Reptiles Of Pakistan

There are around 170 species of reptiles living in Pakistan.

Order

Crocodilia

There are only two species endemic to Pakistan.

* Family Crocodylidae (crocodiles) - 1 species
** ''Crocodylus palustris'' (mugger crocodile, Indian crocodile, Indus crocodile or marsh crocodile) - national reptile
* Family Gavialidae (gharials) - 1 species
** ''Gavialis gangeticus'' (Indian gavial or gharial)

Order

Squamata

Around 153 species of Squamata are found in Pakistan.

Suborder

Lacertilia

There are 86 species of Lacertilia (lizards and relatives) in Pakistan.

* Family Agamidae (agamas) - 22 species
** ''Brachysaura minor'' (Hardwicke's bloodsucker)
** ''Calotes versicolor'' (Oriental garden lizard, eastern garden lizard or changeable lizard)
** ''Japalura kumaonensis'' (Kumaon mountain lizard)
** ''Paralaudakia badakhshana'' (Badakhshana rock agama)
** ''Paralaudakia caucasia'' (Caucasian agama)
** ''Paralaudakia himalayana'' (Himalayan agama)
** ''Laudakia agrorensis'' (Agror agama)
** ''Laudakia melanura'' (black agama)
** '' Laudakia fusca'' (yellow-headed rock agama)
** ''Laudakia nupta'' (large-scaled rock agama) - 2 subspecies
*** ''Laudakia n. fusca''
*** ''Laudakia n. nupta''
** '' Laudakia tuberculata'' (Kashmir rock agama)
** ''Phrynocephalus clarkorum'' (Clark's toad-headed agama)
** '' Phrynocephalus euptilopus'' (Alcock's toad-headed agama)
** '' Phrynocephalus luteoguttatus'' (yellow-speckled toad-headed agama)
** '' Phrynocephalus maculatus'' (blacktail toadhead agama)
** '' Phrynocephalus ornatus'' (ornate toadhead agama)
** '' Phrynocephalus scutellatus'' (gray toadhead agama)
** '' Trapelus agilis pakistanensis'' (brilliant ground agama)
** '' Trapelus rubrigularis'' (red-throated agama)
** '' Trapelus ruderatus'' (horn-scaled agama or Baluch ground agama)
** '' Uromastyx asmussi'' (Iranian mastigure)
** '' Uromastyx hardwickii'' (Hardwick's spiny-tailed lizard or Indian spiny-tailed lizard)
* Family Chamaeleonidae (chameleons) - 1 species
** '' Chamaeleo zeylanicus'' (Indian chameleon or Ceylon chameleon)
* Family Gekkonidae (eyelid and lidless geckoes) - 33 species
** '' Agamura femoralis'' or ''Rhinogecko femoralis'' (De Witte's gecko or sharp-tailed spider gecko)
** ''Agamura persica persica'' (Persian spider gecko)
** ''Bunopus tuberculatus'' (Baluch rock gecko)
** '' Crossobamon eversmanni'' (Baluchistan sand gecko or comb-toed gecko) - 2 subspecies
*** ''Crossobamon e. eversmanni'' or ''Crossobamon maynardi''
*** ''Crossobamon e. lumsdenii''
** '' Crossobamon orientalis'' (Sind gecko)
** ''Cyrtodactylus walli'' (Chitral gecko or Swat stone gecko)
** '' Cyrtopodium agamuroides'' (Nikolsky spider gecko)
** '' Cyrtopodium baturensis'' (Batura thin-toed gecko or Batura gecko)
** '' Cyrtopodium dattanensis'' (Khan's bow-fingered gecko or Hazara gecko)
** '' Cyrtopodium fortmunroi'' (Fort Munro gecko)
** '' Cyrtopodium indusoani'' (Soan Sakaser gecko)
** '' Cyrtopodium kachhensis'' (Kutch gecko) - 2 subspecies
*** ''Cyrtopodium k. ingoldbyi'' (Ingoldby's stone gecko)
*** ''Cyrtopodium k. kachhensis'' (warty rock gecko)
** '' Cyrtopodium mintoni'' (Minton's gecko)
** '' Cyrtopodium montiumsalsorum'' (Salt Range rock gecko)
** '' Cyrtopodium rhodocaudus'' (red-tailed gecko)
** '' Cyrtopodium rohtasfortai'' (Rohtas Fort gecko)
** '' Cyrtopodium scaber'' (keeled rock gecko)
** '' Cyrtopodium watsoni'' (Quetta rock gecko)
** ''Eublepharis macularius'' (leopard gecko)
** '' Hemidactylus brookii brookii'' (Brook's house gecko or spotted Indian house gecko)
** '' Hemidactylus flaviviridis'' (yellow-bellied house gecko)
** ''Hemidactylus frenatus'' (Pacific house gecko or South Asian waif gecko)
** '' Hemidactylus imbricatus'' (carrot-tail viper gecko)
** '' Hemidactylus leschenaultii'' (Leschenault's leaf-toed gecko or bark gecko)
** '' Hemidactylus persicus'' (Persian leaf-toed gecko)
** '' Hemidactylus triedrus triedus'' (termite hill gecko or blotched house gecko)
** ''Hemidactylus turcicus turcicus'' (Mediterranean house gecko)
** ''Microgecko depressus'' (low lying gecko)
** ''Microgecko helenae'' (banded dwarf gecko)
** '' Ptyodactylus homolepis'' (Pakistan fan-fingered gecko) - 2 subspecies
*** ''Ptyodactylus h. homolepis''
*** ''Ptyodactylus h. socotranus''
** '' Teratoscincus microlepis'' (small-scaled wonder gecko or Baluch plate-tailed gecko)
** ''Teratoscincus scincus'' (Turkestan plate-tailed gecko or common wonder gecko or frog-eyed gecko)
** '' Tropiocolotes persica'' (Persian sand gecko or Persian pygmy gecko)
* Family Lacertidae (sand lizards, wall lizards and true lizards) - 12 species
** '' Acanthodactylus cantoris'' (Indian fringe-fingered lizard) - 2 subspecies
*** ''Acanthodactylus c. blanfordii'' (Mekran fringe-fingered lizard)
*** ''Acanthodactylus c. cantoris'' (Indian fringe-fingered lizard)
** '' Acanthodactylus micropholis'' (yellow-tailed sand lizard)
** ''Eremias acutirostris'' (reticulate desert lacerta)
** ''Eremias fasciata'' (yellow-headed desert lacerta)
** '' Eremias scripta'' (Caspian desert lacerta)
** ''Eremias velox persica'' (Persian Steppe lacerta)
** '' Mesalina brevirostris'' (short-nosed desert lacerta)
** '' Mesalina guttulata'' (small-spotted lizard or long-tailed desert lacerta)
** ''Ophisops elegans'' (elegant snake-eyed lizard) - 2 subspecies
*** ''Ophisops e. blanfordi'' (Blanfords snake-eyed lizard)
*** ''Ophisops e. elegans'' (elegant snake-eyed lizard)
** ''Ophisops jerdonii'' (Jerdon's snake-eyed lizard or Punjab snake-eyed lizard)
** ''Ophisops microlepis'' (Indian snake-eyed lizard)
** '' Scapteira aporosceles'' (Chagai desert lacerta)
* Family Scincidae (skinks) - 15 species
** '' Ablepharus grayanus'' (minor snake-eyed skink)
** '' Ablepharus pannonicus'' (Asian snake-eyed skink)
** '' Chalcides ocellatus'' (ocellated skink)
** ''Eumeces schneiderii zarudnyi'' (Schneider's skink, Berber skink or Zarudny's skink)
** '' Eurylepis indothalensis'' (Thal skink)
** ''Eurylepis taeniolata'' (alpine Punjab skink or yellow-bellied mole skink)
** '' Eutropis dissimilis'' (striped grass mabuya or striped grass skink)
** ''Eutropis macularia'' (bronze mabuya, bronze grass skink)
** '' Ophiomorus blanfordii'' (Makran sand swimmer)
** '' Ophiomorus brevipes'' (short-toed sand swimmer)
** ''Ophiomorus raithmai'' (Indus sand swimmer)
** '' Ophiomorus tridactylus'' (three-toed snake skink or Indian sandswimmer)
** '' Scincella ladacensis'' - 2 subspecies
*** ''Scincella l. ladacensis'' (Ladak ground skink)
*** ''Scincella l. himalayana'' (Himalayan ground skink)
* Family Varanidae (monitor lizards) - 3 species
**'' Varanus bengalensis'' (Bengal monitor)
**''Varanus flavescens'' (yellow monitor)
**''Varanus griseus'' - 2 subspecies
*** ''Varanus g. caspius'' (eastern desert monitor)
*** ''Varanus g. koniecznyi'' (Thar desert monitor)

Suborder

Serpentes

There are 70 species and 24 subspecies of Serpentes (snakes) found in Pakistan.
* Family Boidae (boas) - 3 species
**''Eryx johnii'' (Indian sand boa or red sand boa)
** ''Eryx tataricus speciosus'' (Tartar sand boa)
**''Eryx conicus'' (rough-scaled sand boa)
* Family Colubridae (colubrids) - 35 species
** '' Herpetoreas platyceps''
** '' Herpetoreas sieboldii''
** ''Dendrelaphis tristis''
** ''Coelognathus helena''
**'' Amphiesma stolata stolata''
** ''Boiga trigonata'' – 2 subspecies
*** ''Boiga t. melanocephala''
*** ''Boiga t. trigonata''
** '' Coluber fasciolatus''
** '' Coluber karelini'' – 2 subspecies
*** ''Coluber k. karelini''
*** ''Coluber k. mintonorum''
** '' Coluber ravergeiri ravergeiri''
** '' Coluber rhodorachis'' – 3 subspecies
*** ''Coluber r. kashmirensis''
*** ''Coluber r. ladacensis''
*** ''Coluber r. rhodorachis''
** ''Coluber ventromaculatus'' – 3 subspecies
*** ''Coluber v. bengalensis''
*** ''Coluber v. indusai''
*** ''Coluber v. ventromaculatus''
** '' Enhydris pakistanica''
** '' Fowlea piscator''
** '' Fowlea sanctijohannis''
** Fowlea schnurrenbergeri
** ''Lycodon aulicus''
** Lycodon mackinnoni
** '' Lycodon striatus'' – 2 subspecies
*** ''Lycodon s. bicolor''
*** ''Lycodon s. striatus''
** '' Lycodon travancoricus''
** '' Lytorhynchus maynardi''
** '' Lytorhynchus paradoxus''
** '' Lytorhynchus ridgewayi''
** ''Natrix tessellata''
**
Oligodon russelius
'
** ''Oligodon taeniolatus''
** '' Psammophis condanarus''
** '' Psammophis leithii''
** '' Psammophis lineolatus''
** '' Psammophis schokari''
** '' Pseudocyclophis persica''
** ''Ptyas mucosus''
** ''Sibynophis sagittarius''
** '' Spalerosophis arenarius''
** ''Spalerosophis diadema'' – 2 subspecies
*** ''Spalerosophis d. diadema''
*** ''Spalerosophis d. schirazianus''
** '' Telescopus rhinopoma''
** ''Xenochrophis cerasogaster''
* Family Elapidae (kraits and cobras) - 4 species
** ''Bungarus caeruleus'' (common krait)
** '' Bungarus sindanus'' (Sind krait) – 2 subspecies
*** ''Bungarus s. razai'' (northern Punjab krait)
*** ''Bungarus s. sindanus'' (Sind krait)
** ''Naja naja'' (Indian cobra or spectacled cobra)
** ''Naja oxiana'' (Central Asian cobra or oxus cobra)
* Family Hydrophiidae (sea snakes) - 14 species
** '' Astrotia stokesii'' (Stokes' sea snake)
** '' Enhydrina schistosa'' (beaked sea snake, hook-nosed sea snake, common sea snake or Valakadyn sea snake)
** ''Hydrophis caerulescens'' (dwarf seasnake or many-toothed sea snake)
** ''Hydrophis cyanocinctus'' (annulated sea snake or blue-banded sea snake)
** '' Hydrophis fasciatus'' (striped sea snake)
** ''Hydrophis lapemoides'' (Bombay sea snake)
** ''Hydrophis ornatus'' (ornate reef seasnake)
** ''Hydrophis spiralis'' (Yellow Sea snake)
** '' Lapemis curtus'' (Shaw's sea snake)
** '' Microcephalophis cantoris'' (Cantor's small-headed sea snake)
** '' Microcephalophis gracilis'' (graceful small-headed sea snake or slender sea snake)
** '' Pelamis platurus'' (yellow-bellied sea snake or pelagic sea snake)
** '' Praescutata viperina'' (viperine sea snake)
* Family Leptotyphlopidae (thread snakes) - 2 species
** '' Leptotyphlops blanfordii'' (Blanford's worm snake or Sind thread snake)
** '' Leptotyphlops macrorhynchus'' (long-nosed worm snake or beaked thread snake)
* Family Pythonidae (pythons) - 1 species
** ''Python molurus molurus'' (Indian python, black-tailed python or Sind python)
* Family Typhlopidae (blind snakes) - 4 species
** ''Ramphotyphlops braminus'' (brahminy blind snake)
** '' Typhlops ahsanai'' (Ahsan's blind snake)
** ''Typhlops porrectus'' or ''Typhlops ductuliformes'' (slender worm snake)
** '' Typhlops madgemintonai'' – 2 subspecies
*** ''Typhlops m. madgemintonai'' (Madge's blind snake)
*** ''Typhlops m. shermanai'' (Sherman's blind snake)
* Family Viperidae (vipers and pit vipers) - 7 species
** ''Daboia russelii russelii'' (daboia or Russell's viper)
** ''Echis carinatus'' (Indian saw-scaled viper) - 3 subspecies
*** '' Echis c. astolae'' (Astola saw-scaled viper)
*** '' Echis c. multisquamatus'' (multiscale saw-scaled viper)
*** '' Echis c. sochureki'' (Sochurek's saw-scaled viper)
** ''Echis pyramidum'' (northeast African carpet viper, Egyptian saw-scaled viper)
** '' Eristicophis macmahonii'' (McMahon's viper, Asian sand viper, leaf-nosed viper)
** ''Gloydius himalayanus'' (Himalayan pit viper)
** ''Macrovipera lebetinus'' (blunt-nosed viper, Lebetine viper, Levant viper) - 3 subspecies
*** '' Macrovipera lebetina obtusa'' (west-Asian blunt-nosed viper, Levant blunt-nosed viper)
*** '' Macrovipera lebetina cernovi'' (Chernov blunt-nosed viper)
*** '' Macrovipera lebetina turanica'' (Turan blunt-nosed viper)
** ''Pseudocerastes persicus persicus'' (Persian horned viper, false horned viper)

Order

Testudines

There are 15 species of testudines that represent Pakistan.

* Family Cheloniidae (sea turtles) - 4 species
** ''Chelonia mydas'' (green sea turtle)
** ''Caretta caretta'' (loggerhead sea turtle)
** ''Eretmochelys imbricata bissa'' (hawksbill turtle)
** ''Lepidochelys olivacea'' (olive ridley turtle)
* Family Dermochelyidae (softshell sea turtles) - 1 species
** ''Dermochelys coriacea'' (leatherback sea turtle or leatherback)
* Family Geoemydidae ( Asian river turtles, Asian leaf turtles, Asian box turtles and roofed turtles) - 4 species
** '' Geoclemys hamiltonii'' (black pond turtle, spotted pond turtle or Indian spotted turtle)
** '' Hardella thurjii'' (brahminy river turtle or crowned river turtle)
** '' Kachuga smithii smithii'' (brown-roofed turtle)
** '' Kachuga tecta'' (Indian roofed turtle)
** '' Melanochelys trijuga'' (Indian black turtle)
* Family Testudinidae (true tortoises) - 2 species
** ''Geochelone elegans'' (Indian star tortoise)
** '' Testudo horsfieldi'' horsfieldii (Afghan tortoise, Horsfield's tortoise or Central Asian tortoise)
* Family Trionychidae (softshell turtles) - 4 species
** '' Aspideretes gangeticus indica'' (Ganges soft-shelled turtle)
** ''Aspideretes hurum'' (peacock soft-shelled turtle)
** ''Chitra indica'' (narrow-headed soft-shelled turtle)
** ''Lissemys punctata andersoni'' (Indian flap-shelled turtle)

References

* Khan, M. Z., Amtyaz Safi., Fatima. F., Hashmi, M. U. A., Hussain, B. Siddiqui, S., Khan, S. I. & Ghalib, S. A. (2015). "An evaluation of distribution, status and abundance of freshwater turtles in the selected areas of Sindh and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provinces of Pakistan". ''Canadian Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences''. 9 (1): 3201-3219.
* Safi A, Khan M. Z. (2014). "Distribution and current population status of freshwater turtles of District Charsadda of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan". ''The Journal of Zoology Studies''. 1 (4): 31-38.
* Hashmi, M. U. A, Khan, M. Z, Safi, A., Huda, N. (2013). "Current Status, Distribution and threats of ''Varanus'' Spp. (''Varanus bengalensis'' & ''Veranus griseus'') in Karachi & Thatta of Sindh". ''International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies''. 1 (1): 34–38.

External links

Wildlife of Pakistan - Biodiversity



Snakes of Pakistan
with names and descriptions

{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Reptiles Of Pakistan

Reptiles
Pakistan
Pakistan