Selizharovsky District (russian: Селижа́ровский райо́н) is an administrative
and municipal
[Law #4-ZO] district (
raion
A raion (also spelt rayon) is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet states. The term is used for both a type of subnational entity and a division of a city. The word is from the French (meaning 'honeycomb, department'), and is co ...
), one of the
thirty-six in
Tver Oblast
Tver Oblast (russian: Тверска́я о́бласть, ''Tverskaya oblast'', ), from 1935 to 1990 known as Kalinin Oblast (), is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the types of inh ...
,
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eig ...
. It is located in the western central part of the
oblast
An oblast (; ; Cyrillic (in most languages, including Russian and Ukrainian): , Bulgarian: ) is a type of administrative division of Belarus, Bulgaria, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Ukraine, as well as the Soviet Union and the Kingdo ...
and borders with
Ostashkovsky District
Ostashkovsky District (russian: Оста́шковский райо́н) is an administrative and municipalLaw #4-ZO district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northwest of the oblast and borders with Dem ...
in the north,
Kuvshinovsky District in the northeast,
Staritsky District
Staritsky District (russian: Ста́рицкий райо́н) is an administrative and municipalLaw #4-ZO district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located in the central and southern parts of the oblast and border ...
in the east,
Rzhevsky District
Rzhevsky District (russian: Рже́вский райо́н) is an administrative and municipalLaw #4-ZO district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast and borders with Staritsky District ...
in the southeast,
Oleninsky District
Oleninsky District (russian: Оле́нинский райо́н) is an administrative and municipalLaw #4-ZO district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast and borders with Selizhar ...
in the south,
Nelidovsky District
Nelidovsky District (russian: Нели́довский райо́н) is an administrative and municipalLaw #4-ZO district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast and borders with Andreap ...
in the southwest,
Andreapolsky District
Andreapolsky District (russian: Андреа́польский райо́н) is an administrative and municipalLaw #4-ZO district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located in the Valdai Hills in the west of the oblast a ...
in the west, and with
Penovsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is .
Its
administrative center
An administrative center is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune is located.
In countries with French as administrative language (such as Belgium, Lu ...
is the
urban locality (an
urban-type settlement
Urban-type settlementrussian: посёлок городско́го ти́па, translit=posyolok gorodskogo tipa, abbreviated: russian: п.г.т., translit=p.g.t.; ua, селище міського типу, translit=selyshche mis'koho typu, ab ...
) of
Selizharovo
Selizharovo (russian: Селижа́рово) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Selizharovsky District of Tver Oblast, Russia situated at the confluence of the Selizharovka and Volga Rivers. Populati ...
.
Population: 12,722 (
2010 Census);
The population of Selizharovo accounts for 52.9% of the district's total population.
Geography
Selizharovsky District is located at the southern outskirts of the
Valdai Hills
The Valdai Hills (russian: Валда́йская возвы́шенность, Valdáyskaya vozvýshennost'), sometimes referred to as just Valdai (russian: Валда́й, Valdáy), are an upland region in the north-west of central European Ru ...
. The whole area of the district belongs to the
drainage basin
A drainage basin is an area of land where all flowing surface water converges to a single point, such as a river mouth, or flows into another body of water, such as a lake or ocean. A basin is separated from adjacent basins by a perimeter, ...
of the Volga River. The Volga itself crosses the district, with a part of its course being
Lake Volgo
Lake Volgo (russian: Озеро Волго) is a lake in Ostashkovsky, Penovsky, and Selizharovsky Districts of Tver Oblast, Russia. The Volga River flows through the lake in its upper course. The area of the lake is , and the area of its draina ...
. Below Lake Volgo, the dam of
Upper Volga Reservoir
Upper may refer to:
* Shoe upper or ''vamp'', the part of a shoe on the top of the foot
* Stimulant, drugs which induce temporary improvements in either mental or physical function or both
* ''Upper'', the original film title for the 2013 found fo ...
has been built. The main tributaries of the Volga within the district are the
Zhukopa (right) and the
Selizharovka (left). The Selizharovka is the outflow of
lake Seliger
Seliger ( rus, Селиге́р, p=sʲɪlʲɪˈgʲɛr) is a lake in Ostashkovsky District of Tver Oblast and, in the extreme northern part, in Demyansky District of Novgorod Oblast of Russia, in the northwest of the Valdai Hills, a part of the ...
. The southern part of the district belongs to the basin of the
Tudovka River
The Tudovka () is a river in Oleninsky, Nelidovsky, Selizharovsky, and Rzhevsky Districts of Tver Oblast of Russia, a right tributary of the Volga. The Tudovka is long, and the area of its drainage basin is .
The source of the Tudovka is in ...
, a right tributary of the Volga.
History
Since the Middle Ages, the area was at the border between the
Novgorod Republic
The Novgorod Republic was a medieval state that existed from the 12th to 15th centuries, stretching from the Gulf of Finland in the west to the northern Ural Mountains in the east, including the city of Novgorod and the Lake Ladoga regions of mod ...
and the
Principality of Smolensk
The Principality of Smolensk (eventually Grand Principality of Smolensk) was a Kievan Rus' lordship from the 11th to the 16th century. Until 1127, when it passed to Rostislav Mstislavich, the principality was part of the land of Kiev. The princi ...
, later at the border between the
Lithuania and the
Grand Duchy of Moscow. Eventually, it was transferred under control of the Grand Duchy of Moscow, and in 1547 Tsar
Ivan the Terrible gave it to the
Simonov Monastery
Simonov Monastery (russian: Симонов монастырь) in Moscow was established in 1370 by monk Feodor, a nephew and disciple of St Sergius of Radonezh. It became one of the richest and most famous monastery, comprising six major churches ...
which was located in Moscow. Selizharovo was first mentioned in 1504.
In the course of the
administrative reform carried out in 1708 by
Peter the Great, the area was included into
Ingermanlandia Governorate (since 1710 known as Saint Petersburg Governorate), and in 1727
Novgorod Governorate
Novgorod Governorate (Pre-reformed rus, Новгоро́дская губе́рнія, r=Novgorodskaya guberniya, p=ˈnofɡərətskəjə ɡʊˈbʲernʲɪjə, t=Government of Novgorod), was an administrative division (a '' guberniya'') of the Ru ...
split off. In 1772, Ostashkov was granted town status, and
Ostashkovsky Uyezd Ostashkovsky Uyezd (''Осташковский уезд'') was one of the subdivisions of the Tver Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the southwestern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Ostashkov.
Demographics ...
of Novgorod Governorate was established, with the seat in
Ostashkov
Ostashkov (russian: Оста́шков) is a town and the administrative center of Ostashkovsky District in Tver Oblast, Russia, on a peninsula at the southern shore of Lake Seliger, west of Tver, the administrative center of the oblast. Populat ...
. Almost all of area of the district was included into Ostashkovsky Uyezd, with the exception of the southeast of the district which belonged to
Rzhevsky Uyezd Rzhevsky Uyezd (''Ржевский уезд'') was one of the subdivisions of the Tver Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the southwestern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Rzhev.
Demographics
At the time of ...
. In 1775,
Tver Viceroyalty
Tver Viceroyalty (russian: link=no, Тверское наместничество, ''Tverskoye namestnichestvo'') was an administrative division of the Russian Empire, which existed from 1775 until 1796. Its seat was in Tver. In 1796, it was tran ...
was formed from the lands which previously belonged to
Moscow
Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 millio ...
and Novgorod Governorates, and the area was transferred to Tver Viceroyalty, which in 1796 was transformed to
Tver Governorate
Tver Governorate (russian: Тверская губерния, ''Tverskaya guberniya'') was an administrative division (a '' guberniya'') of the Russian Empire and Russian SFSR, which existed from 1796 until 1929. Its seat was in Tver. The governo ...
.
On 12 July 1929, governorates and uyezds were abolished, and Selizharovsky District with the administrative center in the
selo of Selizharovo was established. It belonged to
Rzhev Okrug
Rzhev ( rus, Ржев, p=ˈrʐɛf) is a town in Tver Oblast, Russia, located southwest of Staritsa and from Tver, on the highway and railway connecting Moscow and Riga. It is the uppermost town situated on the Volga River. Population:
Histo ...
of
Western Oblast
Western Oblast (russian: Западная область, ''Zapadnaya oblast'') was an ''oblast'' (a first-level administrative and municipal unit) of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1929 to 1937. Its seat was in the city ...
.
On August 1, 1930 the okrugs were abolished, and the districts were subordinated directly to the oblast. On January 29, 1935
Kalinin Oblast
Tver Oblast (russian: Тверска́я о́бласть, ''Tverskaya oblast'', ), from 1935 to 1990 known as Kalinin Oblast (), is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the types of inh ...
was established, and Selizharovsky District was transferred to Kalinin Oblast.
In 1936, Selizharovsky District was renamed Kirovsky District. In 1937, Selizharovo was granted urban-type settlement status.
During World War II, in 1941—1942, a considerable part of the district, including Selizharovo, was occupied by German troops. In February 1963, during the abortive administrative reform by
Nikita Khrushchev
Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (– 11 September 1971) was the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964 and chairman of the country's Council of Ministers from 1958 to 1964. During his rule, Khrushchev s ...
, Kirovsky and Penovsky Districts were merged into Ostashkovsky District. On January 12, 1965 Selizharovsky District (which occupied the area of Kirovsky District) was re-established.
In 1990, Kalinin Oblast was renamed Tver Oblast.
On 12 July 1929
Molodotudsky District, with the center in the selo of
Molodoy Tud
Ivan Ivanovich (also known as, Ivan the Young, Ioann Ioannovich and Ivan Molodoy) (''Иван Иванович'', ''Иоанн Иоаннович'', ''Иван Молодой'' in Russian) (15 February 1458 – 6 March 1490), was the eldest son an ...
was created as well. It was a part of Rzhev Okrug of Western Oblast. On 1 February 1932 it was abolished. On March 5, 1935
Chertolinsky District with the administrative center in the selo of
Chertolino was established. It was a part of Kalinin Oblast. On 20 March 1936 Chertolino was transferred to Rzhevsky District, and Chertolinsky District was renamed Molodotudsky. The administrative center was moved to Molodoy Tud. On 22 August 1958 Molodotudsky District was abolished and split between Kirovsky, Oleninsky, and Rzhevsky Districts.
Another district created on 12 July 1929 was
Lukovnikovsky District, with the center in the selo of
Lukovnikovo. It was a part of Rzhev Okrug of Western Oblast. On January 29, 1935 Lukovnikovsky District was transferred to Kalinin Oblast. On 14 November 1960 Lukovnikovsky District was abolished and split between Kirovsky,
Novotorzhsky, Staritsky, and Rzhevsky Districts.
Economy
Industry
There are enterprises of timber and food industries in the district, all of them located in Selizharovo.
Agriculture
The main agricultural specialization of the district is cattle breeding with meat and milk production.
Transportation
A railway line which connects
Likhoslavl
Likhoslavl (russian: Лихосла́вль) is a town and the administrative center of Likhoslavlsky District in Tver Oblast, Russia, located on the Moscow–St. Petersburg Railway, northwest of Tver, the administrative center of the obl ...
with
Soblago via
Torzhok
Torzhok (russian: Торжо́к) is a town in Tver Oblast, Russia, located on the Tvertsa River along the federal highway M10 and a branch of the Oktyabrskaya Railway division of the Russian Railways. The town is famous for its folk craft of ...
and
Kuvshinovo crosses the area of the district from east to west and passes Selizharovo. It is served by infrequent passenger traffic.
A paved road connecting
Ostashkov
Ostashkov (russian: Оста́шков) is a town and the administrative center of Ostashkovsky District in Tver Oblast, Russia, on a peninsula at the southern shore of Lake Seliger, west of Tver, the administrative center of the oblast. Populat ...
and
Rzhev crosses the district from north to south passing Selizharovo. There are also local roads with bus traffic originating from Selizharovo.
Culture and recreation
The district contains eighty-three cultural heritage monuments of federal significance (four of them in Selizharovo) and additionally seven objects (one of them in Selizharovo) classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. The federally protected monuments include the Resurrection Church in Selizharovo, the Nativity Church in the
selo of
Pesochnya, the ensemble of the Church of the Virgin of Smolensk in the selo of
Okovtsy, as well as two archeological sites.
Selizharovo hosts a local museum, which has expositions on the history of the area.
References
Notes
Sources
*
*
*
{{Use mdy dates, date=April 2013
Districts of Tver Oblast
States and territories established in 1929
States and territories disestablished in 1963
States and territories established in 1965