Rampur-Sahaswan gharana is a

gharana In Hindustani music (North Indian classical music), a ''gharānā'' is a system of social organisation in the Indian subcontinent, linking musicians or dancers by lineage or apprenticeship, and more importantly by adherence to a particular mus ...

(musical heritage) of

Hindustani classical music Hindustani classical music is the classical music of northern regions of the Indian subcontinent. It may also be called North Indian classical music or, in Hindustani, ''shastriya sangeet'' (). It is played in instruments like the violin, si ...

centred in the North-

Uttar Pradesh Uttar Pradesh (; , 'Northern Province') is a state in northern India. With over 200 million inhabitants, it is the most populated state in India as well as the most populous country subdivision in the world. It was established in 1950 ...

towns of Rampur and

Sahaswan Sahaswan is a city and a municipal board in Budaun district in the Indian state of western Uttar Pradesh. It is also an administrative Block, 0177 is the block code. Demographics According to 2011 Census of India the total area of the Sahaswan ...

. Ustad Inayat Hussain Khan (1849–1919) was the founder of this gharana.

History

The gharana find its origins in

Mehboob Khan Mehboob Khan (born Mehboob Khan Ramzan Khan; 9 September 1907
at filmreference.com. – 28 ...

, the chief khayal singer in the royal court of Rampur State (in present

), his tradition was followed by his son Inayat Hussain Khan (1849–1919) and in turn by Inyat's brothers-in-law, Haider Khan (1857–1927), Ustad Fida Hussain Khan and Padma Bhushan Ustad Mushtaq Hussain Khan (1878–1964; first recipient of the Padma Bhushan Award), thus all the singers were connected with each other, and gharana was named after their ancestral place,

, in present Badaun district. Wade. p. 136 Amongst most famous and relevant vocalists of the Gharana are

Mushtaq Hussain Khan Ustad Mushtaq Hussain Khan (1878–1964) was an Indian classical vocalist. He belonged to the Rampur-Sahaswan gharana. Early life Mushtaq Hussain was born in a family of traditional musicians in Sahaswan, a small town in Budaun District of U ...

, Nissar Hussain Khan, Ghulam Mustafa Khan,

Ghulam Sadiq Khan Ustad Ghulam Sadiq Khan (22 August 1939 – 15 May 2016) was an Indian classical vocalist. He belonged to the Rampur-Sahaswan gharana. Musical career He was initiated into music at the age of nine by his father Ustad Ghulam Jafar Khan, who wa ...

and

Rashid Khan Rashid Khan Arman ( ps, ; born 20 September 1998) is an Afghan international cricketer and a former captain of the national team. In franchise leagues, he plays for Gujarat Titans in the Indian Premier League (IPL), Adelaide Strikers in Austra ...

. Inayat Hussain Khan was a child prodigy.

Singing style

The Rampur-Sahaswan gayaki (style of singing) is closely related to the Gwalior Gharana, which features medium-slow tempos, a full-throated voice and intricate rhythmic play. The gharana style is also known for the diversity and intricacy of the

taan ''Taan'' (Hindi: , ur, ) is a technique used in the vocal performance of a raga in Hindustani classical music. It involves the improvisation of very rapid melodic passages using vowels, often the long "a" as in the word "far", and it targets a ...

s (rapidfire elaborations), as well as

tarana ''Tarana'' is a type of composition in Hindustani classical vocal music in which certain words (e.g. "odani", "todani", "tadeem" and "yalali") based on Persian and Arabic phonemes are rendered at a medium (''madhya laya'') or fast (''drut laya'' ...

singing. Renowned singers of this gharana include the first and, perhaps the foremost disciple of Inayat Hussain Khan, Haider Khan. Khan and his family play a vital role in upbringing the legacy of this illustrious family. His son Fida Hussain Khan and his grandson Nissar Hussain Khan continued the tradition. Nissar Hussain Khan was a great teacher whose disciples include vocalists Ghulam Mustafa Khan,

, Hafeez Ahmed Khan.

was a disciple of Hyder Khan and was later groomed by Inayat Hussain Khan. He was the recipient of the first

Padma Bhushan The Padma Bhushan is the third-highest civilian award in the Republic of India, preceded by the Bharat Ratna and the Padma Vibhushan and followed by the Padma Shri. Instituted on 2 January 1954, the award is given for "distinguished service ...

award in singing. The gharana is represented by two interrelated families - the direct descendants of Inayat Hussain Khan and his other relatives and disciples. In 2006, Dr Sakuntala Narasimhan, herself a disciple of Hafeez Ahmed Khan, published a book on the Rampur-Sahaswan gharana titled ''The Splendour of Rampur-Sahaswan Gharana''.

Exponents

19th Century

* Haider Khan (1857-1927), son and disciple of Ali Bux Khan. * Inayat Hussain Khan (1849–1919), son and disciple of Mehboob Khan Bakhsh. Also learned from Bahadur Hussain Khan (Senia Gharana of Rampur) and Haddu Khan of

Gwalior Gwalior() is a major city in the central Indian state of Madhya Pradesh; it lies in northern part of Madhya Pradesh and is one of the Counter-magnet cities. Located south of Delhi, the capital city of India, from Agra and from Bhopal, the s ...

. *

(1878–1964), son and disciple of Kallan Khan. Also learned from older brother, Ashiq Hussain Khan, father-in-law Inayat Hussain Khan, and Wazir Khan.

20th Century

* Arun Bhaduri (1943-2018), disciple of Ishtiaq Hussain Khan. * Sulochana Brahaspati (b. 1937), disciple of Mushtaq Hussain Khan. * Naina Devi (1917-1993), disciple of Mushtaq Hussain Khan. *

Bhimsen Joshi Pandit Bhimsen Gururaj Joshi BR (; ; 4 February 1922 – 24 January 2011), also known by the honorific prefix Pandit, was one of the greatest Indian vocalists from Karnataka, in the Hindustani classical tradition. He is known for the '' khay ...

(1922-2011), disciple of Mushtaq Hussain Khan. More associated with

Kirana Gharana Kirana gharana is one of the Indian classical khyal gharanas, and is concerned foremost with perfect intonation of notes (swara). Singing style The central concern of the Kirana style is swara, or individual notes, in particular precise tunin ...

. * Ghulam Abid Khan, son and disciple of Mushtaq Hussain Khan. *

Ghulam Hussain Khan Ghulam Hussain Khan ( ar, غلام حسین خان طباطبائی) was an Indian historian from the 18th-century Bengal who is writer of the famous book ''Seir Mutaqherin'' (سیر المتاخرین; {{lit, ''Review of Modern Times''), one of t ...

(b. 1936), son and disciple of Mushtaq Hussain Khan. * Ghulam Mustafa Khan (1931-2021), son and disciple of Waris Hussain Khan. Also learned from father-in-law, Mushtaq Hussain Khan. *

, son and disciple of Ghulam Jaffar Khan. Son-in-law and disciple of Mushtaq Hussain Khan. * Hafeez Ahmed Khan (1926-2006), son and disciple of Rashid Ahmed Khan. Also learned from Mushtaq Hussain Khan. * Nissar Hussain Khan (1909–1993), son and disciple of Fida Hussain Khan. * Shanno Khurana (b. 1927), disciple of Mushtaq Hussain Khan. *

Sumati Mutatkar Sumati Mutatkar (10 September 1916 – 28 February 2007) was an Indian classical music vocalist and musicologist from the Agra gharana of Hindustani classical music, and a Professor of Department of Music in University of Delhi. She was awarded ...

(1916-2007), disciple of Mushtaq Hussain Khan.

21st Century

Tushar Dutta Pandit Tushar Dutta (Bengali: তুষার দত্ত, Urdu:تشار دتہ, Hindi: तुषार दत्त) is a Hindustani classical music vocalist. Early life Tushar was born in Natore, Bangladesh. He started learning the fundame ...

(b. 1969), disciple of Arun Bhaduri. # Shirin Sengupta Nath ( b.1973), disciple of Pandit Arun Bhaduri.

References

Bibliography

* * * *

External links

Rampur Sahaswan Gharana
at

ITC Sangeet Research Academy ITC Sangeet Research Academy is a Hindustani classical music academy run by the corporate house, ITC Ltd. It is located in Kolkata, India. Noted musicians associated with the academy include Ulhas Kashalkar, Falguni Mitra, Ajoy Chakrabarty, U ...

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rampur-Sahaswan Gharana Vocal gharanas Rampur, Uttar Pradesh Music of Uttar Pradesh