Roberto Raviola

Magnus, pseudonym of Roberto Raviola (May 30, 1939 – February 5, 1996), was an Italian comic book artist, regarded as one of the foremost cartoonists of all time in his country.

Biography

Born in Bologna in 1939, he studied at Academy of Fine Arts. Raviola lived there for his whole life.

Having worked as an illustrator, he started his comics career and his association with Max Bunker in 1964 with the series '' Kriminal''. He took the pseudonym Magnus, from the Latin phrase ''Magnus Pictor Fecit'' ("A Great Painter Did It"). During the 1960s the duo became a mainstay of Italian comics creating successful series such as '' Kriminal'' and ''Satanik'' (1964), '' Dennis Cobb'', '' Gesebel'' (1966, only first six stories by Magnus) and ''Maxmagnus'' (1968). Magnus' atmospheric use of black and white was instrumental in launching a new comics genre, called ''fumetti neri'' (black comics/adult comics).

In 1967 Magnus & Bunker started working on a new series resulting in the May 1969 release of the humorous '' Alan Ford''.

After leaving ''Alan Ford'' in 1975, Magnus began an association with Renzo Barbieri's publishing house, which was specialized in the erotic comics genre. In the 1970s works like ''Midnight of Fire'', ''Ten Knights and a Wizard'', ''Vendetta Macumba'' and ''The Living Skull'' came out. Magnus continued creating the long saga ''The Outlaws'' and in 1975 he started the ''Lo Sconosciuto'' (a character whose lastname is Unknow, intentional misspelling of "Unknown") series, today considered one of Magnus' finest creations. In 1977 ''The Company of the Gallows'' series appeared.

During the 1980s he created two science fictional heroines: Milady 3000 (1980–1984) and '' Necron's'' Frieda Boher, written by Ilaria Volpe. Milady, translated also in France on ''Metal Hurlant'' magazine, is a science fiction series where Chinese culture, Flash Gordon and Star Wars' influences, erotism and technology are well mixed.

Magnus briefly returned to ''Alan Ford'' in 1986, to draw the 200th episode.

Subsequently, inspired by eastern literature, he created ''The 110 pills'', ''Fiori di prugno in un vaso d'oro'' and ''The Enchanted Women''. In 1989 Magnus began his last work, a long story featuring the popular Italian western character Tex, written by Claudio Nizzi: for it Magnus completed 223 exceedingly detailed plates in 7 years of work, for which he used original sources for any historical element, and studied from live any natural detail such as leaves, light and trees. In August 1991 Magnus had moved to Castel del Rio, near Bologna, where he spent his last years and died of cancer just few days after completing his Tex story.

Bibliography

* ''Il vendicatore'' ("The Avenger", 1958)
* ''Il dottor Kastner'' (1961)
* '' Kriminal'' (1964)
* ''Satanik'' (1964)
* '' Gesebel'' (1966)
* '' Dennis Cobb Agente SS018'' (1966)
* ''Maxmagnus'' (1968)
* '' Alan Ford'' (1969–1975, 1986)
* ''Mezzanotte di morte'' ("Midnight of Death", 1975)
* ''Dieci cavalieri e un mago'' ("Ten Knights and a Wizard", 1975)
* ''Quella sera al collegio femminile'' ("That night in the female college", 1975)
* ''Il teschio vivente'' ("The Living Skull", 1975)
* ''Lo Sconosciuto'' ("The Unknown", 1975)
* '' La Compagnia della Forca'' ("The Company of the Gallows", 1977)
* ''I Briganti'' (1973–1978)
* ''Vendetta Macumba'' (1979)
* '' Milady nel 3000'' (1980)
* '' Necron'' (1981)
* ''Il sogno dello scroscio di pioggia'' ("The dream of the rain pelt", 1984)
* ''Le 110 pillole'' ("110 pills", 1985)
* ''Le femmine incantate'' ("The Enchanted Women", 1987)
* '' Tex Willer Special #9: La Valle del Terrore'' (1996)

Notes

External links

Magnus bibliography
on Lambiek Comiclopedia

{{DEFAULTSORT:Raviola, Roberto
1939 births
1996 deaths
Artists from Bologna
Italian comics artists
Italian erotic artists
Deaths from cancer in Emilia-Romagna
Italian cartoonists
Accademia di Belle Arti di Bologna alumni