60S ribosomal protein L5 is a
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, res ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''RPL5''
gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a b ...
.
Function
Ribosomes, the
organelles that catalyze
protein synthesis, consist of a small
40S subunit and a large
60S subunit. Together these subunits are composed of 4
RNA species and approximately 80 structurally distinct proteins. This gene encodes a
ribosomal protein
A ribosomal protein (r-protein or rProtein) is any of the proteins that, in conjunction with rRNA, make up the ribosomal subunits involved in the cellular process of translation. ''E. coli'', other bacteria and Archaea have a 30S small subunit an ...
that is a component of the 60S subunit. The protein belongs to the L18P family of ribosomal proteins. It is located in the
cytoplasm
In cell biology, the cytoplasm is all of the material within a eukaryotic cell, enclosed by the cell membrane, except for the cell nucleus. The material inside the nucleus and contained within the nuclear membrane is termed the nucleoplasm. ...
. The protein binds
5S rRNA
The 5S ribosomal RNA (5S rRNA) is an approximately 120 nucleotide-long ribosomal RNA molecule with a mass of 40 kDa. It is a structural and functional component of the large subunit of the ribosome in all domains of life (bacteria, archaea, and e ...
to form a stable complex called the 5S
ribonucleoprotein particle
A ribonucleoprotein particle or RNP is vessicle complex formed between RNA and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). The term RNP foci can also be used to denote intracellular compartments involved in processing of RNA transcripts.
RNA/RBP complexes
R ...
(RNP), which is necessary for the transport of nonribosome-associated cytoplasmic 5S rRNA to the
nucleolus
The nucleolus (, plural: nucleoli ) is the largest structure in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is best known as the site of ribosome biogenesis, which is the synthesis of ribosomes. The nucleolus also participates in the formation of ...
for assembly into ribosomes. The protein interacts specifically with the beta subunit of
casein kinase 2
Casein kinase 2 ()(CK2/CSNK2) is a serine/threonine-selective protein kinase that has been implicated in cell cycle control, DNA repair, regulation of the circadian rhythm, and other cellular processes. De-regulation of CK2 has been linked to tumo ...
.
Clinical significance
Variable expression of this gene in
colorectal cancers compared to adjacent normal tissues has been observed, although no correlation between the level of expression and the severity of the disease has been found. This gene is co-transcribed with the
small nucleolar RNA gene U21, which is located in its fifth
intron. As is typical for genes encoding ribosomal proteins, there are multiple processed
pseudogenes of this gene dispersed through the genome.
Interactions
Ribosomal protein L5 has been shown to
interact
Advocates for Informed Choice, dba interACT or interACT Advocates for Intersex Youth, is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization using innovative strategies to advocate for the legal and human rights of children with intersex traits. The organizati ...
with:
*
CSNK2B
Casein kinase II subunit beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''CSNK2B'' gene.
This gene encodes the beta subunit of casein kinase II, a ubiquitous protein kinase which regulates metabolic pathways, signal transduction, transcriptio ...
,
*
EIF5A
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EIF5A'' gene.
It is the only known protein to contain the unusual amino acid hypusine 'N''ε-(4-amino-2-hydroxybutyl)-lysine which is synthesized on e ...
,
*
Mdm2,
and
*
PDCD4
Programmed cell death protein 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''PDCD4'' gene. It is one of the targets of an oncomiR, MIRN21.
Function
This gene encodes a protein localized to the nucleus in proliferating cells. Expression of t ...
.
References
Further reading
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External links
GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Diamond–Blackfan Anemia OMIM entries on Diamond–Blackfan Anemia
{{Ribosome subunits
Ribosomal proteins