Papyrus 4 (, part of ''Suppl. Gr.'' 1120) is an early
New Testament papyrus of the
Gospel of Luke
The Gospel of Luke), or simply Luke (which is also its most common form of abbreviation). tells of the origins, Nativity of Jesus, birth, Ministry of Jesus, ministry, Crucifixion of Jesus, death, Resurrection of Jesus, resurrection, and Ascensi ...
in
Greek
Greek may refer to:
Greece
Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe:
*Greeks, an ethnic group.
*Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family.
**Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...
. Opinions differ as to its age. It has been dated anywhere from the late second century to the fourth century.
Description
It is one of the earliest manuscripts (along with )
[Gregory (2003) p.28] of the
Gospel of Luke
The Gospel of Luke), or simply Luke (which is also its most common form of abbreviation). tells of the origins, Nativity of Jesus, birth, Ministry of Jesus, ministry, Crucifixion of Jesus, death, Resurrection of Jesus, resurrection, and Ascensi ...
and contains extensive sections of its first six chapters.
[Wieland] It is currently housed in the
Bibliothèque nationale de France
The Bibliothèque nationale de France (, 'National Library of France'; BnF) is the national library of France, located in Paris on two main sites known respectively as ''Richelieu'' and ''François-Mitterrand''. It is the national repository ...
(Suppl. Gr. 1120) in Paris.
It contains texts of Luke: 1:58-59; 1:62-2:1; 2:6-7; 3:8-4:2; 4:29-32, 34-35; 5:3-8; 5:30-6:16
The Greek text-type of this codex is a representative of the
Alexandrian.
Aland placed it in
Category I.
There is agreement with in 93%.
[Philip W. Comfort, David P. Barrett, ''The Text of the Earliest New Testament Greek Manuscripts'', Tyndale House Publishers, Wheaton 1999, s. 43.]
; Notable readings
In Luke 6:2 — οὐκ ἔξεστιν (''not lawful'') for οὐκ ἔξεστιν ποιεῖν (''not lawful to do''); the reading is supported only by
Codex Vaticanus Graecus 1209
The Codex Vaticanus ( The Vatican, Bibl. Vat., Vat. gr. 1209), designated by siglum B or 03 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), δ 1 ( von Soden), is a fourth-century Christian manuscript of a Greek Bible, containing the majority of the Greek Old ...
, (
Codex Bezae
The Codex Bezae Cantabrigiensis, designated by siglum D or 05 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts), δ 5 (in the von Soden of New Testament manuscript), is a codex of the New Testament dating from the 5th century writ ...
),
Codex Nitriensis
Codex Nitriensis, designated by R or 027 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 22 ( von Soden), is a 6th-century Greek New Testament codex containing the Gospel of Luke, in a fragmentary condition. It is a two column manuscript in majuscules (capi ...
,
700
The denomination 700 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
Events
By place Byzantine Empire
* Avar and Slavic tribes conq ...
, lat, cop
sa, cop
bo, arm, geo;
Some early accounts stated that was used as stuffing for the binding of a codex of Philo, written in the late third century and found walled up in a house at Coptos. Apparently this account was incorrect, however, as the fragments were actually found stashed between pages of the codex of Philo, not in the binding.
Philip Comfort and
David Barret in their book ''Text of the Earliest NT Greek Manuscripts'' argue that came from the same codex as , the
Magdalen papyrus
The "Magdalen" papyrus was purchased in Luxor, Egypt in 1901 by Reverend Charles Bousfield Huleatt (1863–1908), who identified the Greek fragments as portions of the ''Gospel of Matthew'' (Chapter 26:23 and 31) and presented them to Magdalen Col ...
, and date the texts to 150-175. Willker tentatively agrees stating 'The
rd centurydating given is that of
NA. Some date it into the 2nd CE (e.g. Roberts and Comfort). This is quite probable considering the use as binding material for a 3rd CE codex'.
Comfort and Barret also show that and have affinities with a number of late 2nd century papyri. Roberts (1979), Skeat (1997),
[Gregory (2003), p.30] Willker
and Stanton also date the text to the late 2nd century, leading Gregory to conclude that '
ere is good reason to believe that ... may have been written late in the 2nd century...'.
Frederic Kenyon dated to the fourth century. In 2018,
Brent Nongbri
Brent may refer to:
*Brent (name), an English given and surname
Place name
;In the United States
*Brent, Alabama
*Brent, Florida
* Brent, Georgia
* Brent, Missouri, a ghost town
* Brent, Oklahoma
;In the United Kingdom
* Brent, Cornwall
*Br ...
argued that it was not possible with current knowledge to date to a specific century, and that any dates from the 2nd to 4th centuries were equally reasonable. Charlesworth has concluded 'that and , though written by the same scribe, are not from the same ... codex.'
[Charlesworth (2007), p.604]
See also
*
List of New Testament papyri
A New Testament papyrus is a copy of a portion of the New Testament made on papyrus. To date, over 140 such papyri are known. In general, they are considered the earliest witnesses to the original text of the New Testament.
This elite status amo ...
*
Luke 1
Luke 1 is the first chapter of the Gospel of Luke in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. With 80 verses, it is one of the longest chapters in the New Testament. This chapter describes the birth of John the Baptist and the events leading u ...
–
6
Notes
References
* Charlesworth, SD (2007) ''T. C. Skeat, P64+67 and P4, and the Problem of Fibre Orientation in Codicological Reconstruction'', New Test. Stud. Vol.53, pp. 582–604,
* Comfort, Philip W.
New Reconstructions and Identifications of New Testament Papyri,"''Novum Testamentum'', Vol. 41, Fasc. 3., (Jul., 1999) pp. 214–230.
*
* Gregory, A. ''The Reception of Luke and Acts in the Period Before Irenaeus'', Mohr Siebeck, (2003) , p. 28
*
C. R. Gregory
C. or c. may refer to:
* Century, sometimes abbreviated as ''c.'' or ''C.'', a period of 100 years
* Cent (currency), abbreviated ''c.'' or ''¢'', a monetary unit that equals of the basic unit of many currencies
* Caius or Gaius, abbreviated as ...
''Die griechischen Handschriften des Neuen Testament'' Hinrichs, p. 45.
* Head, P. M. (2005), ''Is P4, P64 and P67 the Oldest Manuscript of the Four Gospels? A Response to T. C. Skeat'', New Test. Stud. 51, pp. 450–457,
* Roberts, Colin. ''Manuscript, Society, and Belief in Early Christian Egypt'' Longwood (June 1979) pp. 8+23
* Skeat, T. C. (1997), ''The Oldest Manuscript of the Four Gospels?'', New Test. Stud. 43, p. 1-34
* Stanton, G. N. (1997), ''The Fourfold Gospel'', New Test. Stud. 43, p. 327
External links
* Willker, Wieland.
A Textual Commentary on the Greek Gospels', (undated+unfinished)
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Papyrus 0004
New Testament papyri
3rd-century biblical manuscripts
Bibliothèque nationale de France collections
Early Greek manuscripts of the New Testament
Gospel of Luke papyri
Gospel of Matthew papyri