Queen Jangryeol (장렬왕후 조씨; 16 December 1624 – 20 September 1688), of the Yangju Jo clan, was a posthumous name bestowed to the wife and second queen consort of
Yi Jong, King Injo, the 16th
Joseon
Joseon (; ; Middle Korean: 됴ᇢ〯션〮 Dyǒw syéon or 됴ᇢ〯션〯 Dyǒw syěon), officially the Great Joseon (; ), was the last dynastic kingdom of Korea, lasting just over 500 years. It was founded by Yi Seong-gye in July 1392 and re ...
monarch. She was queen consort of Joseon from 1638 until her husband's death in 1649, after which she was honoured as Queen Dowager Jaui (자의왕대비) during the reign of her step-son
Yi Ho, King Hyojong, and as Grand Queen Dowager Jaui (자의대왕대비) during the reign of her step-grandson
Yi Yeon, King Hyeonjong and her step-great-grandson
Yi Sun, King Sukjong.
Biography
The future queen was born on 16 December 1624 during the reign King Injo. Her father, Jo Chang-won, was member of the Yangju Jo clan. Her mother was member of the Jeonju Choi clan.
Three years after his first wife
Queen Inyeol
Queen or QUEEN may refer to:
Monarchy
* Queen regnant, a female monarch of a Kingdom
** List of queens regnant
* Queen consort, the wife of a reigning king
* Queen dowager, the widow of a king
* Queen mother, a queen dowager who is the mother ...
's death,
Injo selected the fourteen-year old daughter of Jo Chang-won as new queen consort in December 1638. The King was 44 years old, and his two sons,
Crown Prince Sohyeon
Crown Prince Sohyeon (소현세자, 昭顯世子, 5 February 1612 – 21 May 1645) was the first son of King Injo of Joseon Dynasty.
Sohyeon was a hostage in the Manchu court at Shenyang, by the terms of the peace treaty concluded after War ...
and
Grand Prince Bongrim, were 12 and 5 years her senior.
The Queen's relationship with Injo was not good due to the fact that she could not bear a son, and because the King's concubine,
Royal Consort Gwi-in of the Okcheon Jo clan, had succeeded in having Injo to hate her. Thus she left the main palace,
Changdeok Palace
Changdeokgung (Hangul: 창덕궁, Hanja: 昌德宮; literally, "The Palace of Prospering Virtue"), also known as Changdeokgung Palace or Changdeok Palace, is set within a large park in Jongno District, Seoul, South Korea. It is one of the "Five G ...
, in 1645 to live in Gyeongdeok Palace (now known as
Gyeonghui Palace).
After Injo's death, she was elevated to the rank of queen dowager and formally addressed as Queen Dowager Jaui. Disputes happened during the death of her stepson,
Hyojong
Hyojong of Joseon (3 July 1619 – 23 June 1659) was the seventeenth king of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea from 1649 to 1659. He is best known for his plan for an expedition to the Manchu Qing dynasty, and his campaigns against the Russian Empire a ...
, and his wife,
Queen Inseon
Queen Inseon (Hangul: 인선왕후 장씨, Hanja: 仁宣王后 張氏; 9 February 1619 – 19 March 1674), of the Deoksu Jang clan, was a posthumous name bestowed to the wife and queen consort of Yi Ho, King Hyojong. She was queen consort of Jos ...
, where the factions argued on the duration in which Jaui would have to wear the mourning attire called ''sangbok''. The incident was known as Yesong Dispute (예송논쟁): for
Hyojong
Hyojong of Joseon (3 July 1619 – 23 June 1659) was the seventeenth king of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea from 1649 to 1659. He is best known for his plan for an expedition to the Manchu Qing dynasty, and his campaigns against the Russian Empire a ...
's funeral, it became an issue to determine whether the dowager should be mourning for three years or one year, while for
Queen Dowager Hyosuk, either one year or nine months.
When
Hyeonjong became the king in 1659, Jaui officially became grand queen dowager. She led a solitary life until her death at the age of 64 on 20 December 1688 during
Sukjong's reign after living 50 years of her life as a woman of the royal palace.
Her tomb is located in Hwineung, Donggurneung, which is located within the city of Guri in Gyeonggi Province.
Family
Parent
* Father − Jo Chang-won (조창원, 趙昌遠) (1583 – 1646)
** 1) Grandfather − Jo Jon-seong (조존성, 趙存性) (1553/54 – 1668)
*** 2) Great-Grandfather − Jo Nam (조남, 趙擥)
** 1) Grandmother − Lady Yi of the Yongin Yi clan (증 정경부인 용인 이씨, 贈 貞敬夫人 龍仁 李氏)
* Uncle - Jo Gye-won (조계원, 趙啓遠)
** Aunt - Lady Shin of the
Pyeongsan Shin clan
The Pyeongsan Sin clan or Pyeongsan Shin clan () is one of the great aristocratic houses which originated from Korea. The clan was key in the foundation of the Goryeo dynasty and gained its power during this time. However, it became less promi ...
(평산 신씨, 平山 申氏)
*** Cousin - Jo Ga-seok (조가석, 趙嘉錫)
*** Cousin - Jo Sa-seok (조사석, 趙師錫) (1632 – 1693)
*** Cousin - Jo Hui-seok (조희석, 趙禧錫)
* Mother − Internal Princess Consort Wansan of the Jeonju Choi clan (완산부부인 전주 최씨, 完山府夫人 全州 崔氏) (1583 – 1663)
** 1) Grandfather − Choi Cheol-geon (최철견, 崔鐡堅)
** 1) Grandmother − Lady Jeong of the Jinyang Jeong clan (진양 정씨, 晉陽 鄭氏)
Sibling
* Older brother − Jo Yun-seok (조윤석, 趙胤錫) (1615 – 1664)
** ''Sister-in-law'' − Lady Kim of the Andong Kim clan; daughter of Kim Su-in (김수인, 金壽仁)
* Older sister − Lady Jo of the Yangju Jo clan (양주 조씨, 楊州 趙氏)
** ''Brother-in-law'' − Shin Ik-jeon (신익전, 申翊全)
*** Nephew − Shin Jeong (신정, 申晸)
*** Nephew − Shin Seom (신섬, 申暹)
*** Nephew − Shin Chang (신창)
*** Nephew − Shin Yeob (신엽, 申曅)
*** Nephew − Shin Ahng (신앙, 申昻)
*** Niece − Lady Shin of the
Pyeongsan Shin clan
The Pyeongsan Sin clan or Pyeongsan Shin clan () is one of the great aristocratic houses which originated from Korea. The clan was key in the foundation of the Goryeo dynasty and gained its power during this time. However, it became less promi ...
(평산 신씨)
**** ''Nephew-in-law'' − Yi Hye (이혜, 李嵆);
King Seonjo
Seonjo of Joseon (26 November 1552 – 16 March 1608) was the fourteenth king of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea from 1567 to 1608. He was known for encouraging Confucianism and renovating state affairs at the beginning of his reign. However, politi ...
's great-grandson
*** Niece − Princess Consort Yeongpung of the Pyeongsan Shin clan (영풍군부인 평산 신씨) (1639 – 1692)
**** ''Nephew-in-law'' − Yi Jing, Prince Seungseon (이징 숭선군, 李澂 崇善君) (1639 – 1690)
*** Niece − Lady Shin of the Pyeongsan Shin clan (평산 신씨)
* Older sister − Lady Jo of the Yangju Jo clan (양주 조씨, 楊州 趙氏)
** ''Brother-in-law'' − Yun Ji-bin (윤지빈, 尹之贇)
Consort
*
Yi Jong, King Injo (인조) (7 December 1595 – 17 June 1649) — No issue.
** Mother-in-law -
Queen Inheon
Queen Inheon of the Neungseong Gu clan (Hangul: 인헌왕후 구씨, Hanja: 仁獻王后 具氏; 23 May 1578 – 10 February 1626), also known as Lady Gyewoon (계운궁, 啓運宮), was the wife of Grand Internal Prince Jeongwon and the biologi ...
of the
Neungseong Gu clan
The Neungseong Gu clan () is one of the Korean clans. Their Bon-gwan is in Hwasun County, South Jeolla Province. According to the research held in 2015, the number of Neungseong Gu clan’s member was 174,161. Their founder was who exiled himsel ...
(17 April 1578 – 14 January 1626) (인헌왕후 구씨)
** Father-in-law -
Wonjong of Joseon (2 August 1580 – 29 December 1619) (조선 원종)
Issue
* Adoptive son −
Yi Wang, Crown Prince Sohyeon (소현세자 왕, 昭顯世子 汪) (5 February 1612 – 22 May 1645)
** ''Daughter-in-law'' −
Crown Princess Consort Minhoe of the Geumcheon Kang clan (민회빈 강씨, 愍懷嬪 姜氏) (8 April 1611 – 30 April 1646)
*** Unnamed adoptive granddaughter (군주, 郡主) (1629 – 1631)
*** Unnamed adoptive granddaughter (군주, 郡主) (1631 – 1640)
*** Grandson - Yi Seok-cheol, Prince Gyeongseon (경선군 석철, 慶善君 石鐵) (1636 – 1648)
*** Adoptive granddaughter - Princess Gyeongsuk (경숙군주, 慶淑郡主) (1637 – 1655)
*** Adoptive grandson - Yi Seok-rin, Prince Gyeongwan (경완군 석린, 慶完君 石磷) (1640 – 1648)
*** Adoptive granddaughter - Princess Gyeongnyeong (경녕군주, 慶寧郡主) (1642 – 1682)
*** Adoptive granddaughter - Yi Jeong-eun, Princess Gyeongsun (경순군주 정온, 慶順郡主 正溫) (1643 – 1654)
*** Adoptive granddaughter - Yi Seok-gyeon, Prince Gyeongan (경안군 석견, 慶安君 石堅) (5 October 1644 – 22 October 1665)
* Adoptive son −
King Hyojong (효종) (3 July 1619 – 23 June 1659)
** ''Daughter-in-law'' −
Queen Inseon
Queen Inseon (Hangul: 인선왕후 장씨, Hanja: 仁宣王后 張氏; 9 February 1619 – 19 March 1674), of the Deoksu Jang clan, was a posthumous name bestowed to the wife and queen consort of Yi Ho, King Hyojong. She was queen consort of Jos ...
of the
Deoksu Jang clan
The Deoksu Jang clan () is one of the bon-gwan or Korean clans from Kaepung County, North Hwanghae Province.The clan was founded by , an Arab- Uiguric Muslim civil servant who served in the Goryeo court.
According to the research held in 2015, th ...
(인선왕후 장씨) (9 February 1619 – 19 March 1674)
*** Adoptive granddaughter - Princess Sukshin (1635 – 1637) (숙신공주)
***Adoptive granddaughter - Yi Ae-suk (이애숙, 李愛淑),
Princess Uisun
Princess Uisun (1635–1662; birth name Yi Ae-suk) was a Joseon Royal Family member who became the adopted daughter of Hyojong of Joseon and Queen Inseon, so she could marry the Aisin Gioro prince Dorgon and later, prince Bolo.
Biography Backg ...
(1635 – 1662) (의순공주)
[She is the daughter of Yi Gye-yun, Prince Geumrim and Lady Yu of the Munhwa Yu clan]
*** Adoptive granddaughter - Princess Sukan (1636 – 22 December 1697) (숙안공주)
*** Unnamed adoptive grandson (? – 1642)
*** Adoptive granddaughter - Princess Sukmyeong (1640 – 17 March 1699) (숙명공주)
*** Adoptive grandson -
Yi Yeon, King Hyeonjong (14 March 1641 – 17 September 1674) (조선 현종)
*** Adoptive granddaughter - Princess Sukhwi (1642 – 27 October 1696) (숙휘공주)
*** Unnamed adoptive grandson (1645 – 1645)
*** Adoptive granddaughter - Princess Sukjeong (1646 – 13 June 1668) (숙정공주)
*** Adoptive granddaughter - Princess Sukgyeong (1648 – 9 January 1671) (숙경공주)
In popular culture
*Portrayed by
Kang Soo-yeon
Kang Soo-yeon (; August 18, 1966 – May 7, 2022) was a South Korean actress. An internationally acclaimed star from the mid-1980s to the end of the 1990s, she is often honorifically nicknamed as Korea's "first world star".
Kang began her ac ...
and Jo Eun-duk in the 1981
KBS1
The Korean Broadcasting System (KBS) () is the national broadcaster of South Korea. Founded in February 1927, it is one of the leading South Korean television and radio broadcasters.
KBS operates seven radio networks, ten television channels, a ...
TV Series ''
Daemyeong
''Daemyeong'' () is a 1981 South Korean television series starring Kim Dong-hoon, Kim Heung-ki, Seo Young-jin, Won Mi-kyung, Kim Sung-won and Baek Il-sub. It aired on KBS1 from January 5, 1981 until December 28, 1981 every Mondays for 52 episodes ...
''.
* Portrayed by
Jung Hye-sun
Jung Hye-sun (born Jung Young-ja; February 21, 1942) is a South Korean actress. Jung made her entertainment debut as a voice actress with the KBS Daejeon
Daejeon () is South Korea's fifth-largest metropolis, with a population of 1.5 m ...
in 1988
MBC TV series ''Queen Inhyeon.''
* Portrayed by
Kim Yeong-ae in 1995
SBS TV series ''Jang Hui-bin.''
* Portrayed by Kang Bu-ja in the 2002
KBS2
The Korean Broadcasting System (KBS) () is the national broadcaster of South Korea. Founded in February 1927, it is one of the leading South Korean television and radio broadcasters.
KBS operates seven radio networks, ten television channels, a ...
TV series ''Jang Hee-bin''.
* Portrayed by
Go Won-hee
Go Won-hee (born Kim Won-hee on September 12, 1994) is a South Korean actress. Go began her entertainment career as a commercial model in 2011, and became the youngest ever model for Asiana Airlines in 2012. She then began acting, and has since ...
in the 2013
JTBC
JTBC (shortened from ''Joongang Tongyang Broadcasting Company'' (; stylized as jtbc) is a South Korean nationwide pay television network. Its primary shareholder is JoongAng Holdings, with a 25% stake. It was launched on 1 December 2011. JTBC ...
TV series ''
Blooded Palace: The War of Flowers''.
* Portrayed by Lee Hyo-chun in the 2013
SBS TV series ''
Jang Ok-jung, Living by Love
''Jang Ok-jung, Living by Love'' () is a 2013 South Korean historical television series, starring Kim Tae-hee, Yoo Ah-in, Hong Soo-hyun and Jae Hee. Based on the 2008 novel by Choi Jung-mi, it is a reinterpretation of Jang Hui-bin's life, as a wom ...
''.
* Portrayed by
Chae Bin
Chae Bin (born Kim Chae-bin on August 22, 1997) is a South Korean actress. Known as the second Moon Geun-young due to her maturity and consistent acting, Chae first drew viewer's attention for her performance in the television series ''Kim Su-ro ...
in the 2015
MBC TV series ''
Splendid Politics
''Splendid Politics'' () is a 2015 South Korean television series starring Cha Seung-won, Lee Yeon-hee, Kim Jaewon, Seo Kang-joon, Han Joo-wan and Jo Sung-ha. It aired on MBC from April 13 to September 29, 2015 on Mondays and Tuesdays at 22:00 ...
''.
References
*
Notes
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jangnyeol, Queen
17th-century Korean people
1624 births
1688 deaths
Royal consorts of the Joseon dynasty
Korean queens consort