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Roman Vladimirovich Davydov (russian: Роман Владимирович Давыдов; — 17 September 1988) was a Soviet and Russian
animation director An animation director is either the director in charge of all aspects of the animation process during the production of an animated film or television, and animated segment for a live action film or television show, or the animator in charge of co ...
, animator, artist and educator. Honored Art Worker of the RSFSR (1979).''Sergei Kapkov (2006)''.
Encyclopedia of Domestic Animation The ''Encyclopedia of Domestic Animation'' (russian: Энциклопедия отечественной мультипликации; transliterated ''Entsiklopediya otechestvennoy multiplikatsiyi'') is a collection of biographies and filmographie ...
. — Moscow: Algorithm, p. 222—223


Biography

Roman Davydov was born in Moscow. As a kid he grew up in a house with stables; he watched horses for hours and drew them.''Irina Margolina, Natalia Lozinskaya (2006)''. Our Animation. — Moscow: Interros, p. 70-75 His love for
animal art An animal painter is an artist who specialises in (or is known for their skill in) the portrayal of animals. The ''OED'' dates the first express use of the term "animal painter" to the mid-18th century: by English physician, naturalist and wri ...
and his knowledge of anatomy would later make him one of the most wanted animators every time someone directed movies involving animals, especially horses. According to
Yevgeniy Migunov Yevgeny Tikhonovich Migunov (russian: Евгений Тихонович Мигунов; February 27, 1921 — January 1, 2004) was a Russian artist, cartoonist, book illustrator, animation and art director, screenwriter, inventor, educator and memo ...
, only two other animators at
Soyuzmultfilm Soyuzmultfilm ( rus, Союзмультфи́льм, p=səˌjʉsmʊlʲtˈfʲilʲm , ''Union Cartoon'') (also known as SMF Animation Studio in English, Formerly known as Soyuzdetmultfilm) is a Russian animation studio based in Moscow. Launched in ...
could match him:
Grigory Kozlov Grigory, Grigori and Grigoriy are Russian masculine given names. It may refer to watcher angels or more specifically to the egrḗgoroi or Watcher angels. Grigory * Grigory Baklanov (1923–2009), Russian novelist * Grigory Barenblatt (1927201 ...
and Nikolay Fyodorov, both with their own approaches, and they always tried to best each other.
magazine, and in 1937 he joined animation courses at
Soyuzmultfilm Soyuzmultfilm ( rus, Союзмультфи́льм, p=səˌjʉsmʊlʲtˈfʲilʲm , ''Union Cartoon'') (also known as SMF Animation Studio in English, Formerly known as Soyuzdetmultfilm) is a Russian animation studio based in Moscow. Launched in ...
. His first movies date back to 1939. He worked in
traditional animation Traditional animation (or classical animation, cel animation, or hand-drawn animation) is an animation technique in which each frame is drawn by hand. The technique was the dominant form of animation in cinema until computer animation. Proce ...
up until 1955 when he joined the recently opened puppet division of Soyuzmultfilm and produced several
stop motion Stop motion is an animated filmmaking technique in which objects are physically manipulated in small increments between individually photographed frames so that they will appear to exhibit independent motion or change when the series of frames i ...
films. He was the only director of that time who used an old-fashioned, time-consuming method of filming dolls with changeable parts last practiced by
Aleksandr Ptushko Aleksandr Lukich Ptushko (russian: Александр Лукич Птушко, – 6 March 1973) was a Soviet animation and fantasy film director, and a People's Artist of the USSR (1969). Ptushko is frequently (and somewhat misleadingly) referred ...
.one of the first traditionally animated experiments of the
Khrushchev Thaw The Khrushchev Thaw ( rus, хрущёвская о́ттепель, r=khrushchovskaya ottepel, p=xrʊˈɕːɵfskəjə ˈotʲ:ɪpʲɪlʲ or simply ''ottepel'')William Taubman, Khrushchev: The Man and His Era, London: Free Press, 2004 is the period ...
that introduced a "formalistic", caricature art style in contrast with the realistic approach usual for that era. He continued developing it in his next projects, most notably the political satire ''Shareholders & Co'' (1963) and ''The Main Stellar'' (1966), a rare example of Soviet
science fiction Science fiction (sometimes shortened to Sci-Fi or SF) is a genre of speculative fiction which typically deals with imaginative and futuristic concepts such as advanced science and technology, space exploration, time travel, parallel unive ...
. Davydov experimented a lot with schematic, "angular", yet stylized characters, total animation, combinations of static composition and various details in motion, several panoramas moving at different speed in one shot and so on. From 1967 to 1971 he directed his most famous work: the ''
Adventures of Mowgli ''Adventures of Mowgli'' (russian: Маугли; also spelled ''Maugli'') is an animated feature-length story originally released as five animated shorts of about 20 minutes each between 1967 and 1971 in the Soviet Union. It is based on Rudyard Ki ...
'' mini-series adapted from
Rudyard Kipling Joseph Rudyard Kipling ( ; 30 December 1865 – 18 January 1936)''The Times'', (London) 18 January 1936, p. 12. was an English novelist, short-story writer, poet, and journalist. He was born in British India, which inspired much of his work. ...
's two
Jungle Book ''The Jungle Book'' (1894) is a collection of stories by the English author Rudyard Kipling. Most of the characters are animals such as Shere Khan the tiger and Baloo the bear, though a principal character is the boy or "man-cub" Mowgli, who ...
s. It consisted of five 20-minute episodes released yearly, and in 1973 they were combined into a
feature film A feature film or feature-length film is a narrative film (motion picture or "movie") with a running time long enough to be considered the principal or sole presentation in a commercial entertainment program. The term ''feature film'' originall ...
. The first episode was developed and released simultaneously with ''
The Jungle Book ''The Jungle Book'' (1894) is a collection of stories by the English author Rudyard Kipling. Most of the characters are animals such as Shere Khan the tiger and Baloo the bear, though a principal character is the boy or "man-cub" Mowgli, ...
'' by
Disney The Walt Disney Company, commonly known as Disney (), is an American multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios complex in Burbank, California. Disney was originally founded on October ...
and featured completely different style and mood. Made as a close adaptation of Kipling's writings, it allowed Davydov for a detailed study of the Indian wildlife and a mature storyline that featured a number of violent scenes, including the epic battle with red dogs from
The Second Jungle Book ''The Second Jungle Book'' is a sequel to ''The Jungle Book'' by Rudyard Kipling. First published in 1895, it features five stories about Mowgli and three unrelated stories, all but one set in India, most of which Kipling wrote while living in V ...
(some critics linked it to the history of the
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...
). Roman Davydov was also known for his
Russian nationalism Russian nationalism is a form of nationalism that promotes Russian cultural identity and unity. Russian nationalism first rose to prominence in the early 19th century, and from its origin in the Russian Empire, to its repression during early ...
among colleagues. His film crews consisted almost exclusively of ethnic Russian animators and art directors (most commonly of Aleksandr Vinokurov, Pyotr Repkin and Viktor Nikitin), and after ''Mowgli'' he switched to adaptations of Russian historical events and folklore. Among them were '' Ratibor's Childhood'' (1973) based on the historical novel Primordial Rus' by Valentin Ivanov about the life of the
East Slavs The East Slavs are the most populous subgroup of the Slavs. They speak the East Slavic languages, and formed the majority of the population of the medieval state Kievan Rus', which they claim as their cultural ancestor.John Channon & Robert H ...
during the 6th century; ''Vasilisa Mikulishna'' (1975) that featured two
bylina A ( rus, были́на, p=bɨˈlʲinə; pl. ) is an Old Russian oral epic poem. Byliny narratives are loosely based on historical fact, but greatly embellished with fantasy or hyperbole. The word derives from the past tense of the verb '' ...
heroes: Stavr Godinovich and his wife Vasilisa Mikulishna, daughter of
Mikula Selyaninovich Mikula Selyaninovich (russian: Микула Селянинович, Mikula the Villager's Son) is a Russian epic hero, a ''bogatyr'' - plowman, from the Novgorod Republic ''bylina'' cycle.Leonard Arthur Magnus, "The Heroic Ballads of Russia". K. Pa ...
; '' The Swans of Nepryadva'' (1980) dedicated to 600 years since the
Battle of Kulikovo The Battle of Kulikovo (russian: Мамаево побоище, Донское побоище, Куликовская битва, битва на Куликовом поле) was fought between the armies of the Golden Horde, under the command ...
and ''A Tale of Evpaty Kolovrat'' (1985) about another medieval
bogatyr A bogatyr ( rus, богатырь, p=bəɡɐˈtɨrʲ, a=Ru-богатырь.ogg) or vityaz ( rus, витязь, p=ˈvʲitʲɪsʲ) is a stock character in medieval East Slavic legends, akin to a Western European knight-errant. Bogatyrs appear ma ...
,
Evpaty Kolovrat Evpaty Kolovrat ( rus, Евпатий Коловрат, Yevpatiy Kolovrat, ; c.1200 – 1238) is a Russian bogatyr described in ''The Tale of the Destruction of Ryazan''. According to the tale he died while fighting the vastly superior army of ...
. His last unfinished film was called ''A Letter from the XIII Century''. Apart from the work at
Soyuzmultfilm Soyuzmultfilm ( rus, Союзмультфи́льм, p=səˌjʉsmʊlʲtˈfʲilʲm , ''Union Cartoon'') (also known as SMF Animation Studio in English, Formerly known as Soyuzdetmultfilm) is a Russian animation studio based in Moscow. Launched in ...
Davydov also illustrated children's books based on his own films and led training courses for animators. He was also a member of
ASIFA The International Animated Film Association (French: ''Association Internationale du Film d'Animation'', ASIFA) is an international non-profit organization founded in 1960 in Annecy, France, by the best known animation artists of the time such a ...
. Roman Davydov died in 1988 after surviving a stroke and a heart attack. His son Aleksandr Davydov (25 January 1937 — 20 November 2012) was also a prominent Russian animator and animation director.Alexander Davydov
at
Animator.ru Animator.ru is a Russian website chronicling the films, people and studios of the animation industry in Russia, the former Soviet Union and (to a lesser extent) the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). It also includes a forum, a news block, ...


Filmography


Director

* 1948 — ''A Hunting Gun'' (with Panteleymon Sazonov, also animator) * 1955 — ''Ballad of a Table'' (with Mikhail Kalinin, also art director) * 1956 — ''Kolobok'' (also art director) * 1958 — ''Three Bears'' * 1961 — ''A Goatling'' * 1961 — ''Hail to You, Sky Brothers!'' (with Ivan Aksenchuk) * 1962 — ''Living Numbers'' * 1963 — ''Shareholders & Co'' * 1964 — ''At the Edge of Mystery'' * 1965 — ''Gunan-Bator'' * 1966 — ''The Main Stellar'' * 1967-1971 — ''
Adventures of Mowgli ''Adventures of Mowgli'' (russian: Маугли; also spelled ''Maugli'') is an animated feature-length story originally released as five animated shorts of about 20 minutes each between 1967 and 1971 in the Soviet Union. It is based on Rudyard Ki ...
'' (also animator) * 1968 — ''
Fitil ''Fitil'' ( rus, Фитиль, p=fʲɪˈtʲilʲ, ''Fuse'') is a popular Soviet short film and television anthology series which ran for 608 episodes. Some of the episodes were aimed at children, and were called , ''Little Fuse''. Each issue contain ...
'' № 69 (''Proprietor'' episode) * 1972 — ''Foka — Versatile Worker'' * 1973 — '' Ratibor's Childhood'' * 1973 — ''Who Pushed Me?'' * 1975 — ''Vasilisa Mikulishna'' * 1976 — ''Slashing Fellow'' * 1977 — ''Tom Thumb'' (with Aleksandr Trusov) * 1978 — ''The Last Bride of Zmey Gorynych'' * 1980 — '' The Swans of Nepryadva'' * 1982 — ''The Son of Stone'' * 1983 — ''A Hunter and His Son'' * 1983 — ''A Tablet'' * 1985 — ''A Tale of Evpaty Kolovrat'' * 1986 — ''The Son of Stone and a Giant''


Animator

* 1939 — ''War Chronicles'' * 1939 — ''Limpopo'' * 1940 — ''And We Are Out to Olympics'' * 1940 — ''Ivas * 1941 — ''Barmalei'' * 1941 — ''Fly-Clatterfly'' * 1942 — ''Fox, Hare and Rooster'' * 1943 — ''Stolen Sun'' * 1943 — ''
The Tale of Tsar Saltan The Tale of Tsar Saltan, of His Son the Renowned and Mighty Bogatyr Prince Gvidon Saltanovich, and of the Beautiful Princess-Swan ( rus, «Сказка о царе Салтане, о сыне его славном и могучем богаты ...
'' * 1944 — ''Musical Joke'' * 1944 — ''Telephone'' * 1945 — ''Winter Tale'' * 1945 — '' The Lost Letter'' * 1945 — ''Teremok'' * 1946 — ''The Song of Happiness'' * 1947 — '' The Humpbacked Horse'' * 1947 — ''Merry Garden'' * 1947 — ''Quartet'' * 1948 — ''Grey Neck'' * 1949 — ''Miraculous Bell'' * 1950 — '' The Tale of the Fisherman and the Fish'' * 1950 — ''Magic Treasure'' * 1950 — ''When New Year Trees Light Up'' * 1950 — ''Deer and Wolf'' * 1950 — ''Wonder Mill'' * 1951 — ''
The Night Before Christmas ''A Visit from St. Nicholas'', more commonly known as ''The Night Before Christmas'' and ''Twas the Night Before Christmas'' from its first line, is a poem first published anonymously under the title ''Account of a Visit from St. Nicholas'' i ...
'' * 1951 — ''Forest Adventurers'' * 1951 — ''Brave Heart'' * 1952 — ''
The Scarlet Flower The Scarlet Flower (russian: Аленький цветочек, ''Alen'kiy tsvetochek''), also known as The Little Scarlet Flower or The Little Red Flower, is a Russian folk tale written by Sergey Aksakov. It is an adaptation of traditional fai ...
'' * 1952 — ''Validub'' * 1952 — ''Kashtanka'' * 1952 — ''Sarmiko'' * 1952 — ''
The Snow Maiden ''The Snow Maiden'' (subtitle: A Spring Fairy Tale) ( rus, Снегурочка–весенняя сказка, Snegúrochka–vesénnyaya skázka, italic=yes ) is an opera in four acts with a prologue by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, composed ...
'' * 1953 — ''Magic Bird'' * 1953 — ''Painted Fox'' * 1953 — ''Flight to the Moon'' * 1953 — ''Sister Alyonushka and Brother Ivanushka'' * 1954 — ''The Golden Antelope'' * 1954 — ''Dangerous Prank'' * 1954 — ''Illegible Signature'' * 1954 — ''Straw Bullock'' * 1955 — ''Island of Mistakes'' * 1955 — ''Dog and Cat'' * 1955 — ''Golden Comb Rooster'' * 1955 — ''Snowman-Postman'' * 1955 — ''Brave Hare'' * 1956 — ''Divinity'' * 1957 — ''Familiar Pictures'' * 1958 — ''Golden Wheats'' * 1959 — ''It Will Rain Soon''


Honors and awards

* Honored Art Worker of the RSFSR (1979) *
Order of the Red Banner of Labour The Order of the Red Banner of Labour (russian: Орден Трудового Красного Знамени, translit=Orden Trudovogo Krasnogo Znameni) was an order of the Soviet Union established to honour great deeds and services to th ...
(1986)


See also

*
History of Russian animation The history of Russian animation is the visual art form produced by Russian animation makers. As most of Russia's production of animation for cinema and television were created during Soviet times, it may also be referred to some extent as the histo ...


References


External links


Roman Davydov
at
Animator.ru Animator.ru is a Russian website chronicling the films, people and studios of the animation industry in Russia, the former Soviet Union and (to a lesser extent) the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). It also includes a forum, a news block, ...
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Davydov, Roman 1913 births 1988 deaths Animal artists Artists from Moscow Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour Russian animated film directors Russian animators Russian caricaturists Soviet animation directors Soviet animators Soviet caricaturists