The russet-crowned quail-dove (''Zentrygon goldmani'') is a

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

bird Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweigh ...

in the family

Columbidae Columbidae () is a bird family consisting of doves and pigeons. It is the only family in the order Columbiformes. These are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills that in some species feature fleshy ceres. They primarily ...

. It is found in

Panama Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ), officially the Republic of Panama ( es, República de Panamá), is a transcontinental country spanning the southern part of North America and the northern part of South America. It is bordered by Cos ...

and far northwestern

Colombia Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in North America—near Nicaragua's Caribbean coast—as well as in the Pacific Ocean. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Car ...

Taxonomy and systematics

The russet-crowned quail-dove was originally described in genus ''Geotrygon'', then later placed in genus ''Oreopelia'', and later still in its present ''Zentrygon''.Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 24 August 2021. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved August 24, 2021 It is thought to be closely related to the

lined quail-dove The lined quail-dove (''Zentrygon linearis'') is a species of bird in the family Columbidae. It is found in Colombia, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela. Taxonomy and systematics The lined quail-dove's taxonomic history is complex. It was ori ...

(''Z. linearis'').Baptista, L. F., P. W. Trail, H. M. Horblit, and P. F. D. Boesman (2020). Russet-crowned Quail-Dove (''Zentrygon goldmani''), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.rcqdov1.01 retrieved September 25, 2021 It has two subspecies, the nominate ''Z. g. goldmani'' and ''Z. g. oreas''.

Description

Male russet-crowned quail-doves are long and females . Adults weigh about . Audlt males of the nominate subspecies have a russet brown crown and nape with a lighter forehead and the rest of the face. They have a black malar stripe. The hindneck is brown and the upperparts and wings brown with a purple tinge. The throat and breast are gray, the belly whitish gray, and the flanks brown. The eye is orange with a red rim surrounded by bare gray skin, and there is a red spot in front of the eye. The legs and feet are red. The female's gray breast has a brown tinge and the wings are a less reddish brown than the male's. Juveniles' upperparts are dull buffy cinnamon and the underparts are dusky brown with reddish buff feather edges. Adults of ''Z. g. oreas'' are overall darker than the nominate but otherwise similar.

Distribution and habitat

The nominate subspecies of russet-crowned quail-dove is resident from Panama's eastern

Panamá Province Panamá is a province of Panama. It is the location of the national capital Panama City, which also serves as the provincial capital. The governor of the province is Judy Meana, appointed by President Laurentino Cortizo and sworn in on 16 April ...

through

Darién Province Darién (, , ) is a province in Panama whose capital city is La Palma. With an area of , it is located at the eastern end of the country and bordered to the north by the province of Panamá and the region of Kuna Yala. To the south, it is border ...

into extreme northwestern Colombia. ''Z. g. oreas'' is found in eastern Panama but west of the nominate. It inhabits subtropical forest in foothills and lower highlands, generally at elevations between but as low as in Colombia.

Behavior

Feeding

The russet-crowned quail-dove usually feeds on the forest floor; its diet is primarily seeds.

Breeding

Essentially nothing is known about the russet-crowned quail-dove's breeding

phenology Phenology is the study of periodic events in biological life cycles and how these are influenced by seasonality, seasonal and interannual variations in climate, as well as environmental factor, habitat factors (such as elevation). Examples includ ...

Vocalization

The russet-crowned quail-dove's song is "a single slightly overslurred note ''wOuu'', sometimes sounding bi-syllabic."

Status

The

IUCN The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natu ...

has assessed the russet-crowned quail-dove as Near Threatened. It has a small range and its population has declined due to habitat loss. " tensive research srequired, as well as surveys in order to establish tspopulation size and trends."

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q27074695

russet-crowned quail-dove The russet-crowned quail-dove (''Zentrygon goldmani'') is a species of bird in the family Columbidae. It is found in Panama and far northwestern Colombia. Taxonomy and systematics The russet-crowned quail-dove was originally described in gen ...

Birds of Panama Birds of Colombia

Taxonomy articles created by Polbot Chocó–Darién moist forests