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Protected areas of Turkmenistan include nine nature reserves (''
zapovednik Zapovednik (russian: заповедник, plural , from the Russian , 'sacred, prohibited from disturbance, committed o protect committed o heritage; ) is an established term on the territory of the former Soviet Union for a protected area whi ...
'') and 13
sanctuaries A sanctuary, in its original meaning, is a sacred space, sacred place, such as a shrine. By the use of such places as a haven, by extension the term has come to be used for any place of safety. This secondary use can be categorized into human sa ...
('' zakaznik'') with a total area of 19,750 km2 or more than 4% of
Turkmenistan Turkmenistan ( or ; tk, Türkmenistan / Түркменистан, ) is a country located in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north, east and northeast, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the sout ...
's territory.


Nature reserves

*
Repetek Nature Reserve Repetek Biosphere State Reserve, often referred to as Repetek Nature or Desert Reserve, ( tk, Repetek goraghanasy, ''Репетек горагханасы'') is a desert nature reserve (''zapovednik'') of Turkmenistan, located in Lebap Province, E ...
, in Lebap Province, East
Karakum Desert The Karakum Desert, also spelled Kara-Kum and Gara-Gum ( tk, Garagum, ; rus, Караку́мы, Karakumy, kərɐˈkumɨ), is a desert in Central Asia. Its name in Turkic languages means "black sand": "" means sand; "" is a contraction of : "d ...
, near
Amu Darya The Amu Darya, tk, Amyderýa/ uz, Amudaryo// tg, Амударё, Amudaryo ps, , tr, Ceyhun / Amu Derya grc, Ὦξος, Ôxos (also called the Amu, Amo River and historically known by its Latin language, Latin name or Greek ) is a major rive ...
. Created in 1927 for study and preservation of a sand-desert ecosystem. Area 346 km2. *
Hazar Nature Reserve Hazar Nature Reserve is a nature reserve (''zapovednik'') of Turkmenistan. It is located on the south-east coast of the Caspian Sea, in Balkan Province and covers an area of 2,690 km2. Ogurjaly Sanctuary Ogurjaly Sanctuary is a sanctuary (' ...
, on the south-east coast of the
Caspian Sea The Caspian Sea is the world's largest inland body of water, often described as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea. An endorheic basin, it lies between Europe and Asia; east of the Caucasus, west of the broad steppe of Central Asia ...
, in
Balkan Province Balkan Region ( tk, Balkan welaýaty, Балкан велаяты) is the westernmost of the five regions of Turkmenistan. Clockwise from north it borders Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan (north); two provinces of Turkmenistan (east), Iran (south), and ...
. Area 2,690 km2. *
Bathyz Nature Reserve The Badhyz State Nature Reserve is a protected area (zapovednik) in south-western Turkmenistan that was established in 1941 and extends over in the Mary and Akhal Provinces. It is located south of the Karakum Desert, and the Tejen River forms i ...
, in Mary Province, between Kushka and
Tejen Tejen (older spellings: Tedzhen, Tejend, Tejent) is an oasis city with district status in the Karakum Desert, in Ahal Province of Turkmenistan. It lies along the M37 highway, between Dushak and Mary, by road southeast of Ashgabat. It has a po ...
rivers. Created in 1941 for the protection of the Badkhyz Plateau ecosystem. Area 877 km2. *
Köpetdag Nature Reserve Köpetdag Nature Reserve is a nature reserve (''zapovednik'') of Turkmenistan. Established in 1976 for the protection of indigenous flora and fauna ( juniper, wild fruit trees, reptiles, birds, and mammals) it is located in the central part of th ...
, in the central part of the Kopetdag Range (
Ahal Province Ahal Region ( tk, Ahal welaýaty; from fa, آخال, Axāl) is one of five provinces of Turkmenistan. It is in the south-center of the country, bordering Iran and Afghanistan along the Kopet Dag Range. Its area is and population 939,700 (2005 ...
). Created in 1976 for the protection of indigenous flora and fauna. Area 497 km2. *
Sünt-Hasardag Nature Reserve Sünt-Hasardag Nature Reserve is a nature reserve (''zapovednik'') of Turkmenistan. Established in 1977 for the protection of indigenous flora and fauna, it is located in south-western part of the Kopetdag Range in Balkan Province Balkan R ...
, in South-West Kopetdag (
Balkan Province Balkan Region ( tk, Balkan welaýaty, Балкан велаяты) is the westernmost of the five regions of Turkmenistan. Clockwise from north it borders Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan (north); two provinces of Turkmenistan (east), Iran (south), and ...
). Created in 1977 for the restoration and study of indigenous flora and fauna. Area 303 km2. *
Gaplaňgyr Nature Reserve Gaplaňgyr or Kaplankyr is a mountain plateau and nature reserve (''zapovednik'') of northern Turkmenistan. It was established in 1979. It is a place for the protection and restoration of indigenous flora and fauna, it is located on the Gaplaňgy ...
, at the border with Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan in the north-west (
Daşoguz Province Daşoguz (also Dashoguz, Dasoguz; roughly "stone spring" in Turkmen), formerly known as Tashauz (until 1992; russian: Ташау́з) and Dashkhovuz (1992–1999; russian: Дашхову́з), is a city in northern Turkmenistan and the capital o ...
). Created in 1979 for the protection and restoration of indigenous flora and fauna of the Kaplkankyr Plateau and surrounding areas of Northern Turkmenistan. Area 2,822 km2. *
Amyderýa Nature Reserve Amyderýa Nature Reserve is a nature reserve (''zapovednik'') of north-eastern Turkmenistan. Established in 1982 to protect part of the Amu Darya River, it is located in the north-east of Lebap Province Lebap Region ( tk, Lebap welaýaty/Л ...
, in the north-east of Lebap Province on the
Amu Darya The Amu Darya, tk, Amyderýa/ uz, Amudaryo// tg, Амударё, Amudaryo ps, , tr, Ceyhun / Amu Derya grc, Ὦξος, Ôxos (also called the Amu, Amo River and historically known by its Latin language, Latin name or Greek ) is a major rive ...
. Created in 1982 with an area of 495 km2. *
Köýtendag Nature Reserve Köýtendag Nature Reserve, formerly Kugitang Nature Reserve, is a nature reserve (''zapovednik'') in the extreme east of Turkmenistan. Geography Established in 1986, it is located in the Köýtendag Range of Lebap Province Lebap Region ...
(formerly Kugitang Nature Reserve), at the extreme east of the country, in the
Köýtendag Range Köýtendag Range (also Koytendag Range or Kugitangtau Range, tk, Köýtendag) is a spur of the Pamir-Alay mountains in the south-east of Turkmenistan, extending along the border with Uzbekistan's Surxondaryo Region Surxondaryo Region ( uz, Su ...
( Lebap Province). Created in 1986 with an area of 271.4 km2. * Bereketli Garagum Nature Reserve, created in 2013.


Sanctuaries

*Chemenibit (
Çemenebit Sanctuary Çemenebit Sanctuary is a Protected areas of Turkmenistan, sanctuary (''zakaznik'') of Turkmenistan. It is part of Bathyz Nature Reserve. It was established as a watering place for Asiatic wild ass subspecies, the Turkmenian kulans (''Equus hemio ...
) (within
Bathyz Nature Reserve The Badhyz State Nature Reserve is a protected area (zapovednik) in south-western Turkmenistan that was established in 1941 and extends over in the Mary and Akhal Provinces. It is located south of the Karakum Desert, and the Tejen River forms i ...
) *Kyzyldzhar (
Gyzyljar Sanctuary Gyzyljar Sanctuary is a sanctuary (''zakaznik'') of Turkmenistan Turkmenistan ( or ; tk, Türkmenistan / Түркменистан, ) is a country located in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north, ...
) (
Bathyz Nature Reserve The Badhyz State Nature Reserve is a protected area (zapovednik) in south-western Turkmenistan that was established in 1941 and extends over in the Mary and Akhal Provinces. It is located south of the Karakum Desert, and the Tejen River forms i ...
) *Pulkhatyn (
Pulhatyn Sanctuary Pulhatyn Sanctuary is a sanctuary (''zakaznik'') of Turkmenistan. It is part of Bathyz Nature Reserve The Badhyz State Nature Reserve is a protected area (zapovednik) in south-western Turkmenistan that was established in 1941 and extends ove ...
) (
Bathyz Nature Reserve The Badhyz State Nature Reserve is a protected area (zapovednik) in south-western Turkmenistan that was established in 1941 and extends over in the Mary and Akhal Provinces. It is located south of the Karakum Desert, and the Tejen River forms i ...
) *Meana-Chaаcha (
Mäne-Çäçe Sanctuary Mäne-Çäçe Sanctuary is a sanctuary (''zakaznik'') of Turkmenistan. It is part of Köpetdag Nature Reserve. Its purpose of creation is studying, preservation of all natural complex of the Central Köpetdag, maintenance of necessary conditions ...
) (
Köpetdag Nature Reserve Köpetdag Nature Reserve is a nature reserve (''zapovednik'') of Turkmenistan. Established in 1976 for the protection of indigenous flora and fauna ( juniper, wild fruit trees, reptiles, birds, and mammals) it is located in the central part of th ...
) *Kurykhovdan (
Guryhowdan Sanctuary Guryhowdan Sanctuary is a sanctuary (''zakaznik'') of Turkmenistan. It is part of Köpetdag Nature Reserve Köpetdag Nature Reserve is a nature reserve (''zapovednik'') of Turkmenistan. Established in 1976 for the protection of indigenous flor ...
) (
Köpetdag Nature Reserve Köpetdag Nature Reserve is a nature reserve (''zapovednik'') of Turkmenistan. Established in 1976 for the protection of indigenous flora and fauna ( juniper, wild fruit trees, reptiles, birds, and mammals) it is located in the central part of th ...
) *Syunt-Khasardag ( Sünt-Hasardag Sanctuary) (
Sünt-Hasardag Nature Reserve Sünt-Hasardag Nature Reserve is a nature reserve (''zapovednik'') of Turkmenistan. Established in 1977 for the protection of indigenous flora and fauna, it is located in south-western part of the Kopetdag Range in Balkan Province Balkan R ...
) *Sarykamysh (
Sarygamyş Sanctuary Sarygamyş Sanctuary is a sanctuary (''zakaznik'') of Turkmenistan. It is part of Gaplaňgyr Nature Reserve Gaplaňgyr or Kaplankyr is a mountain plateau and nature reserve (''zapovednik'') of northern Turkmenistan. It was established in 1979. ...
) (on Sarygamyş Lake, in
Gaplaňgyr Nature Reserve Gaplaňgyr or Kaplankyr is a mountain plateau and nature reserve (''zapovednik'') of northern Turkmenistan. It was established in 1979. It is a place for the protection and restoration of indigenous flora and fauna, it is located on the Gaplaňgy ...
) *Shasenem (
Şasenem Sanctuary Şasenem Sanctuary is a sanctuary (''zakaznik'') of Turkmenistan. It is part of Gaplaňgyr Nature Reserve. It was established for the breeding and settling of kulans, ''Equus hemionus kulan'', a subspecies of onager The onager (; ''Equus hem ...
) (near Sarygamyş Lake, in
Gaplaňgyr Nature Reserve Gaplaňgyr or Kaplankyr is a mountain plateau and nature reserve (''zapovednik'') of northern Turkmenistan. It was established in 1979. It is a place for the protection and restoration of indigenous flora and fauna, it is located on the Gaplaňgy ...
) * Kelif Sanctuary (south-east
Lebap Lebap Region ( tk, Lebap welaýaty/Лебап велаяты from the Persian ''Lab-e āb'') is one of the regions of Turkmenistan. It is in the northeast of the country, bordering Afghanistan, Uzbekistan along the Amu Darya. Its capital is T ...
, within the
Amyderýa Nature Reserve Amyderýa Nature Reserve is a nature reserve (''zapovednik'') of north-eastern Turkmenistan. Established in 1982 to protect part of the Amu Darya River, it is located in the north-east of Lebap Province Lebap Region ( tk, Lebap welaýaty/Л ...
) *Khodzhabuzhybelent (
Hojaburjybelent Sanctuary Hojaburjybelent Sanctuary is a sanctuary (''zakaznik'') of Turkmenistan. It is part of Köýtendag Nature Reserve Köýtendag Nature Reserve, formerly Kugitang Nature Reserve, is a nature reserve (''zapovednik'') in the extreme east of Turkmeni ...
) (
Köýtendag Nature Reserve Köýtendag Nature Reserve, formerly Kugitang Nature Reserve, is a nature reserve (''zapovednik'') in the extreme east of Turkmenistan. Geography Established in 1986, it is located in the Köýtendag Range of Lebap Province Lebap Region ...
) *Khodzhapil (
Hojapil Sanctuary Hojapil Sanctuary is a Protected areas of Turkmenistan, sanctuary (''zakaznik'') of Turkmenistan and a part of Köýtendag Nature Reserve. It was established in 1986.https://web.archive.org/web/20090609072344/http://natureprotection.gov.tm/reserve ...
) (
Köýtendag Nature Reserve Köýtendag Nature Reserve, formerly Kugitang Nature Reserve, is a nature reserve (''zapovednik'') in the extreme east of Turkmenistan. Geography Established in 1986, it is located in the Köýtendag Range of Lebap Province Lebap Region ...
) *Karlyuk (
Garlyk Sanctuary Garlyk Sanctuary is a sanctuary (''zakaznik'') of Turkmenistan. It is part of Köýtendag Nature Reserve Köýtendag Nature Reserve, formerly Kugitang Nature Reserve, is a nature reserve (''zapovednik'') in the extreme east of Turkmenistan. G ...
)(
Köýtendag Nature Reserve Köýtendag Nature Reserve, formerly Kugitang Nature Reserve, is a nature reserve (''zapovednik'') in the extreme east of Turkmenistan. Geography Established in 1986, it is located in the Köýtendag Range of Lebap Province Lebap Region ...
) *
Hojagarawul Sanctuary Hojagarawul Sanctuary is a sanctuary (''zakaznik'') of Turkmenistan and a part of Köýtendag Nature Reserve Köýtendag Nature Reserve, formerly Kugitang Nature Reserve, is a nature reserve (''zapovednik'') in the extreme east of Turkmenistan ...
(
Köýtendag Nature Reserve Köýtendag Nature Reserve, formerly Kugitang Nature Reserve, is a nature reserve (''zapovednik'') in the extreme east of Turkmenistan. Geography Established in 1986, it is located in the Köýtendag Range of Lebap Province Lebap Region ...
) *Ogurchinskiy (
Ogurjaly Sanctuary Ogurjaly Sanctuary is a sanctuary (''zakaznik'') of Turkmenistan Turkmenistan ( or ; tk, Türkmenistan / Түркменистан, ) is a country located in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north, e ...
) (on Ogurchinskiy Island in the
Caspian Sea The Caspian Sea is the world's largest inland body of water, often described as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea. An endorheic basin, it lies between Europe and Asia; east of the Caucasus, west of the broad steppe of Central Asia ...
, off the west coast of
Balkan Province Balkan Region ( tk, Balkan welaýaty, Балкан велаяты) is the westernmost of the five regions of Turkmenistan. Clockwise from north it borders Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan (north); two provinces of Turkmenistan (east), Iran (south), and ...
, part of
Hazar Nature Reserve Hazar Nature Reserve is a nature reserve (''zapovednik'') of Turkmenistan. It is located on the south-east coast of the Caspian Sea, in Balkan Province and covers an area of 2,690 km2. Ogurjaly Sanctuary Ogurjaly Sanctuary is a sanctuary (' ...
) Total area of sanctuaries is 11,560 km2 (2.6% of Turkmenistan's territory).


References


Further reading

*''National Program for the Protection of the Environment'', Ashgabat, 2002, pp. 149-151


External links


Map of nature reserves of Turkmenistan



UNESCO World Heritage Site
{{Asia topic, Protected areas of