''Sadwavirus'' is a genus of
viruses
A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea.
Since Dmitri Ivanovsky's ...
in the order ''
Picornavirales
''Picornavirales'' is an order of viruses with vertebrate, invertebrate, protist and plant hosts. The name has a dual etymology. First, ''picorna-'' is an acronym for poliovirus, insensitivity to ether, coxsackievirus, orphan virus, rhinovirus, ...
'', in the family ''
Secoviridae
''Secoviridae'' is a family of viruses in the order ''Picornavirales''. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are 8 genera and 86 species in this family, one of which is unassigned to a genus. The family was created in 2009 with the grouping of f ...
''. Plants (specifically
Satsuma Satsuma may refer to:
* Satsuma (fruit), a citrus fruit
* ''Satsuma'' (gastropod), a genus of land snails
Places Japan
* Satsuma, Kagoshima, a Japanese town
* Satsuma District, Kagoshima, a district in Kagoshima Prefecture
* Satsuma Domain, a sou ...
mandarin trees) serve as natural hosts. There are three subgenera and five species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: satsuma dwarf virus disease which causes spoon-shaped leaves on citrus tree. Symptoms are
enations, multiple flushing, stunting or dwarfing, reduction in number and size of leaves and fruits.
The name of this genus comes from one of its species: Satsuma dwarf virus.
Taxonomy
The following subgenera and species are recognized:
* ''
Cholivirus''
** ''
Chocolate lily virus A''
** ''
Dioscorea mosaic associated virus''
* ''
Satsumavirus''
** ''
Satsuma dwarf virus''
* ''
Stramovirus''
** ''
Black raspberry necrosis virus''
** ''
Strawberry mottle virus''
Structure
Viruses in ''Sadwavirus'' are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=pseudo3 symmetry. The diameter is around 25-30 nm.
The
genome
In the fields of molecular biology and genetics, a genome is all the genetic information of an organism. It consists of nucleotide sequences of DNA (or RNA in RNA viruses). The nuclear genome includes protein-coding genes and non-coding g ...
is segmented into two parts of linear, positive-sense, single-stranded
RNA, 11000-12000
nucleotides
Nucleotides are organic molecules consisting of a nucleoside and a phosphate. They serve as monomeric units of the nucleic acid polymers – deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), both of which are essential biomolecules with ...
in length,
[Index of Viruses - Sadwavirus (2006). In: ICTVdB - The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/Ictv/fs_index.htm] where one segment is about 7kb and the second segment is 4.6 to 5.4kb.
Life cycle
Viral replication is cytoplasmic, and is lysogenic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by tubule-guided viral movement.
Plants serve as the natural host. The virus is transmitted via a vector (but not SMOV). Transmission routes are vector, seed borne, and grafting.
References
External links
Viralzone: SadwavirusICTV* UniProt Taxonom
{{Taxonbar, from=Q7398138
Secoviridae
Virus genera