Satkhira ( bn, সাতক্ষীরা জেলা, pron: ''Satkhira'') is a district in southwestern
Bangladesh
Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million people in an area of . Bangladesh is among the mos ...
and is part of
Khulna Division
The Khulna Division ( bn, খুলনা বিভাগ) is the second largest of the eight divisions of Bangladesh. It has an area of and a population of 15,563,000 at the 2011 Bangladesh census (preliminary returns). Its headquarters and lar ...
. It lies along the border with
West Bengal
West Bengal (, Bengali: ''Poshchim Bongo'', , abbr. WB) is a state in the eastern portion of India. It is situated along the Bay of Bengal, along with a population of over 91 million inhabitants within an area of . West Bengal is the fourt ...
, India. It is on the bank of the
Arpangachhia River. The largest city and headquarter of this district is
Satkhira
Satkhira( bn, সাতক্ষীরা) is a city and district headquarter of Satkhira District in Khulna Division, south-west Bangladesh
Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. I ...
.
Administration
The district consists of two municipalities, seven
upazila
An ''upazila'' ( bn, উপজেলা, upôzela, lit=sub-district pronounced: ), formerly called ''thana'', is an administrative region in Bangladesh, functioning as a sub-unit of a district. It can be seen as an analogous to a county or a ...
s, 79 union porishods, 8 thana (police station) and 1436 villages.
The upazilas are:
*
Satkhira Sadar Upazila Satkhira Sadar ( bn, সাতক্ষীরা সদর) is an upazila of Satkhira District in the Division of Khulna, Bangladesh.
Geography
Satkhira Sadar is located at . It has 61839 households and total area 400.82 km2.
Satkhira Sadar U ...
*
Assasuni Upazila
*
Debhata Upazila
Debhata ( bn, দেবহাটা) is an upazila of Satkhira District in the Division of Khulna, Bangladesh.
Geography
Debhata is located at . It has 17724 households and total area 176.33 km2.
Debhata Upazila is bounded by Satkhira Sad ...
*
Tala Upazila
*
Kalaroa Upazila
Kalaroa ( bn, কলারোয়া) is an upazila of Satkhira District in the Division of Khulna Division, Khulna, Bangladesh, Kolaroa Upazila was established in 1983, 18 km Distance From District Headquarters, Kolaroa Bazar is one of the ...
*
Kaliganj Upazila
*
Shyamnagar Upazila
Shyamnagar ( bn, শ্যামনগর ) is an upazila of Satkhira District in the Division of Khulna, Bangladesh. It is the biggest upazila of Bangladesh. It is close to the Sundarbans.
Geography
Shyamnagar is located at . It has 46,592 h ...
The two municipalities are
Satkhira
Satkhira( bn, সাতক্ষীরা) is a city and district headquarter of Satkhira District in Khulna Division, south-west Bangladesh
Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. I ...
and Kalaroa.
* Chairman of Zila Porishod: Nazrul Islam
* Deputy Commissioner (DC): Mohammad Humayun Kabir
Geography
Satkhira District has an area of about . It is bordered to the north by
Jessore District
Jessore District (Bengali: যশোর, pronounced Jaw-shore, Anglicised: Jessore), officially spelled Jashore District from April 2018, is a district in the southwestern region of Bangladesh. It is bordered by India to the west, Khulna Distr ...
, on the south by the
Bay of Bengal
The Bay of Bengal is the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean, bounded on the west and northwest by India, on the north by Bangladesh, and on the east by Myanmar and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands of India. Its southern limit is a line between ...
, to the east by
Khulna District
Khulna District ( bn, খুলনা জেলা , ''Khulna Jela'' also ''Khulna Zila'') is a district of Bangladesh. It is located in the Khulna Division. It is bordered on the north by the Jessore District and the Narail District, on the south ...
, and to the west by
North 24 Parganas and
South 24 Parganas
South 24 Parganas (Pron: pɔrɡɔnɔs; abbr. 24 PGS (S)), or sometimes South Twenty Four Parganas and Dakshin 24 Parganas, is a district in the Indian state of West Bengal, headquartered in Alipore. It is the largest district of West Bengal by ...
districts of
West Bengal
West Bengal (, Bengali: ''Poshchim Bongo'', , abbr. WB) is a state in the eastern portion of India. It is situated along the Bay of Bengal, along with a population of over 91 million inhabitants within an area of . West Bengal is the fourt ...
, India.
The annual average maximum temperature reaches 35.5 °C (95.9 °F); minimum temperature is 12.5 °C (54.5 °F). The annual rainfall is 1710 mm (67 in).
The main rivers are the Kopotakhi river across Dorgapur union of
Assasuni Upazila,
Morichap River,
Kholpetua River The Kholpetua River (Kholpatua River) is located in southwestern Bangladesh. It is one of the large rivers of the Ganges-Padma system. It is a major river of Assasuni Upazila and Shyamnagar Upazila of Satkhira District in Khulna Division
The Khul ...
,
Betna River The Betna River is located in Bangladesh. It originates in Jessore District, flows through Satkhira and Khulna, changes its name to Kalia River, and forms a branch called Dalua River. The Kalia flows into the Kobadak River. The Betna changes to the ...
,
Raimangal River
Raimangal River ( bn, রায়মঙ্গল নদী) is a tidal estuarine river in and around the Sundarbans in South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal and Satkhira District in Bangladesh.
The Ichamati breaks up i ...
,
Hariabhanga river,
Ichamati River
Ichamati River ( bn, ইছামতী নদী) (also spelt Ichhamati), is a trans-boundary river which flows through India and Bangladesh and also forms the boundary between the two countries. The river is facing the problem of siltation lea ...
,
Betrabati River and
Kalindi-Jamuna River.
Climate
Tropical savanna climates have a monthly mean temperature above 18 °C (64 °F) in every month of the year and typically a pronounced dry season, with the driest month having precipitation less than 60mm (2.36 in) of precipitation. The
Köppen Climate Classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by German-Russian climatologist Wladimir Köppen (1846–1940) in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen, notabl ...
subtype for this climate is "
Aw" (tropical savanna climate).
Demographics
According to the
2011 Bangladesh census
In 2011, the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, conducted a national census in Bangladesh, which provided a provisional estimate of the total population of the country as 142,319,000. The previous decennial census was the 2001 census. Data were reco ...
, Satkhira District had a population of 1,985,959, of which 982,777 were males and 1,003,182 were females. Rural population was 1,788,343 (90.05%) while urban population was 197,616 (9.95%). Satkhira had a literacy rate of 52.07% for the population 7 years and above: 56.11% for males and 48.15% for females.
Muslims formed 81.86% of the population, Hindus 17.70% and others 0.44%. The Muslim population has increased continuously while the Hindu population has remained relatively constant and sometimes fallen.
Indications from the 2022 census show the Hindu and Christian populations in the district have fallen dramatically.
Economy
![Chingri gher at khulna - 2](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Chingri_gher_at_khulna_-_2.jpg)
Most of the peoples of southern part of Satkhira depend on
pisciculture, locally called ''gher''. Main fruits are aam (
mango
A mango is an edible stone fruit produced by the tropical tree ''Mangifera indica''. It is believed to have originated in the region between northwestern Myanmar, Bangladesh, and northeastern India. ''M. indica'' has been cultivated in South a ...
), jaam (
blackberry
The blackberry is an edible fruit produced by many species in the genus ''Rubus'' in the family Rosaceae, hybrids among these species within the subgenus ''Rubus'', and hybrids between the subgenera ''Rubus'' and ''Idaeobatus''. The taxonomy of ...
), kathal (
jackfruit
The jackfruit (''Artocarpus heterophyllus''), also known as jack tree, is a species of tree in the fig, mulberry, and breadfruit family (Moraceae). Its origin is in the region between the Western Ghats of southern India, all of Bangladesh, ...
), kola (banana), pepe (
papaya
The papaya (, ), papaw, () or pawpaw () is the plant species ''Carica papaya'', one of the 21 accepted species in the genus ''Carica'' of the family Caricaceae. It was first domesticated in Mesoamerica, within modern-day southern Mexico and ...
), lichoo (
litchi
Lychee (US: ; UK: ; ''Litchi chinensis''; ) is a monotypic taxon and the sole member in the genus ''Litchi'' in the soapberry family, '' Sapindaceae''.
It is a tropical tree native to Southeast and Southwest China (the Guangdong, Fujian, ...
), naarikel (
coconut
The coconut tree (''Cocos nucifera'') is a member of the palm tree family ( Arecaceae) and the only living species of the genus ''Cocos''. The term "coconut" (or the archaic "cocoanut") can refer to the whole coconut palm, the seed, or the ...
) and peyara (
guava
Guava () is a common tropical fruit cultivated in many tropical and subtropical regions. The common guava ''Psidium guajava'' (lemon guava, apple guava) is a small tree in the myrtle family ( Myrtaceae), native to Mexico, Central America, the ...
). Farms are 86
dairies
A dairy is a business enterprise established for the harvesting or processing (or both) of animal milk – mostly from cows or buffaloes, but also from goats, sheep, horses, or camels – for human consumption. A dairy is typically located on a ...
, 322 poultry farms, 3046
fisheries
Fishery can mean either the enterprise of raising or harvesting fish and other aquatic life; or more commonly, the site where such enterprise takes place ( a.k.a. fishing ground). Commercial fisheries include wild fisheries and fish farms, both ...
, 3650
shrimp
Shrimp are crustaceans (a form of shellfish) with elongated bodies and a primarily swimming mode of locomotion – most commonly Caridea and Dendrobranchiata of the decapod order, although some crustaceans outside of this order are refer ...
farms, 66
hatcheries
A hatchery is a facility where eggs are hatched under artificial conditions, especially those of fish, poultry or even turtles. It may be used for ex-situ conservation purposes, i.e. to breed rare or endangered species under controlled condi ...
and one cattle breeding centre. The main exports are
shrimp
Shrimp are crustaceans (a form of shellfish) with elongated bodies and a primarily swimming mode of locomotion – most commonly Caridea and Dendrobranchiata of the decapod order, although some crustaceans outside of this order are refer ...
,
paddy,
jute
Jute is a long, soft, shiny bast fiber that can be spun into coarse, strong threads. It is produced from flowering plants in the genus ''Corchorus'', which is in the mallow family Malvaceae. The primary source of the fiber is ''Corchorus olit ...
, wheat,
betel
The betel (''Piper betle'') is a vine of the family Piperaceae, which includes pepper and kava. The betel plant is native to Southeast Asia. It is an evergreen, dioecious perennial, with glossy heart-shaped leaves and white catkins. Betel plan ...
leaf, leather and jute goods. Contribute 18.5% of Bangladesh economy. Recently, the wide spread crab fattening is contributing heavily in Satkhira's economy.
Points of interest
Sundarbans
Sundarbans (pronounced ) is a mangrove area in the delta formed by the confluence of the Padma, Brahmaputra and Meghna Rivers in the Bay of Bengal. It spans the area from the Baleswar River in Bangladesh's division of Khulna to the Hooghly R ...
is the largest single block of tidal
halophytic
A halophyte is a salt-tolerant plant that grows in soil or waters of high salinity, coming into contact with saline water through its roots or by salt spray, such as in saline semi-deserts, mangrove swamps, marshes and sloughs and seashores. T ...
mangrove
A mangrove is a shrub or tree that grows in coastal saline water, saline or brackish water. The term is also used for tropical coastal vegetation consisting of such species. Mangroves are taxonomically diverse, as a result of convergent evoluti ...
forest in the world, is a
World Heritage Site
A World Heritage Site is a landmark or area with legal protection by an international convention administered by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). World Heritage Sites are designated by UNESCO for h ...
, and covers an area of .
The region is home to many ancient buildings and temples such as Sultanpur Shahi Mosque (500 years old) and Pir-e-Kamel Kari Hafez Sah-Sufi Jonab Hozrat Maolana Azizur Rahman (Rh) was a Muslim
Sufi
Sufism ( ar, ''aṣ-ṣūfiyya''), also known as Tasawwuf ( ''at-taṣawwuf''), is a mystic body of religious practice, found mainly within Sunni Islam but also within Shia Islam, which is characterized by a focus on Islamic spirituality, ...
Saint and local ruler Kalimakhali,
assasuni upozila in satkhira (now in
Bangladesh
Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million people in an area of . Bangladesh is among the mos ...
). Attractions also include the mangrove forest at Kaligonj Upazila. This forest, named Basjharia Joarar Ban, is popularly known as the forest of BADHA. The Joarar Ban is the cause of friction between Bangladesh and Indian border.
Infrastructure
Land ports
![Bhomra](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Bhomra.jpg)
India-Bangladesh (Bhomra
land port): 200 yard distant BGP camp from main port. The Bhomra land port is second largest land port in Bangladesh. The Bhomra land customs station was inaugurated in 1996.
Transport
Roads and highways are Satkhira-Khulna, Satkhira-Jessore, Satkhira-Assasuni-Ghola, Satkhira-Kaligonj-Shyamnagar. Satkhira-Kaligonj-Shyamnagar is very bad due to conductor's corruption.
Education
Recently established one medical college, 79 colleges, one primary teachers training institute, 421 high schools, 41 junior high schools, 259
madrassa
Madrasa (, also , ; Arabic: مدرسة , pl. , ) is the Arabic word for any type of educational institution, secular or religious (of any religion), whether for elementary instruction or higher learning. The word is variously transliterated '' ...
s, 822 government primary schools. Some of the notable educational institutions-
Satkhira Government College
Satkhira City College
Satkhira Medical College
Satkhira Government Girls’ High School
Satkhira Government High School
Satkhira Government Mahila College
Kaliganj Govt. College
Satkhira Day-Night College
Kalaroa government college
Jhaudanga high school
Digital Satkhira
In 1994 few young people started a computer training center as a business and prepared some talents who later started other computer business and ultimately created the idea of digital Satkhira. Slowly the computer replaced manual type machine in the office, bank and other institutions. Schools and colleges started recruiting computer teachers. Many more young people started computer business. Manual (letter) printing presses switched to offset printing using the computer.
First local daily newspaper published name was "Doinik Satkhira Chitra".
First Computer Sales & Service Centre was "Mitul Computer Services"
First Computer Training Centre was "Cosmos Computer"
First Offset Printing Press was "Zahan Offset Printing Press"
In 1999 the Computer Association of Satkhira was established with 30 members. The first president was Mitul Md. Moniruzzaman and General Secretary was Nityananda Sarkar with Vice President Faruque ul-Islam and Sayed Iqbal Babu. Computer Association of Satkhira regularly organizes computer fairs in varieties location for ICT awareness. Some of computer fairs were supported by
Bangladesh Computer Samity
Bangladesh Computer Samity, popularly known as BCS, is the national association of information and communication technologies companies in Bangladesh
Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South ...
with the presence of
Mustafa Jabbar
Mustafa Jabbar (, ; born 12 August 1949) is a Bangladeshi businessman, technology entrepreneur and the current Minister of Post and Telecommunication in the Government of Bangladesh. He also served as the president of Bangladesh Association ...
, current ICT minister.
Notable people
*
A. F. M. Entaz Ali
*
Habibul Islam Habib
Habibul Islam Habib is a Bangladesh Nationalist Party
The Bangladesh Nationalist Party ( bn, বাংলাদেশ জাতীয়তাবাদী দল, Bangladesh Jātīyotābādī Dol; BNP) is a centre-right to right-wing nation ...
- ex-Member of Parliament-105,
Satkhira-1
Satkhira-1 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad (National Parliament) of Bangladesh since 2014 by Mustafa Lutfullah of the Workers Party of Bangladesh
The Workers Party of Bangladesh ( bn, বাংলাদেশের ওয ...
,
Bangladesh National Parliament
The Jatiya Sangsad ( bn, জাতীয় সংসদ, lit=National Parliament, translit=Jatiyô Sôngsôd), often referred to simply as the ''Sangsad'' or JS and also known as the House of the Nation, is the supreme legislative body of B ...
, Publicity and Publication Affairs Secretary
Bangladesh Nationalist Party
The Bangladesh Nationalist Party ( bn, বাংলাদেশ জাতীয়তাবাদী দল, Bangladesh Jātīyotābādī Dol; BNP) is a centre-right to right-wing nationalist, political party in Bangladesh and one of the major ...
*
Khan Bahadur Ahsanullah
Khan Bahadur Ahsanullah (27 December 1873 – 9 February 1965) was an educator, litterateur, Islamic theologist and social reformer of pre-partition India.
He was instrumental in the formation of the University of Dhaka and is the namesake of ...
*
AFM Ruhal Haque
*
Soumya Sarkar
Soumya Sarkar ( bn, সৌম্য সরকার; born 25 February 1993) is a Bangladeshi cricketer. He is a left-handed batsman and a right arm medium-fast bowler who mainly plays as an opening batsman and the creator of the good looking " S ...
*
Mustafizur Rahman
Mustafizur Rahman ( Bengali: মুস্তাফিজুর রহমান; born 6 September 1995) is a Bangladeshi international cricketer. He is a left-arm fast-medium bowler. He won the Emerging Player Award in his first T20 World Cup i ...
*
Nilufar Yasmin
Nilufar Yasmin (13 February 1948 – 10 March 2003) was a Bangladeshi singer of Nazrul Sangeet, Rajanikanta Geeti, Dwijendra Geeti and Atul Prasdi genre. She was the fourth of five Yasmin sisters of Bangladesh music. Her siblings are Farida ...
*
Sabina Yasmin
Sabina Yasmin (born 4 September 1953) is a Bangladeshi singer. She is best known as a playback singer in Bengali cinema. She has won Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer a record 14 times. She has recorded more than 1, ...
*
Amin Khan (actor)
Amin Khan is a Bangladeshi actor. Khan has appeared in about 200 films as well as television shows.
Khan studied in Ideal College, Dhaka.
In 1990, he came in the media through the competition named ''Notun Mukher Shondhane''. He started acting ...
*
Moushumi
Arifa Pervin Zaman (born 3 November,1972), better known by her stage name Moushumi, is a Bangladeshi film actress and director. She won Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Actress three times for her roles in ''Meghla Akash'' (2001), ''Devda ...
*
Moushumi Hamid
Mousumi Hamid (born 12 October 1988) is an actress and model from Bangladesh. She rose to prominence after becoming the 1st runner-up in LUX Channel I Superstar 2010. Since then, she worked in several TV shows such as ''Love Rectangle (Valobas ...
*
Falguni Hamid
Falguni Hamid ( bn, ফাল্গুনী হামিদ) is a Bangladeshi actress, playwright, director and producer. She served as the Director of Bangladesh Shishu Academy. She is the incumbent president of Bangladesh Cine-Journalist As ...
*
Tariq Anam Khan
Tariq Anam Khan (born 10 May) is a Bangladeshi actor, director, writer and producer in theatre, television, and film. He was awarded the Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Actor in Negative role for the film Desha: The Leader in 2014 and in ...
*
Afzal Hossain
Afzal Hossain (born 19 July 1954) is a Bangladeshi actor, director, writer and painter.
Early life
Hossain was born in Parulia, Satkhira in erstwhile East Bengal. His father, Ali Ashraf Hossain, was a medical officer. He has one brother Alfaz Ho ...
*
Rani Sarker
*
Muhammad Wajed Ali
*
Sikandar Abu Jafar[ Sikandar Abu Zafar]
*
S.M Alauddin *
M.R. Khan
Satkhira Government Hospital/Medical College
Private Hospital/Clinic
Private Diagnostic Centre
See also
*
Districts of Bangladesh
*
Khulna Division
The Khulna Division ( bn, খুলনা বিভাগ) is the second largest of the eight divisions of Bangladesh. It has an area of and a population of 15,563,000 at the 2011 Bangladesh census (preliminary returns). Its headquarters and lar ...
Notes
References
![Green field at village bhagbah - 3](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Green_field_at_village_bhagbah_-_3.jpg)
{{Authority control
Districts of Bangladesh