Qu Tongfeng, (; ; 1873–1929) was a general who served

Yuan Shikai Yuan Shikai (; 16 September 1859 – 6 June 1916) was a Chinese military and government official who rose to power during the late Qing dynasty and eventually ended the Qing dynasty rule of China in 1912, later becoming the Emperor of China. H ...

and the

Anhui clique The Anhui clique () was a military and political organization, one of several mutually hostile cliques or factions that split from the Beiyang clique in the Republic of China's Warlord Era. It was named after Anhui province because several of its ...

. Qu Tongfeng was born in Fushan County, now in

Yantai Yantai, Postal Map Romanization, formerly romanization of Chinese, known as Chefoo, is a coastal prefecture-level city on the Shandong Peninsula in northeastern Shandong province of People's Republic of China. Lying on the southern coast of ...

Fushan District Fushan () is a district of the city of Yantai, Shandong province, near the shore of the Bohai Gulf. To the east is Zhifu District and Laishan District, to the southeast is Muping District, to the southwest Qixia City, to the northwest is Penglai ...

Shandong Shandong ( , ; ; alternately romanized as Shantung) is a coastal province of the People's Republic of China and is part of the East China region. Shandong has played a major role in Chinese history since the beginning of Chinese civilizati ...

. At age 16 he joined the

Beiyang Fleet The Beiyang Fleet (Pei-yang Fleet; , alternatively Northern Seas Fleet) was one of the four modernized Chinese navies in the late Qing dynasty. Among the four, the Beiyang Fleet was particularly sponsored by Li Hongzhang, one of the most trust ...

and served as second-class engineer on the '' Dingyuan'' during the First Sino–Japanese War. When the ship was sunk in the Battle of the Yalu River he escaped into the sea and was rescued. He went on to get a higher education and was sent to the

Imperial Japanese Army Academy The was the principal officer's training school for the Imperial Japanese Army. The programme consisted of a junior course for graduates of local army cadet schools and for those who had completed four years of middle school, and a senior course f ...

in 1903, graduating in 1904. Upon his return he was given an infantry unit command. In 1907 he was given posts in the

Beiyang Army The Beiyang Army (), named after the Beiyang region,Hong Zhang (2019)"Yuan Shikai and the Significance of his Troop Training at Xiaozhan, Tianjin, 1895–1899" ''The Chinese Historical Review'' 26(1) was a large, Western-style Imperial Chinese Ar ...

in charge of drill, discipline and inspection. In 1910 he was promoted to command of a unit in

Yunnan Yunnan , () is a landlocked Provinces of China, province in Southwest China, the southwest of the People's Republic of China. The province spans approximately and has a population of 48.3 million (as of 2018). The capital of the province is ...

. Following the 1911

Wuchang Uprising The Wuchang Uprising was an armed rebellion against the ruling Qing dynasty that took place in Wuchang (now Wuchang District of Wuhan), Hubei, China on 10 October 1911, beginning the Xinhai Revolution that successfully overthrew China's last i ...

Qu rose in revolt, becoming commander of the 2nd Division. In 1912 he was promoted to Major General. He was President of the

Baoding Military Academy Baoding Military Academy or Paoting Military Academy () was a military academy based in Baoding, during the late Qing dynasty and early Republic of China, in the first two decades of the 20th century. For a time, it was the most important military ...

from 1913 to 1915. He was removed after opposing Yuan Shikai's capitulation to the

Twenty-One Demands The Twenty-One Demands ( ja, 対華21ヶ条要求, Taika Nijūikkajō Yōkyū; ) was a set of demands made during the First World War by the Empire of Japan under Prime Minister Ōkuma Shigenobu to the government of the Republic of China on 18 ...

. Following the death of Yuan Shikai, Qu was given military commands again by the Anhui clique. In 1920 he was the Anhui army front-line commander-in-chief in the Zhili–Anhui War.

Wu Peifu Wu Peifu or Wu P'ei-fu (; April 22, 1874 – December 4, 1939) was a major figure in the struggles between the warlords who dominated Republican China from 1916 to 1927. Early career Born in Shandong Province in eastern China, Wu initi ...

led the

Zhili clique The Zhili clique () was one of several mutually hostile cliques or factions that split from the Beiyang clique during the Republic of China's Warlord Era. This fragmentation followed the death of Yuan Shikai, who was the only person capable of k ...

army in a daring maneuver to capture the Anhui army headquarters after first outflanking the enemy, capturing Qu and many of his fellow officers. He was released from captivity in 1922. Qu Tongfeng was shot in

Tianjin Tianjin (; ; Mandarin: ), alternately romanized as Tientsin (), is a municipality and a coastal metropolis in Northern China on the shore of the Bohai Sea. It is one of the nine national central cities in Mainland China, with a total popul ...

in 1929.

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保定士官学校第三任校长--曲同丰
1873 births 1929 deaths Politicians from Yantai Qing dynasty military personnel Republic of China warlords from Shandong Members of the Anhui clique {{China-mil-bio-stub