Jackson Island (russian: Остров Джексона, ''Ostrov Dzheksona'') is an island located in
Franz Josef Land
Franz Josef Land, Frantz Iosef Land, Franz Joseph Land or Francis Joseph's Land ( rus, Земля́ Фра́нца-Ио́сифа, r=Zemlya Frantsa-Iosifa, no, Fridtjof Nansen Land) is a Russian archipelago in the Arctic Ocean. It is inhabited on ...
,
Arkhangelsk Oblast,
Russian Federation
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eig ...
. This island is part of the
Zichy Land
Zichy Land (russian: Земля Зичи; ''Zemlya Zichy'') is a geographical subgroup of Franz Josef Land, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia.
It is formed by the central cluster of large islands in the midst of the archipelago. The islands are separate ...
subgroup of the central part of the archipelago.
Geography
Jackson Island's east–west extension is about , and the maximum distance from north to south is .
On the northwest shore of the island is De Long Bay. Named after ill-fated American Arctic explorer
George W. De Long
George Washington De Long (22 August 1844 – ) was a United States Navy officer and explorer who led the ill-fated ''Jeannette'' expedition of 1879–1881, in search of the Open Polar Sea.
Career
''Jeannette'' expedition
In 1879, ...
, this bay separates the island into two almost even peninsulas. From the south, this bay is bounded by
Cape Bystrova
Cape Bystrova () is a headland located on the north-west part of Jackson Island, Russia. The cape is named in honour of Alexey Bystrow
Alexey Petrovich Bystrow, sometimes spelled Alexey Petrovich Bystrov and Aleksei Petrovich Bystrow, (russi ...
, named in 1963 in honor of outstanding Russian paleontologist
A.P. Bystrow.
Jackson Island is named in honor of English polar voyager
Frederick Jackson. He explored and named several islands, among other geographical features, in Franz Josef Land. The Jackson-Harmsworth Arctic Expedition (1894–1897) was sponsored by the
Royal Geographical Society.
History
Cape Norway () on the western part of the island was where
Fridtjof Nansen and
Hjalmar Johansen
Fredrik Hjalmar Johansen (15 May 1867 – 3 January 1913) was a Norwegian polar explorer. He participated on the first and third '' Fram'' expeditions. He shipped out with the Fridtjof Nansen expedition in 1893–1896, and accompanied Nansen ...
wintered in 1895-96 after failing to reach the
North Pole
The North Pole, also known as the Geographic North Pole or Terrestrial North Pole, is the point in the Northern Hemisphere where the Earth's rotation, Earth's axis of rotation meets its surface. It is called the True North Pole to distingu ...
. A hut and a wooden post still remain.
Adjacent islands
*Alexander Islands (Острова Александра) is a group of small islands located right off the northwestern tip of Jackson Island, close to the shore. Sputnik Island is located at lat 81° 21' N; long 55° 35' E. This island group might have been named after Field Marshal
Alexander von Krobatin
Alexander Freiherr von Krobatin (12 September 1849 – 28 September 1933) was an Austrian field marshal and Imperial and Royal Minister of War for Austria-Hungary between 1912 and 1917 — for most of World War I.Pope, S. & Wheal, E.A.(1995): ' ...
(1849–1933), a supporter of the
Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition
The Austro-Hungarian North Pole expedition was an Arctic expedition to find the North-East Passage that ran from 1872 to 1874 under the leadership of Julius Payer and Karl Weyprecht. The expedition discovered and partially explored Franz Josef La ...
, who served as
Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire,, the Dual Monarchy, or Austria, was a constitutional monarchy and great power in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. It was formed with the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of ...
's Minister of War from 1912 to 1917. However the connection to the Austro-Hungarian expedition is dubious, as these islands were only discovered by Nansen in 1895. The maps of the Austro-Hungarian expedition make it clear that they could not see far into Back's Strait, leaving the Alexander Islands out of their view. It is also possible that Nansen named this island after his brother, , considering he named other islands for his wife, daughter, mother, and friend, respectively. These small islands should not be confused with
Alexandra Land
Alexandra Land (russian: Земля Александры, ''Zemlya Aleksandry'') is a large island located in Franz Josef Land, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russian Federation. Not counting detached and far-lying Victoria Island, it is the westernmost ...
located westwards in the same archipelago.
*Ommanney Island (Остров Оммани) is a small crescent-shaped island located off the northwestern tip of Jackson Island. This island was named after Arctic veteran Sir
Erasmus Ommanney
Sir Erasmus Ommanney (22 May 1814 – 21 December 1904) was a Royal Navy officer and an Arctic explorer of the Victorian era.
Early life
He was born in London in 1814, the seventh son in a family of eight sons and three daughters of Sir F ...
, who went in 1850 on the Austin and Ommaney Expedition, searching for
Sir John Franklin
Sir John Franklin (16 April 1786 – 11 June 1847) was a British Royal Navy officer and Arctic explorer. After serving in wars against Napoleonic France and the United States, he led two expeditions into the Canadian Arctic and through t ...
.
*
Harley Island (Остров Харли) is a long and narrow island. It lies off Jackson Island's western shores. Highest point . This island is named after Scottish physician
George Harley (1829–96).
Харли (Harley) Джордж (12.02.1829 - 27.10.1896)
/ref>
*Levanevsky Island (Остров Леваневского) is a small island just south of Harley Island's southern tip. This island was named in honor of Soviet pilot Sigismund Levanevsky, sometimes called the "Russian Lindbergh", who was lost in the Arctic in 1937-38 and whose remains have not been found.
*Kling Island (Остров Клинг) is a small island lying to the west of Jackson Island's southwestern tip. This island was named after Captain Alfred Kling who took part in the Wilhelm Filchner
Wilhelm Filchner (13 September 1877 – 7 May 1957) was a German army officer, scientist and explorer. He conducted several surveys and scientific investigations in China, Tibet and surrounding regions, and led the Second German Antarctic Expeditio ...
1911-1912 German expedition to the Antarctic.
*Nich Island (Остров Нич) is a small island located in the De Long Bay.
*Off Jackson Island's eastern shore lie two small islands called Magee Islands (Острова Макги). These were named after Billy Magee who accompanied Ernest Oberholtzer
Ernest Carl Oberholtzer (February 6, 1884 – June 6, 1977) was an American explorer, author, and conservationist.
Nicknamed "Ober", he was born and raised in Davenport, Iowa, but he lived most of his adult life in Minnesota. Oberholtzer atten ...
in his epic 1912 Arctic exploration trip.
* Querini Island (Остров Кверини) is an island located by the shore in the bay that lies on Jackson Island's southern coast. This island is named after Italian explorer Francesco Querini
Francesco, the Italian (and original) version of the personal name " Francis", is the most common given name among males in Italy. Notable persons with that name include:
People with the given name Francesco
* Francesco I (disambiguation), sev ...
who heroically lost his life in the Cegni polar expedition of 1909.
See also
* Alexander Island (disambiguation) Alexander Island is the largest island in Antarctica.
Alexander Island may also refer to:
*Alexander Island (Nunavut)
* Alexander Island (Collie River), an island in the Collie River, Western Australia
* Alexander Island (Fitzroy River), an island ...
* List of islands of Russia
A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to:
People
* List (surname)
Organizations
* List College, an undergraduate division of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America
* SC Germania List, German rugby unio ...
References
External links
*
* Map of Jackson Island (in Russian). Red arrow indicates the position of Cap Bystrova.
Arctic exploration
{{Franz Josef Land
Islands of Franz Josef Land
Uninhabited islands of Russia