Ray Bourbon
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Ray (or Rae) Bourbon (born Hallie Board Waddell; August 11, 1902 – July 19, 1971) was an American
female impersonator A drag queen is a person, usually male, who uses drag clothing and makeup to imitate and often exaggerate female gender signifiers and gender roles for entertainment purposes. Historically, drag queens have usually been gay men, and part of ...
, entertainer and
vaudeville Vaudeville (; ) is a theatrical genre of variety entertainment born in France at the end of the 19th century. A vaudeville was originally a comedy without psychological or moral intentions, based on a comical situation: a dramatic composition ...
performer, noted for his "outrageous" risqué
monologues In theatre, a monologue (from el, μονόλογος, from μόνος ''mónos'', "alone, solitary" and λόγος ''lógos'', "speech") is a speech presented by a single character, most often to express their thoughts aloud, though sometimes a ...
. He mainly performed in
nightclub A nightclub (music club, discothèque, disco club, or simply club) is an entertainment venue during nighttime comprising a dance floor, lightshow, and a stage for live music or a disc jockey (DJ) who plays recorded music. Nightclubs gener ...
s, gaining a following in the 1930s and 1940s, and issued several LPs of comic material during the 1950s. He died while serving a prison sentence, after having been convicted of being an accomplice to murder.


Early life

Many details of Rae's life are disputed, as he had something of an
unreliable narrator An unreliable narrator is a narrator whose credibility is compromised. They can be found in fiction and film, and range from children to mature characters. The term was coined in 1961 by Wayne C. Booth in ''The Rhetoric of Fiction''. While unr ...
one who told many outrageous stories during his life. One friend stated: "Where Ray was concerned, we simply never knew what was real and what wasn't."Randy A. Riddle, ''Don't Call Me Madam - The Life and Work of Ray Bourbon'', 2005
Retrieved 19 October 2019
Research published in 2021 indicates that he was born in Texarkana, on August 11, 1902, as Hallie Board Waddell. He was also known as Hal Wadell (or Waddell), Hal Hughes, Richard Mann, Ramón Ícarez and others. Rae usually claimed this birth date, but
FBI The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the domestic intelligence and security service of the United States and its principal federal law enforcement agency. Operating under the jurisdiction of the United States Department of Justice, t ...
sources state that he once claimed that his birth was in 1892. In a 1937 application for a
Social Security Welfare, or commonly social welfare, is a type of government support intended to ensure that members of a society can meet basic human needs such as food and shelter. Social security may either be synonymous with welfare, or refer specifical ...
card, he gave his birth name as Hal Wadell, but at different times in his life claimed that he was the
illegitimate Legitimacy, in traditional Western common law, is the status of a child born to parents who are legally married to each other, and of a child conceived before the parents obtain a legal divorce. Conversely, ''illegitimacy'', also known as '' ...
son of a Texas congressman, and/or that he was the "last of the Habsburg Bourbons" whose mother had traveled to the US shortly before giving birth. The recent research suggests that, after his mother, Elizabeth Waddell ( Wilhelm) remarried, Rae was recorded in the 1910 census as Hallie Hughes, and in 1920 as Hal Hughes, living at both dates in Texarkana. He claimed, apparently falsely, to have attended school in London, and to have first performed on stage there in 1913.Ray Bourbon at Dragstravaganza
Retrieved 30 May 2013
According to the FBI, he returned to the US around 1917, married and had a son, though again this appears to be untrue. Bourbon claimed to have been a stunt double for movie actresses, and an uncredited actor in several silent films, notably Rudolph Valentino's '' Blood and Sand'' in 1922. Using the name Ramón Ícarez, he may have appeared as a dancer at the opening of the
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in 1923. He also performed in
vaudeville Vaudeville (; ) is a theatrical genre of variety entertainment born in France at the end of the 19th century. A vaudeville was originally a comedy without psychological or moral intentions, based on a comical situation: a dramatic composition ...
as one half of a double act with Bert Sherry, and toured the US and England. In 1929 he worked in another double act, Scotch and Bourbon, and in 1931 (as Mr. Rae Bourbon) modeled women's dresses in a department store in Bakersfield, California. Kliph Nesteroff, ''Murder in Mink! The Crimes of Comedian Ray Bourbon'', June 30, 2012
Retrieved 30 May 2013
After receiving a large inheritance, perhaps as a result of his mother's death in 1929, he then wrote a novel, ''Hookers'', published under the
pseudonym A pseudonym (; ) or alias () is a fictitious name that a person or group assumes for a particular purpose, which differs from their original or true name (orthonym). This also differs from a new name that entirely or legally replaces an individua ...
of Richard F. Mann.


Female impersonation

By 1932 Rae was working full-time as a female impersonator, headlining "Frisco’s first pansy show", ''Boys Will Be Girls'', in
San Francisco San Francisco (; Spanish for " Saint Francis"), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the commercial, financial, and cultural center of Northern California. The city proper is the fourth most populous in California and 17th ...
in 1933 at Tait’s Café. He became noted for his outrageous material, and was later described as "a professional vulgarian, not to be confused with glamour drag." In the 1930s and 1940s he appeared in hundreds of gay nightclubs across the US, notably in San Francisco,
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and Miami Beach. He performed his own material, or songs specially written for him such as "Mr. Wong Has Got The Biggest Tong In China", and occasionally issued recordings, such as ''Hilarity From Hollywood'' (c.1945). His accompanists included Chet Forrest and
Bart Howard Bart Howard (born Howard Joseph Gustafson, June 1, 1915 – February 21, 2004) was an American composer and songwriter, most notably of the jazz standard " Fly Me to the Moon", which has been performed by Kaye Ballard, Judy Garland, Frank Sinatra, ...
. He put on his show ''Don’t Call Me Madam: A Midnight Revue in Time'' at Carnegie Hall in
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to a sell-out audience. In 1944, he was hired by
Mae West Mae West (born Mary Jane West; August 17, 1893 – November 22, 1980) was an American stage and film actress, playwright, screenwriter, singer, and sex symbol whose entertainment career spanned over seven decades. She was known for her breezy ...
to perform in her
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production of ''Catherine Was Great'', and her show '' Diamond Lil'' which toured until 1950.


Later life

By the early 1950s Rae increasingly faced prosecution, as well as declining sales, and his shows were too risqué for a mainstream audience. He issued a series of
spoken word Spoken word refers to an oral poetic performance art that is based mainly on the poem as well as the performer's aesthetic qualities. It is a late 20th century continuation of an ancient oral artistic tradition that focuses on the aesthetics of ...
albums on his UTC ("Under The Counter") label, which were available at his performances and by mail order. In Los Angeles, he was arrested on a charge of "impersonating a woman", and the authorities closed down the club in which he was performing on the grounds that it was "presenting an indecent performance." After an arrest in
New Orleans New Orleans ( , ,New Orleans
in 1956 he claimed to have undertaken a "sex change"
gender reassignment Gender is the range of characteristics pertaining to femininity and masculinity and differentiating between them. Depending on the context, this may include sex-based social structures (i.e. gender roles) and gender identity. Most cultures u ...
operation in
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. This was probably untrue and no more than a
publicity stunt In marketing, a publicity stunt is a planned event designed to attract the public's attention to the event's organizers or their cause. Publicity stunts can be professionally organized, or set up by amateurs. Such events are frequently utilize ...
; he may in fact have undergone an operation for
cancer Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. These contrast with benign tumors, which do not spread. Possible signs and symptoms include a lump, abnormal b ...
. However, he persistently used the claim in his material and publicity, even releasing an album titled ''Let Me Tell You About My Operation'', and he insisted thereafter on being billed as Rae (rather than Ray) Bourbon.


Prosecution and death

In December 1968 Rae was accused of being an accomplice to murder. He traveled between performances in an old car pulling a trailer containing some 70 pet dogs; after the car broke down, he entrusted their care to a kennel owner in Texas, A. D. Blount. However, when Bourbon failed to pay for the dogs' upkeep, Blount disposed of the dogs, most probably to an animal shelter. Bourbon became convinced that the dogs had simply been killed and he hired two men, Bobby Eugene Chrisco and Randall Craneto, to beat Blount up. Blount was shot once in the chest during the attack and died as a result. Bourbon was arrested 10 days later. He pleaded innocence, but was convicted with the two men and sentenced to a 99-year prison term. Bourbon died in hospital in
Brownwood, Texas Brownwood is a city in and the county seat of Brown County, Texas, United States. The population was 18,862 at th2020 census Brownwood is located in the Northern Texas Hill Country and is home to Howard Payne University that was founded in 1889. ...
, while serving his prison sentence in 1971.


References


External links


Don't Call Me Madam - The Life and Work of Ray Bourbon


* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Bourbon, Ray 1902 births 1971 deaths American people who died in prison custody American drag queens Gay entertainers 20th-century American LGBT people American people convicted of murder People convicted of murder by Texas Prisoners who died in Texas detention