SMS Ägir

SMS was the second and final member of the of coastal defense ships () built for the Imperial German Navy. She had one sister ship, . was named for the norse god, and was built by the (Imperial Shipyard) in Danzig between 1893 and 1896. She was armed with a main battery of three guns. She served in the German fleet throughout the 1890s and was rebuilt in 1901–1903. She served in the VI Battle Squadron after the outbreak of World War I in August 1914, but saw no action. was demobilized in 1915 and used as a tender thereafter. After the war, she was rebuilt as a merchant ship and served in this capacity until December 1929, when she was wrecked on the island of Gotland.

Design

In the late 1880s, the German (Imperial Navy) grappled with the problem of what type of capital ship to build in the face of limited naval budgets (owing to parliamentary objections to naval spending and the cost of dredging the Kaiser Wilhelm Canal). General Leo von Caprivi, the new (Chief of the Admiralty), was able to secure approval from the (Imperial Diet) for ten small coastal defense ships, the first six of which became the , which carried three main battery guns in individual barbette mounts. Proposals for the last four included redesigning the vessels to add another main battery gun in two-gun turrets came to nothing owing to the cost of other naval programs—most notably the s. The two ships were ultimately built to a modified version of the design that incorporated improvements to the armor layout and other minor changes.

was long overall and had a beam of and a maximum draft of . She displaced normally and up to at full load. Her propulsion system consisted of two vertical 3-cylinder triple-expansion steam engines. Steam for the engines was provided by eight coal-fired Thornycroft boilers. The ship's propulsion system provided a top speed of from , though she exceeded both figures slightly on speed tests. She carried of coal, which gave her a range of approximately at . Because she had twice the number of electrical generators as her sister, was nicknamed "" (Electric Anna). The ship had a crew of 20 officers and 256 enlisted men.

The ship was armed with three K L/35 guns mounted in three single-gun barbettes fitted with gun shields. Two were placed side by side forward, and the third was located aft of the main superstructure. They were supplied with a total of 204 rounds of ammunition. The ship was also equipped with a secondary battery of ten SK L/30 guns in single mounts spaced along the center part of the vessel, five guns per broadside. also carried three torpedo tubes, two in swivel mounts on the deck amidships and one in the bow, submerged below the waterline. The ship was protected by an armored belt that was thick in the central citadel, and an armored deck that was thick. The conning tower had thick sides.

Modifications

In 1903–1904, was extensively rebuilt. Her old boilers were replaced with eight new Marine type boilers and her length was increased to . This increased her displacement to at full load. The lengthened hull, which improved her hydrodynamic shape, and the improved boilers increased her speed by a full knot, to . Her coal storage was increased to , which allowed her to steam for an additional . The modernization work was completed by 1903, at which point she returned to active service.

Service history

Construction – 1899

was laid down at the (Imperial Shipyard) in Kiel on 28 November 1892 under the contract name "T". She was launched on 3 April 1895, and was christened by Kaiser Wilhelm II at the ceremony. Fitting-out work was completed by October 1896, and she was commissioned on 15 October 1896 for sea trials, which lasted until April 1897. Her commander during her trials period was (''KK''—Corvette Captain) Johannes Wallmann. After completing her trials, had her crew reduced and she was assigned to the Reserve Division of the Baltic Sea, where she became the 2nd flagship on 29 September. The unit was at that time based in Kiel. In July, ''KK'' Oskar von Truppel took command of the ship for a month before her crew was again reduced in August. Upon the ship's reactivation in September, ''KK'' Max Rollmann became the ship's captain. embarked on a short training cruise to Wilhelmshaven in November.

The ship conducted shooting practice in 1898 and participated in the annual training maneuvers with the rest of the German fleet in August and September. During the exercises, which were held in the Baltic and North Seas, she served as the flagship of II Battle Squadron, which was temporarily formed for the maneuvers. The unit included her sister ship and four of the -class ships, along with the two s and a flotilla of torpedo boats. (Rear Admiral) Paul Hoffmann flew his flag aboard . After the end of the exercises, ''KK'' Hugo von Pohl relieved Rollmann in October. In December, she and visited Copenhagen, Denmark, on a training cruise.

From late April to 31 May 1899, was activated for operations with I Battle Squadron in place of the armored corvette , which had accidentally run aground and needed repairs. participated in a cruise with the rest of the squadron to Britain, where they represented Germany at an international fleet review held for Queen Victoria's 80th birthday. The ships then cruised south to visit Portugal. During a cruise in the Kattegat in June, was among the vessels that came to the assistance of the Norddeutscher Lloyd steamship , which had run aground. She also helped pull free the protected cruiser , which had also grounded in the Great Belt. The next month, ''KK'' Max Bachem replaced Pohl. During the fleet maneuvers that year, served as the flagship of IV Division, II Squadron, under the command of ''KAdm'' Conrad von Bodenhausen. The ship's participation in the exercises was cut short on 28 August, when she collided with the British steamer off Darßer Ort during a night training exercise. ''Aberfoyle'' struck below her forward main battery gun on the starboard side below the waterline in the accident, causing a serious leak. She was forced to return to the in Kiel for repairs. The work was completed quickly, allowing to participate in the latter stage of the maneuvers. Following the conclusion of the exercises, she returned to the Reserve Division.

1900–1914

On 2 June, and assisted the passenger liner , which had run aground in the Stettiner Haff. The rest of the year passed relatively uneventfully, apart from the fleet maneuvers in August and September, as usual. On 25 September, the Reserve Division was relocated to Danzig, where was decommissioned. She continued to operate with the Reserve Division in 1901, and during its active period, the squadron was commanded by ''KAdm'' Hugo von Schuckmann, who flew his flag aboard . ''KK'' Gerhard Gerdes took command of the vessel when she was reactivated in July. While on divisional exercises in the Strander Bucht on 6 August, suffered a boiler room fire that badly injured five crewmen. II Squadron was reformed for the fleet maneuvers later that month, and resumed her role as the squadron flagship for (Vice Admiral) Volkmar von Arnim. The ship was initially delayed from participating in the exercises by machinery problems. After the exercises concluded in mid-September, returned to the Reserve Division of the Baltic. ''KK'' von Witzleben replaced Gerdes after the maneuvers, and in October, embarked on a training cruise in the western Baltic along the coast of East Prussia.

In April 1902, conducted torpedo practice with the coastal defense ship in the Bay of Kiel. Another training cruise in the Baltic followed in May, by which time ''KK'' Hartwig von Dassel had relieved Witzleben temporarily. In June, Witzleben had returned to the vessel, and she went to visit Larvik, Norway. She had returned to Danzig by 30 June, where she was decommissioned for an extensive reconstruction at the there. The work began in February 1903 and concluded in September 1904. The ship was recommissioned on 10 October and returned to her old unit, which had by this time been expanded into a full squadron. She conducted sea trials through March 1905. During this period, she was assigned to the Naval Artillery Inspectorate along with the coastal defense ship to serve as training ships for gunnery and torpedo practice. On 2 April, after a cruise in the Baltic, stopped in Danzig, where her crew assisted in the suppression of a fire at the Klawitter shipyard. Over the following months, she took part in the cruises and training exercises with the other training vessels of the fleet.

In July, the ship took part in experiments with various devices to measure weather and air currents. In June and July, joined the fleet for a summer cruise to visit numerous ports in Norway, Sweden, and Denmark. From 20 to 24 July, she stopped in Copenhagen with the rest of the fleet. The ship took part in the fleet maneuvers in August and September as usual, after which ''KK'' Hugo Louran became the ship's commander. In November she made a short training cruise from Danzig to Kiel. The year 1906 followed the same pattern, including exercises with the fleet's training ships in the first half of the year, a cruise to Norway in July, and the large-scale maneuvers in August and September. ''KK'' Maximilian Rogge served as the ship's commander from March to September. He was thereafter replaced by ''KK'' Walter Engelhardt. In mid-December, towed the tanker , which had struck an uncharted shoal off the Vistula estuary. For the next three years, the ship's activity consisted primarily of training exercises; during this period, she was assigned to III Battle Squadron, which was at that time temporarily established each year for the annual fleet maneuvers. Engelhardt remained the ship's captain until March 1909, when ''KK'' Friedrich Kloebe relieved him. On 15 September 1909, was decommissioned in Danzig and was assigned to the inactive reserve fleet.

World War I

Following the outbreak of World War I in July 1914, was mobilized for wartime service. She was recommissioned on 12 August and assigned to VI Battle Squadron with the other seven coastal defense ships of the and classes. briefly served as the flagship of the squadron's deputy commander, ''RAdm'' Ehler Behring before he was transferred to command a different unit in the Baltic. The ships of VI Squadron conducted readiness training for the next month, and on 14 September they were transferred to the North Sea to guard Germany's coast. For the next several months, the ships alternated between the mouth of the Weser river and Jade Bay, the latter being the location of Germany's primary naval base in the North Sea, Wilhelmshaven. In December, the squadron flagship, , went to assist the steamer , which had run aground in the outer Jade; grounded as well and was seriously damaged. While was in drydock for repairs, became the squadron flagship.

On 31 August 1915, the squadron was disbanded, and the next day was assigned to the harbor flotilla based in the Weser. She remained in service until 14 January 1916, when she was decommissioned in Wilhelmshaven. She was then disarmed and converted into a barracks ship for shipyard workers in Wilhelmshaven, a role she filled to the end of the war.

Postwar conversion and wreckage

Following Germany's defeat in November 1918, was stricken from the naval register on 17 June 1919. The navy thereafter sold the ship to be converted into a merchant vessel; the work was done at the Deutsche Werke shipyard in Rüstringen. She was operated by A. Bernstein Co., out of Hamburg, and was used to ship train engines to Leningrad, Soviet Union.

Her last journey was transporting Ford cars and parts for cars and motorcycles from England to Stockholm and Helsinki. On 6 December 1929, she ran aground in thick fog south of Stora Karlsö just west of Gotland. Two salvage boats quickly reached her, but as she was firmly lodged on the shallows the captain turned them down and preferred to wait for assistance from Germany. Two days later, the weather changed into a storm that tore a hole in the bottom of the ship, which began to sink. Personnel at Stora Karlsö Lighthouse managed to save 15 of the crew members before the ship was lost on 8 December; three more were saved in a lifeboat. Most of the cargo was eventually salvaged.

Her bow ornament is preserved at the Laboe Naval Memorial.

Footnotes

Notes

Citations

References

*
*
*
*

Further reading

*

{{DEFAULTSORT:Aegir
Odin-class coastal defense ships
Ships built in Kiel
1895 ships
World War I coastal defense ships of Germany
Shipwrecks in the Baltic Sea
Maritime incidents in 1929
Merchant ships of Germany