Radical may refer to:

Politics and ideology

Politics

* Radical politics, the political intent of fundamental societal change *

Radicalism (historical) Radicalism (from French , "radical") or classical radicalism was a historical political movement representing the leftward flank of liberalism during the late 18th and early 19th centuries and a precursor to social liberalism, social democr ...

, the Radical Movement that began in late 18th century Britain and spread to continental Europe and Latin America in the 19th century *

Radical Party (disambiguation) Radical Party may refer to any of a number of political parties professing the progressive-liberal ideology known as Radicalism: Worldwide * Nonviolent Radical Party Transnational and Transparty (1989–present) Europe In the western Mediter ...

, several political parties *

Radicals (UK) The Radicals were a loose parliamentary political grouping in Great Britain and Ireland in the early to mid-19th century who drew on earlier ideas of radicalism and helped to transform the Whigs into the Liberal Party. History Early Radic ...

, a British and Irish grouping in the early to mid-19th century *

Radicalization Radicalization (or radicalisation) is the process by which an individual or a group comes to adopt increasingly views in opposition to a political, social, or religious status quo. The ideas of society at large shape the outcomes of radicalizat ...

Ideologies

* Radical chic, a term coined by Tom Wolfe to describe the pretentious adoption of radical causes *

Radical feminism Radical feminism is a perspective within feminism that calls for a Political radicalism, radical re-ordering of society in which male supremacy is eliminated in all social and economic contexts, while recognizing that women's experiences are al ...

, a perspective within feminism that focuses on patriarchy *

Radical Islam Islamic extremism, Islamist extremism, or radical Islam, is used in reference to extremist beliefs and behaviors which are associated with the Islamic religion. These are controversial terms with varying definitions, ranging from academic und ...

, or Islamic extremism *

Radical veganism The anarchist philosophical and political movement has some connections to elements of the animal liberation movement. Many anarchists are vegetarian or vegan (or veganarchists) and have played a role in combating perceived injustices against an ...

, a radical interpretation of veganism, usually combined with anarchism *

Radical Reformation The Radical Reformation represented a response to corruption both in the Catholic Church and in the expanding Magisterial Protestant movement led by Martin Luther and many others. Beginning in Germany and Switzerland in the 16th century, the Ra ...

, an Anabaptist movement concurrent with the Protestant Reformation

Science and mathematics

Science

* Radical (chemistry), an atom, molecule, or ion with unpaired valence electron(s) *

Radical surgery Radical surgery, also called radical dissection, is surgery that is more extensive than "conservative" surgery. In surgical oncology, radical surgery is surgery intended to remove both a tumor and any metastases thereof, for diagnostic and/or tre ...

, where diseased tissue or lymph nodes are removed from a diseased organ

Mathematics

Radical expression In mathematics, a radicand, also known as an nth root, of a number ''x'' is a number ''r'' which, when raised to the power ''n'', yields ''x'': :r^n = x, where ''n'' is a positive integer, sometimes called the ''degree'' of the root. A roo ...

involving roots, also known as an ''n''th root *

Radical symbol In mathematics, the radical sign, radical symbol, root symbol, radix, or surd is a symbol for the square root or higher-order root of a number. The square root of a number x is written as :\sqrt, while the nth root of x is written as :\sqrt It ...

(√), used to indicate the square root and other roots *

Radical of an algebraic group The radical of an algebraic group is the identity component of its maximal normal solvable subgroup. For example, the radical of the general linear group \operatorname_n(K) (for a field ''K'') is the subgroup consisting of scalar matrices, i.e. ma ...

, a concept in algebraic group theory * Radical of an ideal, an important concept in abstract algebra *

Radical of a ring In ring theory, a branch of mathematics, a radical of a ring is an ideal of "not-good" elements of the ring. The first example of a radical was the nilradical introduced by , based on a suggestion of . In the next few years several other radicals ...

, an ideal of "bad" elements of a ring ** Jacobson radical, consisting of those elements in a ring R that annihilate all simple right R-modules ** Nilradical of a ring, a nilpotent ideal which is as large as possible *

Radical of a module In mathematics, in the theory of modules, the radical of a module is a component in the theory of structure and classification. It is a generalization of the Jacobson radical for rings. In many ways, it is the dual notion to that of the socle so ...

, a component in the theory of structure and classification *

Radical of an integer In number theory, the radical of a positive integer ''n'' is defined as the product of the distinct prime numbers dividing ''n''. Each prime factor of ''n'' occurs exactly once as a factor of this product: \displaystyle\mathrm(n)=\prod_p The radic ...

, in number theory, the product of the primes which divide an integer * Radical of a Lie algebra, a concept in Lie theory ** Nilradical of a Lie algebra, a nilpotent ideal which is as large as possible *Left (or right) radical of a

bilinear form In mathematics, a bilinear form is a bilinear map on a vector space (the elements of which are called '' vectors'') over a field ''K'' (the elements of which are called ''scalars''). In other words, a bilinear form is a function that is linear i ...

, the subspace of all vectors left (or right) orthogonal to every vector

Linguistics

Root (linguistics) A root (or root word) is the core of a word that is irreducible into more meaningful elements. In morphology, a root is a morphologically simple unit which can be left bare or to which a prefix or a suffix can attach. The root word is the prima ...

, also called a "radical", the form of a word after any prefixes and suffixes are removed * Radical (Chinese characters), part of a Chinese character * Radical consonant, a pharyngeal consonant *Radical, one of the three consonants in a

Semitic root The roots of verbs and most nouns in the Semitic languages are characterized as a sequence of consonants or " radicals" (hence the term consonantal root). Such abstract consonantal roots are used in the formation of actual words by adding the vowel ...

Arts and entertainment

Music

* ''Radical'' (mixtape), by Odd Future, 2010 * ''Radical'' (Every Time I Die album), 2021 * ''Radical'' (Smack album), 1988 *"Radicals", a song by Tyler, The Creator from the 2011 album '' Goblin''

Architecture and design

* Radical period (design), a period in late 1960s Italian design *

Radical Baroque Baroque architecture is a highly decorative and theatrical style which appeared in Italy in the early 17th century and gradually spread across Europe. It was originally introduced by the Catholic Church, particularly by the Jesuits, as a means t ...

, an architectural style

Literature

*'' Radical: My Journey out of Islamist Extremism'', by Maajid Nawaz, 2013 * ''Radical'' (book), by David Platt, 2010

Other uses

Radical, Missouri Radical is an extinct town in Stone County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. The GNIS classifies it as a populated place. A post office called Radical was established in 1878, and remained in operation until 1944. The community was named for the fac ...

, U.S., a ghost town *

Radical, North Carolina Radical is an unincorporated area in Wilkes County, North Carolina. History A post office called Radical was established in 1902, and remained in operation until 1948. The origin of the name "Radical" is obscure. References

Unincorpor ...

, U.S. *

Radical Sportscars Radical Motorsport is a British manufacturer and constructor of racing cars. The company was founded in January 1997 by amateur drivers and engineers Mick Hyde and Phil Abbott, who built open cockpit sportscars which could be registered for roa ...

, a British sports car maker * Radical Entertainment, a Canadian video game developer *

Radical.fm Radical.FM was a digital music streaming service available on iOS devices, Android devices, and desktop web browsers. The service allows users to create their own custom online radio stations based on musical genres. Unlike other streaming services ...

, a digital music streaming service