strategic airlift cargo aircraft designed and produced by the Antonov Design Bureau in the Soviet Union. It was ...

), and two runways with 4F rating . Pudong airport currently has four runways. Rwy 35L/17R and Rwy 34R/16L are mostly used for landing while Rwy 35R/17L and Rwy 34L/16R are mostly used for takeoff. Runway 15/33 is not in operation.

Terminal 1

Terminal 1 was opened on 1 October 1999 along with a 4000-metre runway and a cargo hub. It was built to handle the demand for traffic and to relieve

's traffic. The exterior of Terminal 1 is shaped like a seagull, and has 28 gates, 13 of which are double-decker gates. The capacity of Terminal 1 is 20 million passengers. It currently has 204 check-in counters, thirteen luggage conveying belts and covers an area of 280,000 square metres. The gates for Terminal 1 is 1–12, 14–32 (linked with jetway), while the remote gates are 200–203, 251–258 (Domestic), 208–212, 213–216 (International).

Terminal 2

Terminal 2, opened to public and officially opened on 26 March 2008, along with the third runway, is capable of handling 60 million passengers and 4.2 million tons of cargo annually. Terminal 2 is shaped like Terminal 1, although it more closely resembles a wave, and is slightly larger than Terminal 1. Terminal 2 also has more floor areas than Terminal 1. Terminal 2 is primarily used by Air China and other

Star Alliance Star Alliance is the world's largest global airline alliance. Founded on 14 May 1997, its CEO is Jeffrey Goh and its headquarters is located in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. , Star Alliance is the largest of the three global alliances by passenge ...

members.Dermot Davit
Shanghai Pudong International Airport begins new era with opening of Terminal Two
26/03/08, Source: The Moodie Report The gates for Terminal 2 are 50–65, 67–79, 80–98 (Note that gates 58–90 are used by both the C gates (used for domestic flights) and the D gates (used for international flights). The gates between gates 65–79 are only odd numbered (65, 67, 69, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79). Gates 50–57 and gates 92–98 are used for C gates only. The remote gates for Terminal 2 are C219-C224 for domestic and D228-D232 for international.

Satellite concourses

Construction on an additional satellite concourse facility that could accommodate further gates and terminal space started on 29 December 2015 and was inaugurated in September 2019. It is the largest stand-alone satellite

airport terminal An airport terminal is a building at an airport where passengers transfer between ground transportation and the facilities that allow them to board and disembark from an Fixed-wing aircraft, aircraft. Within the terminal, passengers purchase ...

buildings in the world at 622,000 square meters. This project will support 38 million passengers annually through 90 departure gates across two S1 and S2 concourses. Gates for domestic flights are labelled H in both S1 and S2 terminal, while G is labelled for International flights gates in both S1 and S2 terminal.

Automatic People Mover

Both S1 and S2 are connected together and are since the opening in September 2019 connected by an 7.8 km underground Shanghai Pudong Airport APM to the current T1 and T2 terminals operated by Shanghai Keolis for 20 years, including the East Line and the West Line. The operating section of the East Line is 1.65 km long, connecting Terminal 2 and Satellite 2, and the operating section of the West Line is 1.86 km long, connecting Terminal 1 and Satellite 1.

A380/B747-8 stands

Gates that can accommodate the A380/B747-8 are 24 (T1) 71,75 (T2) 119,121 (S1) 504-507 (remote stands near S1, on taxiway L02, between taxiway P3 and south of P2) 168, 170, 173 (S2)

A-CDM implementation

The airport has been using the

Airport Collaborative Decision Making Airport Collaborative Decision Making (A-CDM) is a consortium that aims to improve the operational efficiency of all airport operators. It is a joint venture between ACI EUROPE, EUROCONTROL, International Air Transport Association (IATA) and the ...

system (A-CDM) developed by the aviation data service company VariFlight since January 2017. The system is aimed to improve on-time performance and safety of the airport's operations. By June 2017, Shanghai Pudong airport recorded 62.7% punctuality rate, which was a 15% increase compared to the same period previous year.

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

Pudong Airport mainly serves international flights along with flights to Baotou, Changchun, Dalian, Zhangjiajie and some smaller cities while most domestic flights are operating at Hongqiao Airport. However, some domestic flights operating at Hongqiao Airport only may move to Pudong Airport operating only at Pudong Airport instead of both.

Cargo

Statistics

Ground transportation

Highway

*North:

S1 Yingbin Expressway The Yingbin Expressway () is a in the city of Shanghai, China. It is designated S1 for its entire length and serves as the main expressway from the city center to Pudong International Airport, Shanghai's main international airport. Before 2009, ...

and

Huaxia Elevated Road The Huaxia Elevated Road () is a long elevated expressway entirely in the Pudong New Area of Shanghai, a direct-controlled municipality in the People's Republic of China. It opened to traffic on 25 December 2009, and connects the Middle Ring Ro ...

*South:

Shanghai–Jiaxing–Huzhou Expressway The Shanghai–Jiaxing–Huzhou Expressway, commonly referred to as the Shenjiahu Expressway (), is an expressway in the Chinese province of Zhejiang and city of Shanghai. In Shanghai, it is designated S32, and in Zhejiang, it is designated S12. ...

and

G1501 Shanghai Ring Expressway The Shanghai Ring Expressway (), designated G1503, formerly designated as A30 and G1501, and also known as the Shanghai Suburb Ring Expressway (), is a that encircles Shanghai, a direct-controlled municipality in the People's Republic of China. It ...

Maglev train

*Starting service on 29 January 2004, as the first commercial high-speed maglev railway in the world, Shanghai Maglev Train links Pudong International Airport with Longyang Road Metro Station, where transfer to Line 2, Line 7, and Line 16 is possible. The ride from Longyang Road Metro station to Pudong International Airport typically takes around eight minutes, with the maximum speed reaching . Trains operate every 15 minutes; therefore passengers can expect to arrive in less than 25 minutes, waiting time included. All cars are equipped with racks and space designated for luggage.

Shanghai Metro Line 2

Shanghai Metro Line 2 Line 2 is an east–west line in the Shanghai Metro network. With a length of nearly , it is the second longest line in the metro system after line 11. Line 2 runs from in the west to in the east, passing Hongqiao Airport, the Huangpu river, an ...

also provides service between Pudong International Airport and Longyang Road,

Lujiazui Lujiazui, also known under its Shanghainese name Lohkatse (, , lit. meaning " he Lu family's mouth"), is a locality in Shanghai, a peninsula formed by a bend in the Huangpu River. Since the early 1990s, Lujiazui has been developed specifically ...

People's Square People's Square is a large public square in the Huangpu District, Shanghai, Huangpu District of Shanghai. It is south of Nanjing Road (West) and north of Huaihai Road (East). People's Square is the site of Shanghai's municipal government head ...

, and

Hongqiao International Airport Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport is one of the two international airports of Shanghai and a significant airline hub of China. Hongqiao Airport mainly serves domestic and regional flights, although the airport also serves international f ...

, Shanghai's primary domestic airport as well as

Shanghai Hongqiao Railway Station Shanghai (; , , Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ) is one of the four direct-administered municipalities of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The city is located on the southern estuary of the Yangtze River, with the Huangpu River flow ...

. Line 2 is part of the Shanghai Metro system; therefore unlike the

Maglev Maglev (derived from '' magnetic levitation''), is a system of train transportation that uses two sets of electromagnets: one set to repel and push the train up off the track, and another set to move the elevated train ahead, taking advantage ...

, free in-system transfer to other lines are possible. Prices and speeds are substantially lower than the

. A casual ride to

, the city center, typically takes just over one hour, while a trip to

takes about 1.5 hour. The east extension of Line 2 used to run in an independent pattern between Guanglan Road and Pudong Airport, in which the train would not run west of Guanglan Road and passengers had to transfer at this station. The regular service between East Xujing and Pudong Airport started in April 2019, allowing passengers to access the city center without the extra transfer. The regular service completely replaced the independent east extension service in October of the same year when the four-carriage trainsets special for the service started to be transformed into eight-carriage trainsets for the regular service.

Future plan

The plan for building a new commuter railway line connecting the airport with Hongqiao Airport, Airport Link line, has been formally established in 2015 and approved in December 2018 by

National Development and Reform Commission The National Development and Reform Commission of the People's Republic of China (NDRC), formerly State Planning Commission and State Development Planning Commission, is a macroeconomic management agency under the State Council, which has b ...

. The line is under construction since 28 June 2019 and is expected to be put in operation by the end of 2024. This 68.6 km railway starts from

Shanghai East railway station Shanghai East railway station () is a planned new station in the Pudong New Area of Shanghai. It will be located beside Shanghai Pudong International Airport, forming a future major intermodal passenger transport hub. Shanghai East Railway Station ...

under planning, via Zhangjiang and Sanlin in Pudong, Huajing in Xuhui and Qibao in Minhang. It will use the unused area in

Hongqiao Railway Station Hongqiao may refer to the following locations in China: Literal meaning * Covered bridge (廊桥 or 虹桥 in Chinese), a kind of bridge which looks like a rainbow Transport * Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport (上海虹桥国际机场) ...

originally for Maglev for its station at Hongqiao Transportation Hub. Metro Line 21 Phase II east extension will connect the airport with the under construction adjacent

and the eastside of

Airport buses

Eight airport bus lines serve the airport, providing rapid links to various destinations. * Airport Bus Route 1: To

Shanghai Hongqiao railway station Shanghai (; , , Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ) is one of the four direct-administered municipalities of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The city is located on the southern estuary of the Yangtze River, with the Huangpu River flow ...

via

* Airport Bus Route 2: To

Jing'an Temple Jing'an Temple () is an esoteric Tangmi Buddhist temple on the West Nanjing Road in Shanghai. Jing'an District, where it is located, is named after the temple. History The original temple was first built in 247 AD in the Wu Kingdom during ...

(City Terminal Hub) * Airport Bus Route 4: To Hongkou Stadium Hub (Huayuan Road), via Deping Road at Pudong Avenue,

Wujiaochang Wujiaochang ({{zh, s=五角场, Shanghainese: ''Ng-koh-zan'') is an roundabout-centered area in Yangpu District, Shanghai, China hence its name. (Wujiaochang means "five-cornered Square"; as it is centered on a roundabout of five roads.) It is divi ...

and Dabaishu * Airport Bus Route 5: To

Shanghai railway station Shanghai railway station (; Shanghainese: ''Zånhae Hutsuzae'') is one of the four major railway stations in Shanghai, China, the others being Shanghai South, Shanghai Hongqiao, and Shanghai West (Shanghaixi). The station is located on Mol ...

, via Longyang Road Metro Station, Century Avenue at South Pudong Road (

) and East Yan'an Road at Middle Zhejiang Road (

) * Airport Bus Route 7: To Shanghai South railway station, via West Huaxia Road at Shangnan Road and East Huaxia Road at Chuansha Road ( Chuansha) * Airport Bus Route 8: To Nanhui Coach and Bus Station * Airport Bus Route 9: To

Xinzhuang Metro Station The Taipei Metro Xinzhuang station is a station on the Zhonghe–Xinlu line located in Xinzhuang District, New Taipei, Taiwan. The station opened for service on 5 January 2012. Station overview This two-level, underground station has an islan ...

* Airport Bus Ring Route 1: To Hangchengyuan (Shiwan), via stops in Airport Workplace

Accidents and incidents

*On 28 November 2009,

Avient Aviation Flight 324 On 28 November 2009 at 08:12 ( UTC+8), Avient Aviation McDonnell Douglas MD-11F, registration Z-BAV (c/n 48408), on flight 324 from Shanghai Pudong International Airport to Manas International Airport, near Bishkek, crashed during its take off r ...

, an

Avient Aviation Avient Aviation was an international cargo airline with its head office in Harare, Zimbabwe and its commercial center in the United Kingdom. The company was established in 1993 and offered scheduled and chartered flights to Africa, South Amer ...

McDonnell Douglas MD-11F The McDonnell Douglas MD-11 is an American tri-jet wide-body airliner manufactured by American McDonnell Douglas (MDC) and later by Boeing. Following DC-10 development studies, the MD-11 program was launched on December 30, 1986. Assembly of t ...

cargo plane registered to

Zimbabwe Zimbabwe (), officially the Republic of Zimbabwe, is a landlocked country located in Southeast Africa, between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers, bordered by South Africa to the south, Botswana to the south-west, Zambia to the north, and ...

(registration: Z-BAV) departing for

Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan,, pronounced or the Kyrgyz Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Asia. Kyrgyzstan is bordered by Kazakhstan to the north, Uzbekistan to the west, Tajikistan to the south, and the People's Republic of China to the ea ...

crashed into a warehouse near the runway of the airport due to a

tailstrike In aviation, a tailstrike or tail strike occurs when the tail or empennage of an aircraft strikes the ground or other stationary object. This can happen with a fixed-wing aircraft with tricycle undercarriage, in both takeoff where the pilot rot ...

that caught fire during takeoff and broke into several pieces with seven people on board. Three people died and four were injured. *On 22 July 2020, an

Ethiopian Airlines Cargo Ethiopian Airlines (commonly referred to as Ethiopian; am, የኢትዮጵያ አየር መንገድ, translit=Ye-Ītyōṗṗyā āyer menged), formerly ''Ethiopian Air Lines'' (EAL), is the flag carrier of Ethiopia, and is wholly owned by t ...

Boeing 777 freighter aircraft caught fire while at Pudong International Airport as it prepared for a trip to São Paulo, Brazil and to Santiago, Chile via Addis Ababa, shortly after landing from Brussels, Belgium. No injuries were reported.

Photo gallery

File:Shanghai Pudong International Airport 1.jpg, Airport exterior File:The express way, Pudong International Airport, Shanghai.jpg, The

goes into the airport. File:Shanghai Pudong International Terminal Night.JPG, Interior of Terminal 1 File:Airport Traffic Control Tower at Shanghai Pudong International Airport.jpg, The ATC Tower of Pudong Airport. File:Shanghai Pudong Int. Airport .JPG, Apron of Shanghai Pudong International Airport.

References

External links

Shanghai Airports

Shanghai Airports

Airliners.Net photos of Shanghai Pudong International Airport
* * {{DEFAULTSORT: 1999 establishments in China Airports established in 1999 Airports in Shanghai Government-owned companies of China Pudong