![Putaendo desde arriba-4-a](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Putaendo_desde_arriba-4-a.jpg)
Putaendo is a
city
A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be def ...
and
commune
A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to:
Administrative-territorial entities
* Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township
** Communes of ...
in the
San Felipe de Aconcagua Province
San Felipe de Aconcagua Province ( es, Provincia de San Felipe de Aconcagua) is one of eight provinces of the central Chilean region of Valparaíso (V). Its capital is the city of San Felipe (pop. 64,126).
Administration
As a province, San Feli ...
of central
Chile
Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western part of South America. It is the southernmost country in the world, and the closest to Antarctica, occupying a long and narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east a ...
's
Valparaíso Region
The Valparaíso Region ( es, Región de Valparaíso, links=no, ) is one of Chile's 16 first order administrative divisions.Valparaíso Region, 2006 With the country's second-highest population of 1,790,219 , and fourth-smallest area of , ...
.
History
Before the arrival of the Spanish conquistadors, Putaendo was a very old town of hunters and gatherers. The Spanish were attracted to gold mines discovered in the outskirts of town in the mid 18th century. Little by little, they formed a population center and constructed the Church of San Antonio. On 20 March 1831, the Assembly of Aconcagua granted the town a title. ''San Antonio de la Unión de Putaendo'' was the first town to become a patriotic force in 1817.
In 1485, during the conquest of the Inca
Túpac Yupanqui, his son
Huayna Cápac
Huayna Capac (with many alternative transliterations; 1464/1468–1524) was the third Sapa Inca, Sapan Inka of the Inca Empire, born in Tomebamba, Tumipampa sixth of the Hanan dynasty, and eleventh of the Inca civilization. Subjects commonly appro ...
crossed the Andean mountains and descended through this valley, camping in Putaendo and incorporating the Aconcagua valley into the Incan civilization. The advancing expedition of
Diego de Almagro
Diego de Almagro (; – July 8, 1538), also known as El Adelantado and El Viejo, was a Spanish conquistador known for his exploits in western South America. He participated with Francisco Pizarro in the Spanish conquest of Peru. While sub ...
was stopped here in 1536. The
Inca road system
The Inca road system (also spelled Inka road system and known as ''Qhapaq Ñan''Qhapaq=rich, powerful, opulent, wealthy, privileged; ñan=road, way, path, route. Source "Diccionario quechua - español - quechua" Gobierno Regional Cusco - Cusco ...
(''Camino del inca'') passed through this valley. This was the fastest route between the tribes of the valleys of
La Ligua
La Ligua () is a Chilean city and commune, capital of the Petorca Province in Valparaíso Region.
The city is known for its textile manufacturing and traditional Chilean pastry production.
Demographics
According to data from the 2002 Census o ...
, Aconcagua and Mapocho.
The outline of the city extends longitudinally from north to south, and its historic center has been called "Typical Zone" (''Zona Típica''). Toward the south, there is a commercial area, structured in the form of
Calle Larga, with adobe facades from the 18th and 19th centuries. In the extreme north, there is a plaza with large trees, and on either side of town, public buildings can be found.
Geography
![Chile, Rinconada de Silva, Cactáceas (44644921035)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/Chile%2C_Rinconada_de_Silva%2C_Cact%C3%A1ceas_%2844644921035%29.jpg)
The Putaendo river valley is located in the northern
Zona Central and is a part of the Aconcagua river watershed located in the transitional zone, with respect to geomorphology (transitioning from the ''
Norte Chico'' to the longitudinal
Chilean Central Valley
The Central Valley ( es, Valle Central), Intermediate Depression, or Longitudinal Valley is the depression between the Chilean Coastal Range and the Andes Mountains. The Chilean Central Valley extends from the border with Peru to Puerto Montt in ...
) and climatology (from semiarid to a temperate Mediterranean). Putaendo spans an area of .
Demographics
![Rinconada de Silva (23114537630)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Rinconada_de_Silva_%2823114537630%29.jpg)
According to the 2002
census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring, recording and calculating information about the members of a given population. This term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common censuses incl ...
of the
National Statistics Institute National Institute of Statistics may refer to:
*National Institute of Statistics of Bolivia
*National Institute of Statistics of Cambodia
*National Institute of Statistics and Census of Costa Rica
*National Institute of Statistics and Census of Nica ...
, Putaendo spans an area of and has 14,649 inhabitants (7,344 men and 7,305 women). Of these, 7,214 (49.2%) lived in
urban area
An urban area, built-up area or urban agglomeration is a human settlement with a high population density and infrastructure of built environment. Urban areas are created through urbanization and are categorized by urban morphology as cities, t ...
s and 7,435 (50.8%) in
rural area
In general, a rural area or a countryside is a geographic area that is located outside towns and cities. Typical rural areas have a low population density and small settlements. Agricultural areas and areas with forestry typically are descri ...
s. The population grew by 14.4% (1,843 persons) between the 1992 and 2002 censuses.
Economy
In 2018, the number of companies registered in
Internal Revenue Service of Chile for Putaendo was 304.
The Economic Complexity Index (ECI) in the same year was -0.32, while the economic activity with the highest comparative advantage index revealed (RCA) were the cultivation of aromatic or medicinal plants (169.37).
Administration
As a commune, Putaendo is a third-level
administrative division of Chile
The administrative division or territorial organization of Chile exemplifies characteristics of a unitary state. State administration is functionally and geographically decentralized, as appropriate for each authority in accordance with the law.
...
, administered by a
municipal council
A municipal council is the legislative body of a municipality or local government area. Depending on the location and classification of the municipality it may be known as a city council, town council, town board, community council, rural counci ...
, which is headed by a directly elected
alcalde
Alcalde (; ) is the traditional Spanish municipal magistrate, who had both judicial and administrative functions. An ''alcalde'' was, in the absence of a corregidor, the presiding officer of the Castilian '' cabildo'' (the municipal council) a ...
. The current alcalde is Guillermo Reyes. The council has the following members:
* Silvia Arancibia Abarca
* Laya Nara Negrete
* Julio Aravena
* Enzo Gazzolo
* Manuel Olivares Leiva
* Sergio Zamora
Within the
electoral divisions of Chile
Chile has two distinct electoral division systems:
* To elect members of the Chamber of Deputies and of the Senate, Chile is divided into several electoral divisions, namely electoral districts and senatorial constituencies.
* To elect members of ...
, Putaendo is represented in the
Chamber of Deputies
The chamber of deputies is the lower house in many bicameral legislatures and the sole house in some unicameral legislatures.
Description
Historically, French Chamber of Deputies was the lower house of the French Parliament during the Bourbon R ...
by Marco Antonio Núñez (
PDC) and Gaspar Rivas (
RN) as part of the 11th electoral district, together with
Los Andes,
San Esteban,
Calle Larga,
Rinconada
Rinconada () is a city and commune in the Los Andes Province of central Chile's Valparaíso Region. It was created on 18 January 1897 by Federico Errázuriz Echaurren.
Since the shrine to house the remains of Saint Teresa of Los Andes was bu ...
,
San Felipe,
Santa María,
Panquehue,
Llaillay
Llay-Llay is a town and commune in the San Felipe de Aconcagua Province of central Chile's Valparaíso Region.
History
The commune was established on 6 April 1875 during the government of President Federico Errázuriz Zañartu, A railway station ...
and
Catemu
Catemu is a city and commune in the San Felipe de Aconcagua Province of central Chile's Valparaíso Region.
Geography
Catemu spans an area of .
Demographics
According to data from the 2002 Census of Population and Housing, the Catemu commune h ...
. The commune is represented in the
Senate
A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...
by
Ignacio Walker Prieto (
PDC) and
Lily Pérez San Martín (
RN) as part of the 5th senatorial constituency (Valparaíso-Cordillera).
References
External links
Municipality of Putaendo
{{Authority control
Populated places in San Felipe de Aconcagua Province
Communes of Chile
1831 establishments in Chile