Revitalizant ( la, vita — life, can be literally translated to “bringing back to life”) is a semi-permanent treatment for

metals A metal (from Greek μέταλλον ''métallon'', "mine, quarry, metal") is a material that, when freshly prepared, polished, or fractured, shows a lustrous appearance, and conducts electricity and heat relatively well. Metals are typical ...

found in automobile engines, transmissions, fuel pumps, and other friction surfaces in industrial and other machines. The treatment is added to the engine oil, operating fluids, or fuel. The treatment forms a protective cermet or ceramic-metal

coating A coating is a covering that is applied to the surface of an object, usually referred to as the substrate. The purpose of applying the coating may be decorative, functional, or both. Coatings may be applied as liquids, gases or solids e.g. Pow ...

on the friction metal parts of the mechanisms directly during the process of their operation. The '' Revitalizant '' solves the problem of non-wear operation of cars and mechanisms.

History

The ''Revitalizant'' was developed in 1998 in

Kharkiv Kharkiv ( uk, wikt:Харків, Ха́рків, ), also known as Kharkov (russian: Харькoв, ), is the second-largest List of cities in Ukraine, city and List of hromadas of Ukraine, municipality in Ukraine.Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...

) by

XADO Xado is a multinational chemical group with headquarters in Germany, the Netherlands, and Ukraine, manufacturing high-tech nano technology products and lubricants such as revitalizants, lubricants, oils, greases, aftermarket oil additives, fuel ...

. The composition and the method of its preparation are patented. The notion was included in the textbook on

tribology Tribology is the science and engineering of interacting surfaces in relative motion. It includes the study and application of the principles of friction, lubrication and wear. Tribology is highly interdisciplinary, drawing on many academic f ...

Description

Visually it is a

gel A gel is a semi-solid that can have properties ranging from soft and weak to hard and tough. Gels are defined as a substantially dilute cross-linked system, which exhibits no flow when in the steady-state, although the liquid phase may still dif ...

or a plastic substance. It consists of a lubricant and a mixture of oxides and metal oxide hydrates: Al₂O₃ and/or SiO₂ and/or MgO and/or CaO and/or Fe₂O₃ etc., with

dispersion Dispersion may refer to: Economics and finance * Dispersion (finance), a measure for the statistical distribution of portfolio returns * Price dispersion, a variation in prices across sellers of the same item *Wage dispersion, the amount of variat ...

from 100 to 10,000 nanometers.

Properties

*Under certain conditions (

pressure Pressure (symbol: ''p'' or ''P'') is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed. Gauge pressure (also spelled ''gage'' pressure)The preferred spelling varies by country and e ...

and

temperature Temperature is a physical quantity that expresses quantitatively the perceptions of hotness and coldness. Temperature is measurement, measured with a thermometer. Thermometers are calibrated in various Conversion of units of temperature, temp ...

) typical for the contact of the parts during friction, the substances contained in the revitalizant act as a

catalyst Catalysis () is the process of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction by adding a substance known as a catalyst (). Catalysts are not consumed in the reaction and remain unchanged after it. If the reaction is rapid and the catalyst recyc ...

for creating the metal

carbide In chemistry, a carbide usually describes a compound composed of carbon and a metal. In metallurgy, carbiding or carburizing is the process for producing carbide coatings on a metal piece. Interstitial / Metallic carbides The carbides of th ...

of coupling materials.

\mathrm{n Me + m C \rightarrow  Me_nC_m },

where Me stands for metal; C - carbon. *Particles of the substance have the form similar to the spherical and during the process of friction they are acting as

surface hardening Case-hardening or surface hardening is the process of hardening the surface of a metal object while allowing the metal deeper underneath to remain soft, thus forming a thin layer of harder metal at the surface. For iron or steel with low carbon ...

and at the same time as rolling substances, reducing the

friction coefficient Friction is the force resisting the relative motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, and material elements sliding against each other. There are several types of friction: *Dry friction is a force that opposes the relative lateral motion of t ...

Process

The process of the protective

formation, called revitalization, is based on physical-chemical interaction between surfaces of the parts on the spots of virtual contact covered with revitalizant in a boundary or mixed lubrication mode. As a result a gradient

cermet A cermet is a composite material composed of ceramic (cer) and metal (met) materials. A cermet can combine attractive properties of both a ceramic, such as high temperature resistance and hardness, and those of a metal, such as the ability to und ...

coating is formed, containing positive compressive stresses all over its depth and concentration of

carbon Carbon () is a chemical element with the symbol C and atomic number 6. It is nonmetallic and tetravalent—its atom making four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds. It belongs to group 14 of the periodic table. Carbon mak ...

, increasing at the surface (up to the formation of

diamond Diamond is a solid form of the element carbon with its atoms arranged in a crystal structure called diamond cubic. Another solid form of carbon known as graphite is the chemically stable form of carbon at room temperature and pressure, ...

-like structures). Distinctive feature of the process is a hardening of the coating with its simultaneous growthDzhus R. N. System-physic approach to the explanation of anti-wear friction with the use of revitalizants / /Public Information and Computer Technology: Collection of scientific papers. 23rd Publication – Kharkiv: National Aerospace University "Kharkiv Aviation Institute". – 2004. – P.183-186 (in Russian)

Application

Used in the manufacture of lubricants, greases and

additives Additive may refer to: Mathematics * Additive function, a function in number theory * Additive map, a function that preserves the addition operation * Additive set-functionn see Sigma additivity * Additive category, a preadditive category with fi ...

References

Lubricants Oil additives