''Scyllarides'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...
of
slipper lobster
Slipper lobsters are a family (Scyllaridae) of about 90 species of achelate crustaceans, in the Decapoda clade Reptantia, found in all warm oceans and seas. They are not true lobsters, but are more closely related to spiny lobsters and furry ...
s.
Characteristics
''Scyllarides'' is placed in the subfamily
Arctidinae, which is differentiated from other subfamilies by the presence of multiarticulated
exopods on all three
maxillipeds, and a three-segmented
palp
Pedipalps (commonly shortened to palps or palpi) are the second pair of appendages of chelicerates – a group of arthropods including spiders, scorpions, horseshoe crabs, and sea spiders. The pedipalps are lateral to the chelicerae ("jaws") ...
on the
mandible
In anatomy, the mandible, lower jaw or jawbone is the largest, strongest and lowest bone in the human facial skeleton. It forms the lower jaw and holds the lower teeth in place. The mandible sits beneath the maxilla. It is the only movable bone ...
. The only other genus in the subfamily, ''
Arctides'', is distinguished by having a more highly sculptured carapace, with an extra spine behind each eye, and a transverse groove on the first segment of the abdomen.
Taxonomic history
In 1849,
Wilhem de Haan
Wilhem de Haan (7 February 1801 in Amsterdam – 15 April 1855 in Leiden) was a Dutch zoologist. He specialised in the study of insects and crustaceans, and was the first keeper of invertebrates at the Rijksmuseum in Leiden, now Naturalis. He was ...
divided the genus ''
Scyllarus'' into two genera, ''Scyllarus'' and ''Arctus'', but made the error of including the
type species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specime ...
of ''Scyllarus'' in the genus ''Arctus''. This was first recognised by the
ichthyologist Theodore Gill
Theodore Nicholas Gill (March 21, 1837 – September 25, 1914) was an American ichthyologist, mammalogist, malacologist and librarian.
Career
Born and educated in New York City under private tutors, Gill early showed interest in natural histo ...
in 1898, who
synonymised ''Arctus'' with ''Scyllarus'', and erected a new genus ''Scyllarides'' to hold the species that De Haan had placed in ''Scyllarus''.
Species
''Scyllarides'' comprises the following extant species:
*''
Scyllarides aequinoctialis''
(Lund, 1793)
*''
Scyllarides astori''
Holthuis, 1960
*''
Scyllarides brasiliensis''
Rathbun, 1906
*''
Scyllarides deceptor''
Holthuis, 1963
*''
Scyllarides delfosi
''Scyllarides'' is a genus of slipper lobsters.
Characteristics
''Scyllarides'' is placed in the subfamily Arctidinae, which is differentiated from other subfamilies by the presence of multiarticulated exopods on all three maxillipeds, and a ...
''
Holthuis, 1960
*''
Scyllarides elisabethae
''Scyllarides'' is a genus of slipper lobsters.
Characteristics
''Scyllarides'' is placed in the subfamily Arctidinae, which is differentiated from other subfamilies by the presence of multiarticulated exopods on all three maxillipeds, and a ...
''
(Ortmann, 1894)
*''
Scyllarides haanii''
(De Haan, 1841)
*''
Scyllarides herklotsii''
(Herklots, 1851)
*''
Scyllarides latus
''Scyllarides latus'', the Mediterranean slipper lobster, is a species of slipper lobster found in the Mediterranean Sea and in the eastern Atlantic Ocean. It is edible and highly regarded as food, but is now rare over much of its range due to ...
''
(Latreille, 1802)
*''
Scyllarides nodifer''
(Stimpson, 1866)
*''
Scyllarides obtusus''
Holthuis, 1993
*''
Scyllarides roggeveeni''
Holthuis, 1967
*''
Scyllarides squammosus''
(H. Milne-Edwards, 1837)
*''
Scyllarides tridacnophaga''
Holthuis, 1967
In addition, two extinct species of ''Scyllarides'' are known from the
Eocene
The Eocene ( ) Epoch is a geological epoch that lasted from about 56 to 33.9 million years ago (mya). It is the second epoch of the Paleogene Period in the modern Cenozoic Era. The name ''Eocene'' comes from the Ancient Greek (''ēṓs'', " ...
of
Europe
Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a subcontinent of Eurasia and it is located entirel ...
:
*''
Scyllarides bolcensis''
de Angeli & Garassino, 2008
*''
Scyllarides tuberculatus''
(König, 1825)
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q2704325
Achelata
Extant Ypresian first appearances
pl:Łopaciarz