"Sarie Marais" (also known as "My Sarie Marais", ) is a traditional South African folk song, created possibly during the

First Anglo-Boer War The First Boer War ( af, Eerste Vryheidsoorlog, literally "First Freedom War"), 1880–1881, also known as the First Anglo–Boer War, the Transvaal War or the Transvaal Rebellion, was fought from 16 December 1880 until 23 March 1881 betwee ...

(c. 1880) or (more likely) the

Second Anglo-Boer War The Second Boer War ( af, Tweede Vryheidsoorlog, , 11 October 189931 May 1902), also known as the Boer War, the Anglo–Boer War, or the South African War, was a conflict fought between the British Empire and the two Boer Republics (the South ...

(ca. 1900). The tune was possibly taken from a song dating back from the

American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), the latter formed by states th ...

called "Carry me back to Tennessee" or " Sweet Ellie Rhee" with the words roughly translated into

Afrikaans Afrikaans (, ) is a West Germanic language that evolved in the Dutch Cape Colony from the Dutch vernacular of Holland proper (i.e., the Hollandic dialect) used by Dutch, French, and German settlers and their enslaved people. Afrikaans gra ...

. In the English translation, the song begins: "My Sarie Marais is so far from my heart but I hope to see her again. She lived near the Mooi River before this war began..."; and the chorus is: "Oh, take me back to the old

Transvaal Transvaal is a historical geographic term associated with land north of (''i.e.'', beyond) the Vaal River in South Africa. A number of states and administrative divisions have carried the name Transvaal. * South African Republic (1856–1902; af, ...

, there where my Sarie lives, down there among the maize fields near the green thorn tree, there lives my Sarie Marais." It continues about the fear of being removed far, "over the sea" (in fact, of the 28,000

Boer Boers ( ; af, Boere ()) are the descendants of the Dutch-speaking Free Burghers of the eastern Cape Colony, Cape frontier in Southern Africa during the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries. From 1652 to 1795, the Dutch East India Company controll ...

men taken prisoner by the ruling

British British may refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories, and Crown Dependencies. ** Britishness, the British identity and common culture * British English, ...

authorities, over 25,000 were

transported ''Transported'' is an Australian convict melodrama film directed by W. J. Lincoln. It is considered a lost film. Plot In England, Jessie Grey is about to marry Leonard Lincoln but the evil Harold Hawk tries to force her to marry him and she w ...

overseas). As well as becoming very well known in South Africa, the song was taken up by various people, organizations and singers in other countries.

Origins of the song

The origins of the song are unclear. One version of the story refers to the

American American(s) may refer to: * American, something of, from, or related to the United States of America, commonly known as the "United States" or "America" ** Americans, citizens and nationals of the United States of America ** American ancestry, pe ...

folk song Ellie Rhee, written in 1865 by

Septimus Winner Septimus Winner (May 11, 1827 – November 22, 1905) was an American songwriter of the 19th century. He used his own name, and also the pseudonyms Alice Hawthorne, Percy Guyer, Mark Mason, Apsley Street, and Paul Stenton. He was also a teacher ...

(1827–1902) and included in a book entitled "The Cavendish Song Album". The other version of origins the song refers to

Polish Polish may refer to: * Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe * Polish language * Poles Poles,, ; singular masculine: ''Polak'', singular feminine: ''Polka'' or Polish people, are a West Slavic nation and ethnic group, w ...

socialist Socialism is a left-wing economic philosophy and movement encompassing a range of economic systems characterized by the dominance of social ownership of the means of production as opposed to private ownership. As a term, it describes the e ...

song '' Gdy Naród do Boju''( pl.wiki) (alternative title - ''Szlachta 1831''), written in 1835 by Gustaw Ehrenberg. Music for this song composed

Fryderyk Chopin The Fryderyk is the annual award in Polish music. Its name refers to the original Polish spelling variant of Polish composer Frédéric Chopin's first name. Its status in the Polish public can be compared to the American Grammy and the UK's B ...

in 1848. An account on the National Anthems forum supports J.P. Toerien as author and his wife Sarie Maré as the subject of the song. It too suggests the song's origins go back to '' Sweet Ellie Rhee''. The claim is that this song was sung by Americans working in the Transvaal gold mines, and heard there by Afrikaans journalist and poet Jacobus Petrus Toerien, who re-wrote the song in Afrikaans, replacing the name of Ellie Rhee with that of his own beloved Sarie Maré (Susara Margaretha Maré). Another account is that the song dates from the

(1880–1881). When Ella de Wet, wife of General Louis Botha's

military attaché A military attaché is a military expert who is attached to a diplomatic mission, often an embassy. This type of attaché post is normally filled by a high-ranking military officer, who retains a commission while serving with an embassy. Opport ...

Nicolaas Jacobus de Wet Nicolaas Jacobus de Wet, PC, QC (11 September 1873 – 16 March 1960) was a South African politician, lawyer, and judge who was Chief Justice of South Africa and acting Governor-General from 1943 to 1945. Early life De Wet was born and went t ...

came to the battle front to see her husband she often played on the piano while the nearby burghers sang songs from the Cavendish album. The burghers supposedly wanted to honour their field chaplain Dominee Paul Nel, who often told stories around the campfires about his childhood and his beautiful mother ''Sarie Maré'', who died young. Whatever its origins, the song changed and got more verses as time went on. This accounts for the reference to the ''Kakies'' ( af) (or

khaki The color khaki (, ) is a light shade of tan with a slight yellowish tinge. Khaki has been used by many armies around the world for uniforms and equipment, particularly in arid or desert regions, where it provides camouflage relative to sandy ...

s), as the

Boers Boers ( ; af, Boere ()) are the descendants of the Dutch-speaking Free Burghers of the eastern Cape frontier in Southern Africa during the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries. From 1652 to 1795, the Dutch East India Company controlled this area ...

called the

soldiers during the

. They were known as ''Rooibaadjies'' ("red coats") during the

Later spread and influence of the song

The song quickly spread due to soldiers coming back from the South African Boer War. The melody was adopted in 1953 as the official march of the

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and North ...

Commandos Royal Marines from 40 Commando on patrol in the Sangin">40_Commando.html" ;"title="Royal Marines from 40 Commando">Royal Marines from 40 Commando on patrol in the Sangin area of Afghanistan are pictured A commando is a combatant, or operativ ...

and is played after the

Regimental March A regiment is a military unit. Its role and size varies markedly, depending on the country, service and/or a specialisation. In Medieval Europe, the term "regiment" denoted any large body of front-line soldiers, recruited or conscripted ...

on ceremonial occasions. The French

École militaire interarmes The ''Combined Arms School'' or ''Joint military school'', known as École Militaire Interarmes or EMIA, is a military school of the French Army intended to train officers who have risen from the ranks. It was founded in 1942 and based in a rural ...

also sings the song, in its French translation. The song has been sung by

Jim Reeves James Travis Reeves (August 20, 1923July 31, 1964) was an American country and popular music singer-songwriter. With records charting from the 1950s to the 1980s, he became well known as a practitioner of the Nashville Sound. Known as "Gentleman ...

and Kenneth McKellar in

. Sarie,

Volksblad The ''Volksblad'' (English: People's Journal) is an Afrikaans-language daily newspaper published in Bloemfontein, South Africa, and distributed in the Free State and Northern Cape The Northern Cape is the largest and most sparsely populated ...

's sister magazine, was also named for her. Many hotels and apartment complexes are named after her. During the first international broadcast between South Africa, Britain, and America during the birthday of Mrs. Isie Smuts, the wife of the prime minister, General

Jan Smuts Field Marshal Jan Christian Smuts, (24 May 1870 11 September 1950) was a South African statesman, military leader and philosopher. In addition to holding various military and cabinet posts, he served as prime minister of the Union of South Af ...

, Sarie Marais was sung by Gracie Fields. During the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

, there was a unit of soldiers called "Sarie Marais calling". The South African army, as well as the French foreign legion, play this march during parades. It is also the official song of the Girl Guides of Sri Lanka ( Ceylon ) who heard the ''Boerekrygsgevangenes'' ( af – Boer prisoner of war) perform it during the beginning of the last century. During the 1930s it was incorrectly played as South Africa's official national anthem. Germans cultivated a pink rose called Sarie Maries which is planted in the School of Armour in Tempe, Bloemfontein.

''Sarie Marais'' (1931): the first South African film with sound

''Sarie Marais'' was also the title of the first

South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the north by the neighbouring countri ...

talking picture A sound film is a motion picture with synchronization, synchronized sound, or sound technologically coupled to image, as opposed to a silent film. The first known public exhibition of projected sound films took place in Paris in 1900, but decad ...

, directed by Joseph Albrecht ( af) and made in 1931. Filmed in

Johannesburg Johannesburg ( , , ; Zulu and xh, eGoli ), colloquially known as Jozi, Joburg, or "The City of Gold", is the largest city in South Africa, classified as a megacity, and is one of the 100 largest urban areas in the world. According to Demo ...

, ''Sarie Marais'' manages to pack a lot into its 10-minute running time. Set in a

POW camp A prisoner-of-war camp (often abbreviated as POW camp) is a site for the containment of enemy fighters captured by a belligerent power in time of war. There are significant differences among POW camps, internment camps, and military prisons. ...

, the film concentrates on a group of

prisoners as they pass the time under the watchful eye of their

guards. One of the internees, played by Billy Mathews, lifts his voice in song with the popular

patriotic tune "My Sarie Marais". His enthusiasm catches on with the other prisoners of war, giving them hope for the future. Shortly after this film's release, a group of Afrikaner nationalists established a

film production Filmmaking (film production) is the process by which a motion picture is produced. Filmmaking involves a number of complex and discrete stages, starting with an initial story, idea, or commission. It then continues through screenwriting, casti ...

organisation called the ''Reddingsdaad-Bond-Amateur-Rolprent Organisasie'' (Rescue Action League Amateur Film Organisation), which rallied against

and

films pervading the country. Francis Coley directed a remake of this film, again titled ''Sarie Marais'' in 1949 ( af).

''
Sarie ''Sarie'' is a South African women's magazine, written in Afrikaans. It is published by Media24, and is their oldest publication for women, first published in 1949 under the title ''Sarie Marais''. Based in Cape Town, it is the most popular ...
'' women's magazine

The contemporary

women's magazine ''

Sarie ''Sarie'' is a South African women's magazine, written in Afrikaans. It is published by Media24, and is their oldest publication for women, first published in 1949 under the title ''Sarie Marais''. Based in Cape Town, it is the most popular ...

'' takes its name from this song. Originally entitled ''Sarie Marais'' – a name which at the time (1949) of its first publication was synonymous with the idea of empowered Afrikaans womanhood – it was the first Afrikaans magazine to focus on the female market, with a content ranging from fashion, decor, and beauty to relationship advice and family planning.

The actual Sarie Marais

It is not clear if Sarie Marais was a real person or fictitious. Two persons have been mentioned as being the real Sarie Marais: Sarie Maré (full name Sara Johanna Adriana Maré) (1840–1877) and Sarie Maré (full name Susara Margaretha Maré) (1869–1939).

Sara Johanna Adriana Maré

Sara Johanna Adriana Maré was born in

Uitenhage Uitenhage ( ; ), officially renamed Kariega, is a South African town in the Eastern Cape Province. It is well known for the Volkswagen factory located there, which is the biggest car factory on the African continent. Along with the city of Port El ...

Cape Province The Province of the Cape of Good Hope ( af, Provinsie Kaap die Goeie Hoop), commonly referred to as the Cape Province ( af, Kaapprovinsie) and colloquially as The Cape ( af, Die Kaap), was a province in the Union of South Africa and subsequen ...

on 10 May 1840. She married Louis Jacobus Nel in 1857 in

Pietermaritzburg Pietermaritzburg (; Zulu: umGungundlovu) is the capital and second-largest city in the province of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. It was founded in 1838 and is currently governed by the Msunduzi Local Municipality. Its Zulu name umGungundlovu ...

. Maré died at the age of 37 after giving birth to her 11th child, and was buried near the old homestead on their farm ''Welgegund'', near

Greytown, KwaZulu-Natal Greytown is a town situated on the banks of a tributary of the Umvoti River in a richly fertile timber-producing area of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. History Greytown was established in the 1850s and named after the governor of the Cape Colony ...

. As noted above, one of her sons was field chaplain Dominee Paul Nel, who served in the

and supposedly often told stories around the campfires about his childhood and his beautiful mother ''Sarie Maré'', who died young.

Susara Margaretha Maré

Susara Margaretha Maré (1869–1939), eldest daughter of Jacob Philippus Maré and Cornelia Susanna Jacoba Erasmus, was born on 15 April 1869 at Eendraght (translated to Unity) Farm, in

Suikerbosrand Suikerbosrand Nature Reserve is a protected area in the Suikerbosrand Range, South Africa. It is one of Gauteng’s most frequented ecotourism destinations. Set just a short distance from Johannesburg, an hour's drive from Johannesburg Interna ...

. In later life she was also nicknamed Tant Mossie (auntie Mossie). Her parents were

Voortrekker The Great Trek ( af, Die Groot Trek; nl, De Grote Trek) was a Northward migration of Dutch-speaking settlers who travelled by wagon trains from the Cape Colony into the interior of modern South Africa from 1836 onwards, seeking to live beyon ...

s who established themselves in the Suikerbosrand area. Her father Jacob Maré became highly regarded in the

, and a street in

Pretoria Pretoria () is South Africa's administrative capital, serving as the seat of the Executive (government), executive branch of government, and as the host to all foreign embassies to South Africa. Pretoria straddles the Apies River and extends ...

is named for him. At the time when Susara Margaretha's parents settled in the area, the town of

Heidelberg Heidelberg (; Palatine German language, Palatine German: ''Heidlberg'') is a city in the States of Germany, German state of Baden-Württemberg, situated on the river Neckar in south-west Germany. As of the 2016 census, its population was 159,914 ...

still did not exist. The greatest concentration of voortrekkers could be found near the Mooirivier, where

Potchefstroom Potchefstroom (, colloquially known as Potch) is an academic city in the North West Province of South Africa. It hosts the Potchefstroom Campus of the North-West University. Potchefstroom is on the Mooi Rivier (Afrikaans for "pretty river" ...

stands today. Suikerbosrand was at that time in the

Mooirivier Mooi River ( af, Mooirivier) is a small town situated at 1,389m above sea level and 160km from the coast in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The first European settlement in the area was at Mooi River Drift in 1852. This was formally named Weston in 1 ...

Ward. When she was 16 years old, she met Jacobus Petrus Toerien – journalist (and later a well-known poet) who wrote under the pseudonym of ''Jepete'' in " Ons Kleintje" and was editor of " Di Patriot". As a representative of the Patriots of

Paarl Paarl (; Afrikaans: ; derived from ''Parel'', meaning "pearl" in Dutch) is a town with 112,045 inhabitants in the Western Cape province of South Africa. It is the third-oldest city and European settlement in the Republic of South Africa (after ...

, he was in

to conduct a meeting with her father. They were married and had sixteen children, of whom only eight survived. One common version of the song's origin attributes its authorship to Toerien, who heard the song Sweet Ellie Rhee from American workers in the Transvaal gold mines. In the time between the First War of Independence and the second one – as the wars with the British were considered – Toerien re-wrote the song in Afrikaans, substituting for the name of Ellie Rhee that of his own beloved wife Sarie Maré. The words still did not exactly match the ones we know today. Maré later became Marais due to a misspelling. In 1899 Sarie was hit by a bullet. She was not hit by the English soldiers, but by others. Sarie was a very religious woman, and in later years tried her best to disassociate herself from the song. When Jacobus died in 1920, she moved her daughters to

Bloemfontein Bloemfontein, ( ; , "fountain of flowers") also known as Bloem, is one of South Africa's three capital cities and the capital of the Free State (province), Free State province. It serves as the country's judicial capital, along with legisla ...

where she lived the rest of her life. She died there on 22 December 1939, at the age of 73. She is buried in an unmarked grave in the Memoriam-begraafplaas (memorium burying place) by the Vrouemonument (woman's monument)

"Sweet Ellie Rhee" lyrics

The

folk song, " Ellie Rhee", (or "Carry me back to Tennessee" written in 1865 by

(1827–1902), is widely considered to have influenced the South African song. Sweet Ellie Rhee, so dear to me
Is lost forever more
Our home was down in Tennessee
Before this cruel war

The American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), the latter formed by states ...

Then carry me back to Tennessee
Back where I long to be
Amid the fields of yellow corn
To my darling Ellie Rhee

Afrikaans lyrics

Originally in the

version it was ''Sarie Maré'' which then became ''Marais''.

Original Dutch version (ca 1880)

Dutch:
Mijn lieve Sarah Marais is ver weg van mij,
maar ik hoop om haar weer te zien.
Ik ontmoette haar voor het uitbreken van de oorlog
in de wyk van Mooi Rivier . Chorus: :O, lang ik om terug te gaan naar de Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek, :waar mijn lieve Sarie woont. :Daar, tussen het koren en het groene doorn boom, :daar woont mijn lieve Sarie Marais. Translation:
My dear Sarah Marais is far away from me,
But I hope to see her again.
I met her before the outbreak of war
In the Mooi River county. Chorus: :Oh, I long to go back to the South African Republic, :where my dear Sarie lives. :There, among the corn and the green thorn tree, :there lives my dear Sarah Marais.

Another version in Afrikaans

Afrikaans:
''My Sarie Marais is so ver van my af
''Maar ek hoop haar weer te sien;
''Sy het in die wyk van Mooirivier gewoon
''Nog voor die oorlog het begin.'' Chorus: :''O bring my terug na die ou Transvaal'' :''Daar waar my Sarie woon:'' :''Daar onder in die mielies by die groen doringboom,'' :''Daar woon my Sarie Marais!'' ''Ek was so bang dat die Kakies my sou vang
''En ver oor die see wegstuur,
''Toe vlug ek na die kant van die Upington se sand,
''Daar onder by die Grootrivier.
'' :Chorus ''O bring my terug na die ou Transvaal
''Daar war my Sarie woon;
''Daar onder in die mielies by die groen doringboom
''Daar woon my Sarie Marais!''
Translation:
My Sarie Marais is so far from me,
But I hope to see her again
She lived in the neighbourhood of the Mooi River
Even before the war began.
Chorus: : Oh bring me back to the old Transvaal : There where my Sarie lives; : Down there in the corn by the green thorn-tree: : There lives my Sarie Marais! I was so scared that the Khakis would catch me
And send me far across the sea.
That I fled to the side of the Upington's sand
Down there by the Great River.
:Chorus: Oh bring me back to the old Transvaal
There where my Sarie lives,
Down by the corn at the green thorn tree
There lives my Sarie Marais!

Modern Afrikaans version

Afrikaans:
My Sarie Marais is so ver van my hart,
Maar ek hoop om haar weer te sien.
Sy het in die wyk van die Mooirivier gewoon,
Nog voor die oorlog het begin. Chorus: :O bring my terug na die ou Transvaal, :Daar waar my Sarie woon. :Daar onder in die mielies, by die groen doring boom, :Daar woon my Sarie Marais, :Daar onder in die mielies by die groen doringboom :Daar woon my Sarie Marais. Ek was so bang, dat die Kakies my sou vang
En ver oor die see wegstuur;
Toe vlug ek na die kant van die Upington se sand
Onder langs die groot Rivier. Chorus Die Kakies is mos net soos 'n krokodil, 'n pes,
Hulle sleep jou altyd water toe;
Hul gooi jou op 'n skip vir 'n lange, lange trip,
Die josie weet waarnatoe. Chorus Verlossing het gekom en huis toe gaan was daar,
Terug na die ou Transvaal;
My lieflingspersoon sal seker ook daar wees
Om my met 'n soen te beloon. Chorus Translation:
My Sarie Marais is so far from my heart
But I hope to see her again.
She lived in the Mooi River neighborhood,
Yet before the war had begun.
Chorus: : Oh bring me back to the old Transvaal, : Where my Sarie lives. : Down in the corn, by the green thorn tree, : There lives my Sarie Marais, : Down in the corn at the green thorn tree : There lives my Sarie Marais. I was so scared that the Khakis would catch me
And send far across the sea;
Then I fled to the side of the Upington sand
Down along the Great river.
:Chorus The Khakis are just like a crocodile, a pest,
They always drag you to water;
They throw you on a ship for a long, long trip,
Who knows where to.
:Chorus Liberation came and the return home was there,
Back to the old Transvaal;
My darling will surely be there too
To reward me with a kiss.
Chorus

Translations

The song ''Sarie Marais'' has been translated into many languages including

English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England ** English national ide ...

, French,

Spanish Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries **Spanish cuisine Other places * Spanish, Ontario, Can ...

(by the

Afrikaners Afrikaners () are a South African ethnic group descended from Free Burghers, predominantly Dutch settlers first arriving at the Cape of Good Hope in the 17th and 18th centuries.Entry: Cape Colony. ''Encyclopædia Britannica Volume 4 Part 2: ...

who emigrated to

Patagonia Patagonia () refers to a geographical region that encompasses the southern end of South America, governed by Argentina and Chile. The region comprises the southern section of the Andes Mountains with lakes, fjords, temperate rainforests, and gl ...

in 1903),

Italian Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, an ethnic group or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance language *** Regional Ita ...

and

Russian Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including: *Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and peo ...

Literal English translation

My Sarie Marais is so far from my heart
But I hope to see her again
She lived in the area of Mooi-river
Before the war began Chorus: :Oh bring me back to the old Transvaal :Where my Sarie lives :There by the maize :By the green thorn tree :There my Sarie lives I was so scared that the Kahkis would catch me
And send me far across the sea
So I fled to Upington
there next to the Grootriver Chorus The khakis are just like crocodiles
They always drag you to the water
They throw you on a ship for a long long trip;
Who knows where they're taking you Chorus Relief came and it was possible that we could go home
back to the old Transvaal
My love will surely also be there
to reward me with a kiss

Poetic English lyrics by Josef Marais (1939)

My Sarie Marais is so far from my heart
And I'm longing to see her again
She lived on a farm on the Mooi river's bank
Before I left on this campaign. Chorus: :Oh bring me back to the old Transvaal :That's where I long to be :Way yonder 'mongst the mealie :By the green thorny tree :Sarie is waiting for me :I wonder if I'll ever :See that green thorny tree :There where she's waiting for me I feared that the soldiers would get hold of me
They would send me away over sea
I fled over land to the Orange river sand
In Upington I would be free
Chorus At last there was peace and I started for home
To the Transvaal I've always adored
My Sarie Marais will be waiting there for me
Her kiss will be my best reward
Chorus

Sources

External links

Synopsis of 1931 film ''Sarie Marais''mp3 audio file – ''Sarie Marais'' played by the Band of HM Royal Marines Commando Training CentreMP3 audio file – ''Sarie Marais'' sung in Dutchified Afrikaans by unknown singer
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sarie Marais South African folk songs South African songs

Marais Marais (, meaning "marsh") may refer to: People * Marais (given name) * Marais (surname) Other uses * Le Marais, historic district of Paris * Théâtre du Marais, the name of several theatres and theatrical troupes in Paris, France * Marais (c ...

British military marches 1880s songs Afrikaans-language songs Dutch-language songs