Rutuls, Rutulians ( rut, Мыхабыр, Mykhabyr) are a

Northeast Caucasian The Northeast Caucasian languages, also called East Caucasian, Nakh-Daghestani or ''Vainakh-Daghestani'', is a family of languages spoken in the Russian republics of Dagestan, Chechnya and Ingushetia and in Northern Azerbaijan as well as in ...

ethnic group An ethnic group or an ethnicity is a grouping of people who identify with each other on the basis of shared attributes that distinguish them from other groups. Those attributes can include common sets of traditions, ancestry, language, history, ...

native to

Dagestan Dagestan ( ; rus, Дагеста́н, , dəɡʲɪˈstan, links=yes), officially the Republic of Dagestan (russian: Респу́блика Дагеста́н, Respúblika Dagestán, links=no), is a republic of Russia situated in the North C ...

and adjacent parts of

Azerbaijan Azerbaijan (, ; az, Azərbaycan ), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, , also sometimes officially called the Azerbaijan Republic is a transcontinental country located at the boundary of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is a part of th ...

. According to the

2010 Russian Census The Russian Census of 2010 (russian: Всеросси́йская пе́репись населе́ния 2010 го́да) was the second census of the Russian Federation population after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Preparations for the ...

, there were 35,240 Rutuls in Russia. In 1989 Soviet Census in Azerbaijan (Azerbaijan SSR then) there were 336 Rutuls.Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года. Национальный состав населения по республикам СССР
/ref> The Rutul language is a member of the Northeast Caucasian language family; its speakers often have a good command of

Azeri Azerbaijanis (; az, Azərbaycanlılar, ), Azeris ( az, Azərilər, ), or Azerbaijani Turks ( az, Azərbaycan Türkləri, ) are a Turkic peoples, Turkic people living mainly in Azerbaijan (Iran), northwestern Iran and the Azerbaijan, Republi ...

and

Russian Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including: *Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and peo ...

, as Rutul was not a written language until 1990. The Rutul culture is close to that of the Tsakhur and other peoples who inhabit the basin of the upper reaches of the

Samur River The Samur ( rut, Самыр; ; russian: Самур; az, Samurçay) is a river in Russia's Dagestan Republic, also partially flowing through Azerbaijan and forming part of the Azerbaijan–Russia border. Overview The Samur river originates in gla ...

. Most of the Rutuls are engaged in

cattle breeding Animal husbandry is the branch of agriculture concerned with animals that are raised for meat, fibre, milk, or other products. It includes day-to-day care, selective breeding, and the raising of livestock. Husbandry has a long history, startin ...

(mostly

sheep husbandry Sheep farming or sheep husbandry is the raising and breeding of domestic sheep. It is a branch of animal husbandry. Sheep are raised principally for their meat (lamb and mutton), milk (sheep's milk), and fiber (wool). They also yield sheepskin a ...

farming Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people to ...

, and

gardening Gardening is the practice of growing and cultivating plants as part of horticulture. In gardens, ornamental plants are often grown for their flowers, foliage, or overall appearance; useful plants, such as root vegetables, leaf vegetables, fruits ...

Religion

The Rutuls adhere to

Sunni Islam Sunni Islam () is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims. Its name comes from the word '' Sunnah'', referring to the tradition of Muhammad. The differences between Sunni and Shia Muslims arose from a disagre ...

. The earliest attempts of

Arabs The Arabs (singular: Arab; singular ar, عَرَبِيٌّ, DIN 31635: , , plural ar, عَرَب, DIN 31635, DIN 31635: , Arabic pronunciation: ), also known as the Arab people, are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in Wester ...

to affirm as Dagestan concern the 7th century, and in Rutul's territory they made the greatest success. The earliest monument of Muslim culture testifies to it on caucasus - a tombstone of Sheikh Magomeda-ibn-Asada-ibn-Mugal, buried in

Khnov Khnov (russian: Хнов; lez, Хин) is a rural locality (a selo) in Akhtynsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 2,059 as of 2010. Geography Khnov is located 34 km southwest of Akhty Akhty (russian: Ахты́; lez ...

in 675 ADVuchetich N. G.: "Chetyre mesyatsa v Dagestane" (Four months in Dagestan), "Caucasus" No.72 Tiflis, 1864. About early Islamisation of Rutuls the earliest testify also in mountains of Dagestan monuments building epygraphic, found in some Rutul villages. It is a stone in a wall of a building of a mosque of settlement village Luchek on which the chronograph text in the Arabian language is cut,

Islam Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic Monotheism#Islam, monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God in Islam, God (or ...

carrying the statement here to 128 of Hijra, that is 745-746. Other stone with the chronograph text has remained in a settlement Ihrek mosque of Ihrek, in it is spoken «about restoration of the destroyed mosque in 407 of

Hijra Hijra, Hijrah, Hegira, Hejira, Hijrat or Hijri may refer to: Islam * Hijrah (often written as ''Hejira'' in older texts), the migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in 622 CE * Migration to Abyssinia or First Hegira, of Muhammad's followers ...

Notable Rutul people

Gasret Aliev Gasret Agaevich Aliev; 14 December 1922 – 28 February 1981) was a Soviet soldier and a Hero of the Soviet Union during World War II. Aliev was awarded the title for his actions during the Battle of the Dnieper, where he reportedly killed 80 Ge ...

- a Hero of Soviet Union, 1st secretary of the CPSU in Rutul 1957–1961, resident of the village Hin, participant of

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

Science

* Saeed Efendi I (v. Shinaz, 13th century, dynasty of Saeedar) - the medieval philosopher, rhetoric, the physicist, the astronomer, the poet. It had been opened in village Shinaz medieval university, an observatory and library. Last scientist from this dynasty Ismail Efendi have buried in 1929. * Verdiev Mikail Gadjimagomedovich - Heads physics chair at the Dagestan State technical university (since July, 2004), the senior lecturer of engineering science, the professor, the full member of the International academy the Colds (M.O.V.E.), the Deserved inventor of the Russian Federation and Republic of

. * Musaev Gamzat Magomedsaidovich - the senior lecturer of chair of history of

State University.

Other scientists

* Gasan Gagaev * Kamal Efendiev (v. Ihrek) * Ali Sultanov * Alisultan Alisultanov * Fatima Magomedova * Farida Guseynova * Svetlana Mahmudova (v. Rutul) * Serker Gadjiev * Ahmed Bazaev * Abdulkasum Balamamedov * Efendi Hasmamedov (v. Shinaz) * Balasi Tagirov * Tel'man Kafarov * Eldigar Agabalaev (v. Hin) * Gadji Gadjiev * Verdiev Verdi (v. Myuhrek)

Sports

* Vagif Abdullaev (birth 1983-11-20) (village Luchek) - the World champion on a

kickboxing Kickboxing is a combat sports, combat sport focused on kicking and punch (strike), punching. The combat takes place in a boxing ring, normally with boxing gloves, mouthguards, shorts, and bare feet to favour the use of kicks. Kickboxing is pract ...

, the Champion of Europe on Full Contact (WPKA) 2005 in an absolute category and in a category to 82 kg, the World champion on Full Contact (IAKSA) 2007. Trains in fight club "Salang" (Surgut, Russia), the participant of the International Tournament of Single combats. * Kurban Agaev (village Hin) - the numerous champion of the USSR on free-style wrestling. * Vagab Kazibekov - the deserved master of sports of the USSR, the champion of the USSR and Europe. * Saniyat Ganachueva (village Shinaz) - the first Russian

world champion A world championship is generally an international competition open to elite competitors from around the world, representing their nations, and winning such an event will be considered the highest or near highest achievement in the sport, game, ...

among women on free-style wrestling. * Abduselim Rizvanov - the deserved trainer of Russia. * Caucas Sultanmagomedov -

MMA Mixed martial arts (MMA), sometimes referred to as cage fighting, no holds barred (NHB), and ultimate fighting, and originally referred to as Vale Tudo is a full-contact combat sport based on strike (attack), striking, grappling and ground f ...

fighter. * Asef Pirsaidov - Master of Sports

Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...

on free-style wrestling. * Marif Pirav - MMA fighter of EFN and KSW.

Rutuls in Turkey

* İbrahim Şinasi I (19th century) - the large military leader of

Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...

. Was lost under Shumla. *

İbrahim Şinasi İbrahim Şinasi (5 August 1826 – 13 September 1871) was a pioneering Ottoman intellectual, author, journalist, translator, playwright, and newspaper editor. He was the innovator of several fields: he wrote one of the earliest examples of an Ot ...

(junior) - after study in France began to let out the most popular newspaper in Turkey «Gyasfiru efkyar» («the Image of thoughts»). Şinasi has taken a great interest in reform of Turkish language, creation of the present Turkish literature and achieved, that books wrote not for the elite, and for the people. Besides, Şinasi with Namik Kemal was engaged in reform of a state system of

and became the founder of tanzimat, continued by Atatürk in 1918-1919.

Rutuls in Syria

Ulfat Idilbi Ulfat Idlibi ( ar, ألفت الادلبي '; rut, Ulfat Idilbi) (November 1912, Damascus – 21 March 2007, Paris) was a Syrian novel writer. She wrote books that became best sellers in the Arabic-speaking world, such as "Dimashq ya Basimat ...

- the famous writer. Elfat has not torn with the ethnic native land of the ancestors, has visited village Shinaz, is interested in a life and customs of rutuls. * Sheikh Gadzhimagomed Chelebi (great-grandfather Elfat Edelbi) - has got to Turkey as the emissary of imam Shamil, as the proxy envoy to the Turkish sultan. * Shamil Dagestani

Culture and art

* Kur Radjab Ihrekdy – the classic of rutul poetry which verses sing till now poets of Dagestan and Azerbaijan. His used huge popularity in second half XVIII – the beginning of 19th centuries in Dagestan and Azerbaijan. * Hazarchi – a national poet (first half of the 20th century) * Gadzhiev – a national poet (first half of the 20th century) * Jamiseb Sallarov – a national poet (first half of the 20th century) * Samed – a national poet (first half of the 20th century) * Nurahmed Ramazanov – a national poet (first half of the 20th century) * Garay Fazli – a poet. * Ismail Dagestanly – an honoured artist of the USSR, the winner of the Lenin award * Yosoof Ihrekdy – a writer and poet. Creativity — 1960–1990 * Shafi Amsarsdy – a poet and composer. Creativity – 1960–1990 * Kavha (Abdulmanaf) Vurushdy – a poet, writer, and composer. Creativity – 1960–1990 * Sakit Hinavi – a poet, writer, and composer, «the Nightingale of Dagestan and Azerbaijan»

Other famous Rutuls

* K.Magomedov - a member of the Russian academy of public service at the president of the Russian Federation * G.Gadzhimuradov - the deputy minister of trade of Degestan Republic (Russia) * I.Ibragimov - the head of department at Government of Degestan Republic (Russia) * D.Tairov - the chief of department Minnatsinformvneshsvjazi of Degestan Republic (Russia) * T.Ashurbekov - the head of department of republican Office of Public Prosecutor * M.Babayev - the colonel, chief of Department Makhachkala-customs * I.Garunov - a member of Supreme Court of Degestan Republic (Russia) * N.Magomedov - the head of joint-stock company "Arsi". * R.Aliev - the deputy director of joint-stock company "Yugstalkonstructsia" * M.Mamadaev - the colonel * J.Magomedov - the judge of the Kirov (

Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...

) regional court

Notes

External links

Folk Songs and Dances of the Rutuls of Azerbaijan

rutulia.com
— Rutul national website. {{Authority control Ethnic groups in Dagestan Ethnic groups in Azerbaijan Muslim communities of Russia Peoples of the Caucasus Rutulsky District