The Roman Catholic Diocese of Chełmno ( pl, Diecezja chełmińska; german: Bistum Kulm/Culm) was a

Roman Catholic Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a lette ...

diocese In Ecclesiastical polity, church governance, a diocese or bishopric is the ecclesiastical district under the jurisdiction of a bishop. History In the later organization of the Roman Empire, the increasingly subdivided Roman province, pro ...

Chełmno Land Chełmno land ( pl, ziemia chełmińska, or Kulmerland, Old Prussian: ''Kulma'', lt, Kulmo žemė) is a part of the historical region of Pomerelia, located in central-northern Poland. Chełmno land is named after the city of Chełmno (hist ...

, founded in 1243 and disbanded in 1992."Diocese of Pelplin"
''

Catholic-Hierarchy.org ''Catholic-Hierarchy.org'' is an online database of bishops and dioceses of the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Catholic Churches. The website is not officially sanctioned by the Church. It is run as a private project by David M. Cheney in ...

''. David M. Cheney. Retrieved February 29, 2016"Diocese of Pelplin"
''GCatholic.org''. Gabriel Chow. Retrieved February 29, 2016

History

* It was founded in 1243 by the papal legate

William of Modena William of Modena ( – 31 March 1251), also known as ''William of Sabina'', ''Guglielmo de Chartreaux'', ''Guglielmo de Savoy'', ''Guillelmus'', was an Italian clergyman and papal diplomat.

in the

Monastic state of the Teutonic Knights The State of the Teutonic Order (german: Staat des Deutschen Ordens, ; la, Civitas Ordinis Theutonici; lt, Vokiečių ordino valstybė; pl, Państwo zakonu krzyżackiego), also called () or (), was a medieval Crusader state, located in Cen ...

, along with the three other bishoprics Ermland (Warmia), Samland (in

Sambia Sambia (russian: Самбийский полуостров, lit=Sambian Peninsula, translit=Sambiysky poluostrov) or Samland (russian: Земландский полуостров, lit=Zemlandic Peninsula, translit=Zemlandsky poluostrov) or Kalini ...

) and

Pomesania Pomesanians were a Prussian clan. They lived in Pomesania ( pl, Pomezania; lt, Pamedė; german: Pomesanien), a historical region in modern northern Poland, located between the Nogat and Vistula Rivers to the west and the Elbląg River to the e ...

. Initially Culm was a

suffragan A suffragan bishop is a type of bishop in some Christian denominations. In the Anglican Communion, a suffragan bishop is a bishop who is subordinate to a metropolitan bishop or diocesan bishop (bishop ordinary) and so is not normally jurisdictiona ...

to the

Archdiocese of Riga The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Riga is an archdiocese administered from the capital city of Riga in Latvia.Chełmża (Culmsee), where the

cathedral chapter According to both Catholic and Anglican canon law, a cathedral chapter is a college of clerics ( chapter) formed to advise a bishop and, in the case of a vacancy of the episcopal see in some countries, to govern the diocese during the vacancy. In ...

was domiciled till 1824. Lubawa-02

* From 1257 to 1782 the episcopal seat was the castle in

Lubawa Lubawa (german: Löbau in Westpreußen, Old Prussian: ''Lūbawa'') is a town in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland. It is located in Iława County on the Sandela River, some southeast of Iława. Geographical location Lubawa is located ...

. * In 1454, the region was reincorporated by King

Casimir IV Jagiellon Casimir IV (in full Casimir IV Andrew Jagiellon; pl, Kazimierz IV Andrzej Jagiellończyk ; Lithuanian: ; 30 November 1427 – 7 June 1492) was Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1440 and King of Poland from 1447, until his death. He was one of the m ...

to the

Kingdom of Poland The Kingdom of Poland ( pl, Królestwo Polskie; Latin: ''Regnum Poloniae'') was a state in Central Europe. It may refer to: Historical political entities *Kingdom of Poland, a kingdom existing from 1025 to 1031 *Kingdom of Poland, a kingdom exist ...

. * In 1466, the region was confirmed as part of Poland, and the diocese was agreed to pass to the

Archdiocese of Gniezno The Archdiocese of Gniezno ( la, Archidioecesis Gnesnensis, pl, Archidiecezja Gnieźnieńska) is the oldest Latin Catholic archdiocese in Poland, located in the city of Gniezno.Łasin Łasin (german: Lessen) is a town in Grudziądz County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland, with 3,271 inhabitants (2004). It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Łasin. It lies approximately east of Grudzią ...

and Nowe Miasto), which happened to be in the

Chełmno Voivodeship The Chełmno Voivodeship () was a unit of administrative division and local government in the Kingdom of Poland since 1454/1466 until the Partitions of Poland in 1772/1795. Together with the Pomeranian and Malbork Voivodeships and the Prince-B ...

. Whereas western Pomesanian diocesan area in the

Malbork Voivodeship The Malbork Voivodeship (Polish: ''Województwo malborskie''), after Partitions of Poland also referred to as the Malbork Land (Polish: ''Ziemia malborska''), was a unit of administrative division and local government in the Kingdom of Poland fro ...

was administered by Chełmno, but officially maintaining its naming. * After Riga's dissolution in 1566 the bishops of Chełmno attended the councils of the

Ecclesiastical province An ecclesiastical province is one of the basic forms of jurisdiction Jurisdiction (from Latin 'law' + 'declaration') is the legal term for the legal authority granted to a legal entity to enact justice. In federations like the United State ...

of the metropolitan of Gniezno. This practice was recognised by the Holy See by the Bull ''De salute animarum'' in 1821, when Chełmno became de jure a suffragan of the

Archdiocese of Gniezno The Archdiocese of Gniezno ( la, Archidioecesis Gnesnensis, pl, Archidiecezja Gnieźnieńska) is the oldest Latin Catholic archdiocese in Poland, located in the city of Gniezno.Górzno Górzno (german: Gorzno, 1939-45: Görzberg) is a town in Brodnica County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provin ...

Krajna Krajna is a forested historical region in Poland, situated in the border area between the Greater Poland Voivodeship, Greater Poland, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Kuyavian-Pomeranian and Pomeranian Voivodeship, Pomeranian Voivodeships of Pol ...

and

Działdowo Działdowo (german: Soldau) (Old Prussian: Saldawa) is a town in northern Poland with 20,935 inhabitants as of December 2021, the capital of Działdowo County. As part of Masuria, it is situated in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (since 1999), D ...

). * Annexation of the diocesan area in the First Partition of Poland in 1772 and

Second Partition of Poland The 1793 Second Partition of Poland was the second of three partitions (or partial annexations) that ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795. The second partition occurred in the aftermath of the Polish–Russian W ...

in 1793 by the

Kingdom of Prussia The Kingdom of Prussia (german: Königreich Preußen, ) was a German kingdom that constituted the state of Prussia between 1701 and 1918.Marriott, J. A. R., and Charles Grant Robertson. ''The Evolution of Prussia, the Making of an Empire''. Re ...

. * From 1782 to 1824 the episcopal seat was in Chełmża. Pelplin - Katedra widok 001GP

* In 1824, episcopal seat moved to

Pelplin Pelplin (; csb, Pôłplëno; formerly German also: ''Pelplin'') is a town in northern Poland, in the Tczew County, Pomeranian Voivodship. Population: 8,320 (2009). Pelplin is located in the ethnocultural region of Kociewie in Pomerania. It is hom ...

. * In 1871, the diocesan area became part of Germany. * Restoration of independent Poland after

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

; reintegration of Chełmno with Poland in 1920. * Pope

Pius XI Pope Pius XI ( it, Pio XI), born Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti (; 31 May 1857 – 10 February 1939), was head of the Catholic Church from 6 February 1922 to his death in February 1939. He was the first sovereign of Vatican City f ...

decided to separate 18 parishes in the territory the Free City of Danzig west of the Vistula from the diocese and to establish an ''Apostolic Administrator of the Free City of Danzig'' on 24 April 1922, which was directly subordinated to the Pope. * On 1 May 1923 the Holy See disentangled from the Diocese of Chełmno the deaneries in Bütow (Bytów), Lauenburg in Pomerania (Lębork) as well as those included in the

Posen-West Prussia The Frontier March of Posen-West Prussia (german: Grenzmark Posen-Westpreußen, pl, Marchia Graniczna Poznańsko-Zachodniopruska) was a province of Prussia from 1922 to 1938. Posen-West Prussia was established in 1922 as a province of the Free ...

Border March, and transferred them to the new

Apostolic Administration of Tütz Apostolic may refer to: The Apostles An Apostle meaning one sent on a mission: *The Twelve Apostles of Jesus, or something related to them, such as the Church of the Holy Apostles * Apostolic succession, the doctrine connecting the Christian Chur ...

, later transformed into the Prelature of Schneidemühl (

Piła Piła (german: Schneidemühl) is a city in northwestern Poland and the capital of Piła County, situated in the Greater Poland Voivodeship. Its population as of 2021 was 71,846, making it the third-largest city in the voivodeship after Poznań ...

).Cf. . * In 1925 a concordat between Poland and the Holy See was signed and the Apostolic Administrator was now supposed to be subordinated to the Nuncio of Warsaw, which caused protests among the local populace. Thus, the Pope established the ''sui iuris'' Diocese of Danzig on 30 December 1925 and appointed

Edward O'Rourke Edward O'Rourke, full name Eduard Alexander Ladislaus Graf O'Rourke ( pl, Edward Aleksander Władysław O'Rourke; lv, Eduards O'Rurke; October 26, 1876 in Minsk – June 27, 1943) was a Roman Catholic priest, bishop of Riga and the first head ...

as the first Bishop on 2 January 1926. The deanery of Pomesania in that eastern part of West Prussia which remained with Germany after the 1920 East and West Prussian plebiscites was transferred to the Diocese of Warmia in 1925. * As part of the reorganisation of the Catholic Church in the

People’s Republic of Poland The Polish People's Republic ( pl, Polska Rzeczpospolita Ludowa, PRL) was a country in Central Europe that existed from 1947 to 1989 as the predecessor of the modern Republic of Poland. With a population of approximately 37.9 million nea ...

in 1972, also accounting for changes of political border in 1945, the diocese of Gdansk was enlarged on the expenses of Chelmno diocese, whereas the latter gained parishes previously part of the Berlin diocese and the Prelature of Schneidemühl (

) * As part of the reorganisation of the Catholic Church in the Third Polish Republic, the extant Diocese of Chełmno was split in 1992 by

Pope John Paul II Pope John Paul II ( la, Ioannes Paulus II; it, Giovanni Paolo II; pl, Jan Paweł II; born Karol Józef Wojtyła ; 18 May 19202 April 2005) was the head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 1978 until his ...

into the Diocese of Pelplin and the Diocese of Toruń

List of Bishops of Kulm/Chełmno

* 1245–1263: Heidenreich Ordo fratrum Praedicatorum,

Dominican Order The Order of Preachers ( la, Ordo Praedicatorum) abbreviated OP, also known as the Dominicans, is a Catholic mendicant order of Pontifical Right for men founded in Toulouse, France, by the Spanish priest, saint and mystic Dominic of Cal ...

(O.P.) * 1264–1274:

Friedrich von Hausen Friedrich von Hausen (Middle High German: Friderich von Hûsen) was a medieval German poet, one of the earliest of the Minnesingers; born sometime between 1150–60; d. 6 May 1190. Life His name is mentioned frequently in legal documents, for the ...

Ordo Teutonicus The Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem, commonly known as the Teutonic Order, is a Catholic religious institution founded as a military society in Acre, Kingdom of Jerusalem. It was formed to aid Christians on ...

Teutonic Order The Order of Brothers of the German House of Saint Mary in Jerusalem, commonly known as the Teutonic Order, is a Catholic religious institution founded as a military society in Acre, Kingdom of Jerusalem. It was formed to aid Christians on ...

(O.T.) * 1275–1291: Werner OT * 1291/92–1301: Heinrich Schenk OT * 1303–1311: Herman OT * 1311–1316/19: Eberhard OT * 1319–1323: Mikołaj Afri OP * 1323–1349: Otto OT * 1349–1359: Jacob OT * 1359–1363:

Johann Schadland Johann, typically a male given name, is the German form of ''Iohannes'', which is the Latin form of the Greek name ''Iōánnēs'' (), itself derived from Hebrew name ''Yochanan'' () in turn from its extended form (), meaning "Yahweh is Gracious" ...

OP * 1363–1381/85: Wikbold Dobilstein OT * 1385–1390: Reinhard von Sayn * 1390: Martin von Lynow OT * 1390–1398: Nikolaus Schippenbeil OT * 1398–1402:

Jan Kropidło Jan Kropidło (1360 or 1364 – 3 March 1421), was an ecclesiastic leader in Poland during the late Middle Ages. Jan was the eldest son of Duke Bolko III of Strzelce and his wife Anna. Jan was titled Duke of Strzelce (1382–96, with his broth ...

* 1402–1416: Arnold Stapil OT * 1416–1457: Johann Marienau * 1457–1479:

Wincenty Kiełbasa Wincenty is a given name. Notable people with the name include: *Ryszard Wincenty Berwiński (1817–1879), Polish poet * Wincenty Budzyński (1815–1866), Polish politician agent and Polish–French chess master * Wincenty de Lesseur (born 1745) ...

* 1480–1495: Stefan of Nibork * 1496–1507: Mikołaj Chrapicki * 1508–1530: Jan Konopacki Stanisław Hozjusz 1

* 1530–1538:

Johannes Dantiscus Johannes Dantiscus, (german: Johann(es) von Höfen-Flachsbinder; pl, Jan Dantyszek; 1 November 1485 – 27 October 1548) was prince-bishop of Warmia and Bishop of Chełmno (Culm). In recognition of his diplomatic services for Polish kings, th ...

* 1538–1549:

Tiedemann Giese Tiedemann Giese (1 June 1480 – 23 October 1550), was Bishop of Kulm (Chełmno) first canon, later Prince-Bishop of Warmia (Ermland). His interest in mathematics, astronomy, and theology led him to mentor a number of important young scholars, in ...

* 1549–1551:

Stanislaus Hosius Stanislaus Hosius ( pl, Stanisław Hozjusz; 5 May 1504 – 5 August 1579) was a Polish Roman Catholic cardinal. From 1551 he was the Prince-Bishop of the Bishopric of Warmia in Royal Prussia and from 1558 he served as the papal legate to the H ...

* 1551–1562: Jan Lubodzieski * 1562–1571: Stanisław Żelisławski SOC * 1574–1595: Piotr Kostka * 1595–1600: Piotr Tylicki * 1600–1610:

Wawrzyniec Gembicki Wawrzyniec Gembicki (5 August 1559 – 10 February 1624) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop of Gniezno (1616–1624), Bishop of Włocławek (1610–1616), and Bishop of Chelmno (1600–1610).< ...

"Archbishop Wawrzyniec Gembicki"
''

''. David M. Cheney. Retrieved July 2, 2016 * 1611–1613: Maciej Konopacki * 1614–1624:

Jan Kuczborski Jan, JaN or JAN may refer to: Acronyms * Jackson, Mississippi (Amtrak station), US, Amtrak station code JAN * Jackson-Evers International Airport, Mississippi, US, IATA code * Jabhat al-Nusra (JaN), a Syrian militant group * Japanese Article Numb ...

* 1624–1635:

Jakub Zadzik Jakub Zadzik (1582 – 17 March 1642) was a Polish Great Crown Secretary from 1613 to 1627, bishop of Chełmno from 1624, Crown Deputy Chancellor from 1627, Great Crown Chancellor from 1628 to 1635, bishop of Kraków from 1635, diplomat, szlach ...

* 1635–1639:

Jan Lipski Jan Lipski (Count Jan VIII Lipski) of Łada coat of arms (1589–1641) was a bishop of Chełmno (1636–1639), crown referendary and Archbishop of Gniezno and Primate of Poland (from 1639). Early life In 1589, Lipski was born in a noble f ...

* 1639–1646: Kasper Działyński * 1646–1652: Andrzej Leszczyński * 1653–1655:

Jan Gembicki Jan, JaN or JAN may refer to: Acronyms * Jackson, Mississippi (Amtrak station), US, Amtrak station code JAN * Jackson-Evers International Airport, Mississippi, US, IATA code * Jabhat al-Nusra (JaN), a Syrian militant group * Japanese Article Numb ...

* 1658–1661: Adam Koss * 1662–1674:

Andrzej Olszowski Andrzej Olszowski (27 January 162129 August 1677) was a political speaker and writer. He was bishop of Chełmno from 1661 until 1674, and was archbishop of Gniezno and the primate of Poland from 1674. Olszowski was born in Olszowa. He was pro ...

* 1676–1681:

Jan Małachowski Jan, JaN or JAN may refer to: Acronyms * Jackson, Mississippi (Amtrak station), US, Amtrak station code JAN * Jackson-Evers International Airport, Mississippi, US, IATA code * Jabhat al-Nusra (JaN), a Syrian militant group * Japanese Article Numb ...

* 1681–1693: * 1693–1694: * 1699–1712:

Teodor Andrzej Potocki Teodor Andrzej Potocki (13 February 1664 – 12 December 1738) was a Polish nobleman ( szlachcic), Primate of Poland, interrex in 1733. Teodor was Rector of Przemyśl and canon of Kraków since 1687, Bishop of Chełmno since 1699 and Bish ...

* 1719–1721: * 1723–1730: * 1731–1733: SOC * 1736–1739: Adam Stanisław Grabowski * 1739–1746: Andrzej Stanisław Załuski * 1747–1758: SOC * 1759–1785: * 1785–1795:

Karl von Hohenzollern-Hechingen Karl may refer to: People * Karl (given name), including a list of people and characters with the name * Karl der Große, commonly known in English as Charlemagne * Karl Marx, German philosopher and political writer * Karl of Austria, last Austri ...

* 1795–1814: Abp Marian Przykucki

* 1824–1832: Ignacy Stanisław Matthy * 1834–1856: Anastazy Sedlag * 1857–1886:

Johannes von der Marwitz Johannes Nepomuk von der Marwitz ( pl, Jan Nepomucen Marwicz) (20 April 1795 – 29 March 1886) was a German Roman Catholic priest and bishop of Kulm (Chełmno). Marwitz was born in Tuchlin, West Prussia to Alexander von der Marwitz and Ma ...

* 1886–1898: Leon Redner * 1899–1926: Augustin Rosentreter * 1926–1944: Stanisław Wojciech Okoniewski * 1946–1972: Kazimierz Józef Kowalski * 1973–1980:

Bernard Czapliński Bernard (''Bernhard'') is a French and West Germanic masculine given name. It is also a surname. The name is attested from at least the 9th century. West Germanic ''Bernhard'' is composed from the two elements ''bern'' "bear" and ''hard'' "brav ...

* 1981–1992:

Marian Przykucki Archbishop Marian Przykucki (27 January 1924 – 16 October 2009) was the Polish Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archbishop of Szczecin-Kamień from 1992 until May 1, 1999. Background Born in Skoki in 1924, Marian Przykucki was ordained a parish pr ...

Notes and references

External links

GCatholic.org

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chelmno, Roman Catholic Diocese

Roman Catholic Diocese of Chełmno The Roman Catholic Diocese of Chełmno ( pl, Diecezja chełmińska; german: Bistum Kulm/Culm) was a Roman Catholic diocese in Chełmno Land, founded in 1243 and disbanded in 1992.Dioceses established in the 13th century Establishments in the State of the Teutonic Order Former Roman Catholic dioceses in Poland Religious organizations established in the 1240s

Roman Catholic Diocese of Chełmno The Roman Catholic Diocese of Chełmno ( pl, Diecezja chełmińska; german: Bistum Kulm/Culm) was a Roman Catholic diocese in Chełmno Land, founded in 1243 and disbanded in 1992.Religious organizations disestablished in 1992 Suppressed Roman Catholic dioceses