Schellingwoude is a neighbourhood of

Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Amstel'') is the Capital of the Netherlands, capital and Municipalities of the Netherlands, most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague being the seat of government. It has a population ...

Netherlands ) , anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau") , image_map = , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands , established_title = Before independence , established_date = Spanish Netherl ...

. A former village located on the northern shore of the IJ, in the province of

North Holland North Holland ( nl, Noord-Holland, ) is a province of the Netherlands in the northwestern part of the country. It is located on the North Sea, north of South Holland and Utrecht, and west of Friesland and Flevoland. In November 2019, it had a ...

, it was a separate municipality between 1817 and 1857, when it was merged with

Ransdorp Ransdorp is a village in the Provinces of the Netherlands, province of North Holland, Netherlands, part of the List of municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality of Amsterdam. It lies about 7 km northeast of the Amsterdam-Centrum, city ...

; the latter merged with Amsterdam in 1921. Nowadays it is part of the

Amsterdam-Noord Amsterdam-Noord (; ) is a borough of Amsterdam, Netherlands with a population of about 90,000. The IJ, the body of water which separates it from Amsterdam-Centrum and the rest of the city, is situated southwest of Amsterdam-Noord. The borough, whi ...

borough and the Landelijk Noord district.

History

In order to stop the land loss caused by the

Zuiderzee The Zuiderzee or Zuider Zee (; old spelling ''Zuyderzee'' or ''Zuyder Zee'') was a shallow bay of the North Sea in the northwest of the Netherlands, extending about 100 km (60 miles) inland and at most 50 km (30 miles) wide, with an o ...

, farmers began around 1200 to build the Waterlandse Zeedijk. On this dike the village Schellingwoude was founded. Sources of income were

farming Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people to ...

and

fishing Fishing is the activity of trying to catch fish. Fish are often caught as wildlife from the natural environment, but may also be caught from stocked bodies of water such as ponds, canals, park wetlands and reservoirs. Fishing techniques inclu ...

. During the 14th century

trade Trade involves the transfer of goods and services from one person or entity to another, often in exchange for money. Economists refer to a system or network that allows trade as a market. An early form of trade, barter, saw the direct excha ...

began to flourish, and took on greater importance in the 16th century, owing to the growth in

shipping Freight transport, also referred as ''Freight Forwarding'', is the physical process of transporting Commodity, commodities and merchandise goods and cargo. The term shipping originally referred to transport by sea but in American English, it h ...

in this part of

Holland Holland is a geographical regionG. Geerts & H. Heestermans, 1981, ''Groot Woordenboek der Nederlandse Taal. Deel I'', Van Dale Lexicografie, Utrecht, p 1105 and former province on the western coast of the Netherlands. From the 10th to the 16th c ...

. Competition with Amsterdam was enormous, however, so commerce around shipping declined. In those days Schellingwoude was a village of distinction. For the surrounding villages the administration of justice took place in Schellingwoude. Schellingwoude1

In 1622 the population of Schellingwoude was 1,048; by 1809 this number had fallen to 684. The decline in the trade and shipping activities was the main cause of this reduction. Activities that remained were farming, fishing and some industrial activity. In 1800 Schellingwoude had two mills. An important complex of locks, the

Oranje Locks The Oranje Locks are a group of locks and other water management facilities just east of Amsterdam. Characteristics The ''Oranje Locks'' are located in the IJ Dijk, a dam which cuts through the IJ just east of Amsterdam. This dam runs from th ...

, together with a steam pumping station, was ready in 1872. King Willem III had laid the first stone on 29 April 1870. The Oranjesluizen and the Schellingwouder Bridge, built in 1957 over the Buiten-IJ, are two landmarks at the east side of the village. With the arrival of the Oranjesluizen, Schellingwoude got a boost. The lock created new jobs and new houses were built. The village supported around five

pubs A pub (short for public house) is a kind of drinking establishment which is licensed to serve alcoholic drinks for consumption on the premises. The term ''public house'' first appeared in the United Kingdom in late 17th century, and was ...

at that time. The villages at the Waterlandse Zeedijk were extremely stricken by the

flood A flood is an overflow of water ( or rarely other fluids) that submerges land that is usually dry. In the sense of "flowing water", the word may also be applied to the inflow of the tide. Floods are an area of study of the discipline hydrol ...

of 1916 and could not recover on their own: in 1921 Amsterdam incorporated the villages

Buiksloot Buiksloot is a former village in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is now a neighbourhood of Amsterdam-Noord. Buiksloot was a separate municipality from 1811 until 1921, when it was merged with Amsterdam. From 1888 to 1956, Buiksloot had ...

Nieuwendam Nieuwendam (literal translation: "new dam") is a neighbourhood of Amsterdam, Netherlands, best known for its marina (Dutch: ''jachthaven''). A former village in the province of North Holland, Nieuwendam was a separate municipality until 1921, wh ...

(with

Zunderdorp Zunderdorp () is a town in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Amstel'') is the capital and most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague ...

) and

(with Schellingwoude, Durgerdam and

Holysloot Holysloot is a village in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Amsterdam, and lies about 9 km northeast of the city centre. The name ''Holysloot'' probably derives from an expression for a "low-lying area a ...

).The Schellingwouderdijk
on iamsterdam.com.

Church

Since the 14th century the village has a

church Church may refer to: Religion * Church (building), a building for Christian religious activities * Church (congregation), a local congregation of a Christian denomination * Church service, a formalized period of Christian communal worship * Chris ...

. The Schellingwouder church was built on a

terp A ''terp'', also known as a ''wierde, woerd, warf, warft, werf, werve, wurt'' or ''værft'', is an artificial dwelling mound found on the North European Plain that has been created to provide safe ground during storm surges, high tides an ...

behind the dyke. The current church is dated from 1866. The church chest from 1659 has survived; important documents were once kept in it. The chest has a text engraved in memory of the people of Schellingwoude who stood up for their rights at that time. Other villages required Schellingwoude to pay more money for the upkeep of the Waterlandse Zeedijk. The resistance of Schellingwoude was successful. ''Schellinghwoud heeft over vijftigh jaer gestreden''
''Tegen ses dorpen en twee steden''
''De gemeendijck versocht en van dat hof verkreghen''
''In ‘t jaer sestien hondert vijftigh en negen'' Nowadays the church does not serve as a house of worship, but remains a popular wedding location.

References

{{Neighborhoods of Amsterdam Former municipalities of North Holland Amsterdam-Noord Neighbourhoods of Amsterdam