Bihar Bihar (; ) is a state in eastern India. It is the 2nd largest state by population in 2019, 12th largest by area of , and 14th largest by GDP in 2021. Bihar borders Uttar Pradesh to its west, Nepal to the north, the northern part of West Be ...

is a state in

East India East India is a region of India consisting of the Indian states of Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha and West Bengal and also the union territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The region roughly corresponds to the historical region of Magadh ...

. It is bounded by

Uttar Pradesh Uttar Pradesh (; , 'Northern Province') is a state in northern India. With over 200 million inhabitants, it is the most populated state in India as well as the most populous country subdivision in the world. It was established in 1950 ...

to the west,

Nepal Nepal (; ne, नेपाल ), formerly the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal ( ne, सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल ), is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is mai ...

to the north,

West Bengal West Bengal (, Bengali: ''Poshchim Bongo'', , abbr. WB) is a state in the eastern portion of India. It is situated along the Bay of Bengal, along with a population of over 91 million inhabitants within an area of . West Bengal is the fourt ...

to the east and

Jharkhand Jharkhand (; ; ) is a state in eastern India. The state shares its border with the states of West Bengal to the east, Chhattisgarh to the west, Uttar Pradesh to the northwest, Bihar to the north and Odisha to the south. It has an area of . It ...

to the south. About 7% of the state is protected forest area.

Geography

Bihar has notified forest area of 6,764.14 km², which is 7.1 percent of its geographical area. The sub-Himalayan foothills of the Someshwar and Dun mountain ranges in

West Champaran district West Champaran is an administrative district in the state of Bihar in India, located just west of Birgunj. It is the largest district in Bihar with an area of 5,228 km²(2,019sq mi). It is a part of Tirhut Division. The district headquarte ...

are clad in a belt of moist deciduous

forest A forest is an area of land dominated by trees. Hundreds of definitions of forest are used throughout the world, incorporating factors such as tree density, tree height, land use, legal standing, and ecological function. The United Nations' ...

. As well as trees, this consists of scrub, grass and reeds. Here the annual rainfall is above 1,600 mm and this promotes luxuriant sal forests (''

Shorea robusta ''Shorea robusta'', the sal tree, sāla, shala, sakhua, or sarai, is a species of tree in the family Dipterocarpaceae. The tree is native to India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Tibet and across the Himalayan regions . Evolution Fossil evidence from lig ...

'') in the favoured areas.

has 3,208 km² (~3.41%) of Protected Forest Area and 76.30 km ² of Protected Non-Forest Area.

is one of the states that has taken "considerable" steps to implement the "Scheduled Tribes and Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006".

Protected areas

{, class="wikitable sortable" , +Protected areas in Bihar , - !Name !!

Districts of Bihar Bihar, a state of India, currently has 38 administrative districts, 101 subdivisions (अनुमंडल) and 534 CD blocks. A district of an Indian state is an administrative geographical unit, headed by a district magistrate or a deputy c ...

!! Type!! Size in km² !! Established in , - , , Gautam Budha Wildlife Sanctuary, , Gaya, , Wildlife Sanctuary, , 259.48, , 1971 , - , ,

Bhimbandh Wildlife Sanctuary Bhimbandh Wildlife Sanctuary is a wildlife sanctuary in Bihar in the south-west of Munger District . Etymology During the Mahabharata period, when the Pandavas were on their exile, they had also come to this forest during that time. For his liv ...

, ,

Munger Munger, formerly spelt as Monghyr, is a twin city and a Municipal Corporation situated in the Indian state of Bihar. It is the administrative headquarters of Munger district and Munger Division. Munger was one of the major cities in Eastern In ...

, , Wildlife Sanctuary, , 681.99, , 1976 , - , ,

Pant Wildlife Sanctuary Pant Wildlife Sanctuary is a wildlife sanctuary in India, situated near Rajgir in Nalanda district, Bihar, India. It is under the Nalanda forest division. Climate The climate is normal for the Nalanda district. There are three distinct seasons ...

, ,

Rajgir Rajgir, meaning "The City of Kings," is a historic town in the district of Nalanda in Bihar, India. As the ancient seat and capital of the Haryanka dynasty, the Pradyota dynasty, the Brihadratha dynasty and the Mauryan Empire, as well as the d ...

, , Wildlife Sanctuary , , 35.84, , 1978 , - , ,

Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary Kaimur Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in Kaimur District and Rohtas District of Bihar. It is the largest sanctuary in the state and extended in area of in plateaued landscape of Kaimur Range. It was established in 1979. The major forest types ...

, , Kaimur and Rohtas, , Wildlife Sanctuary, , 1504.96, , 1979 , - , ,

Kanwar Lake Bird Sanctuary The Kanwar Taal or Kabar Taal Lake or Kabartal Wetland located in Begusarai district of Bihar, India, is Asia's largest freshwater oxbow lake. It is approximately six timesKanwar lake: birds' paradise lost https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/ka ...

, ,

Begusarai Begusarai is the industrial and financial capital of Bihar and the administrative headquarters of the Begusarai district, which is one of the thirty-eight districts of the Indian state of Bihar. The district lies on the northern bank of th ...

, , Wildlife Sanctuary, , 67.5, , 1987 , - , , Nakti Dam Bird Sanctuary, ,

Jamui Jamui is a town and a municipality in Jamui district in the Indian state of Bihar. It is the district headquarter of Jamui district. Jamui was formed as a district on 21 February 1991 as a result of its separation from Munger. It is part of Mun ...

, , Wildlife Sanctuary , , 3.32, , 1987 , - , ,

Nagi Dam Bird Sanctuary Nagi Bird Sanctuary is located in Jhajha Jamui district of south Bihar, near the Jharkhand border. It was declared a bird sanctuary on 25 February 1984 as per Section 18 of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. The final notification under S ...

, ,

, , Wildlife Sanctuary , , 7.91, , 1987 , - , ,

Valmiki National Park Valmiki National Park is a Tiger Reserve in the West Champaran District of Bihar, India. It is the only national park in Bihar. Valmiki Tiger Reserve covers , which is 17.4% of the total geographical area of the district. As of 2018, there wer ...

, ,

West Champaran West Champaran is an administrative district in the Indian state, state of Bihar in India, located just west of Birgunj. It is the largest district in Bihar with an area of 5,228 km²(2,019sq mi). It is a part of Tirhut Division. The distri ...

, ,

National Park A national park is a nature park, natural park in use for conservation (ethic), conservation purposes, created and protected by national governments. Often it is a reserve of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that a sovereign state dec ...

, , 335.65, , 1989 , - , ,

Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary is located in Bhagalpur District of Bihar, India. The sanctuary is a 60 kilometers stretch of the Ganges River from Sultanganj to Kahalgaon in Bhagalpur district. notified as Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sa ...

, ,

Bhagalpur Bhagalpur is a city in the Indian state of Bihar, situated on the southern banks of the river Ganges. It is the 2nd largest city of Bihar by population and also the headquarters of Bhagalpur district and Bhagalpur division. Known as the Silk ...

, , Wildlife Sanctuary , , 50 , , 1990 , - , ,

Barela Jheel Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary Barela is a town and nagar panchayat in Jabalpur district in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. Its other name is Dharmnagri. Geography Barela is located at . It has an average elevation of . Demographics India census A census is the proce ...

, , Vaishali, , Wildlife Sanctuary , , 1.96, , 1997 , - , ,

Sanjay Gandhi Biological Park Sanjay Gandhi Jaivik Udyan (also known as Sanjay Gandhi Biological Park) or Patna Zoo is located off Bailey Road in Patna, Bihar, India. The park was opened to the public as a zoo in 1973. The park is Patna's most frequented picnic spot, with mo ...

, ,

Patna Patna ( ), historically known as Pataliputra, is the capital and largest city of the state of Bihar in India. According to the United Nations, as of 2018, Patna had a population of 2.35 million, making it the 19th largest city in India. ...

, ,

Zoo A zoo (short for zoological garden; also called an animal park or menagerie) is a facility in which animals are kept within enclosures for public exhibition and often bred for conservation purposes. The term ''zoological garden'' refers to zoo ...

and

Botanic Garden A botanical garden or botanic gardenThe terms ''botanic'' and ''botanical'' and ''garden'' or ''gardens'' are used more-or-less interchangeably, although the word ''botanic'' is generally reserved for the earlier, more traditional gardens, an ...

, , 0.619, , 1969 , - , , Udaypur Wildlife Sanctuary, ,

Champaran Champaran is a region of Bihar in India. It is now divided into an East Champaran district and a West Champaran district. Notable people * Manoj Bajpai – Indian film actor * Dinesh Bhramar – poet and noted figure in Hindi and Bhojpuri l ...

, , Wildlife Sanctuary , , 8.74, , 1978 , - , , Valmiki Wildlife Sanctuary, ,

, , Wildlife Sanctuary , , 880.78, , 1976

References

External links

_''Department_of_Environment_&_Forest,_ _''Department_of_Environment_&_Forest,_Bihar
">Bihar">_''Department_of_Environment_&_Forest,_Bihar

Ministry_of_Forests_-_List_of_protected_areas_in_India
Protected_areas_of_Bihar.html" ;"title="Bihar
.html" ;"title="Bihar"> ''Department of Environment & Forest, Bihar
">Bihar"> ''Department of Environment & Forest, Bihar

Ministry of Forests - List of protected areas in India
Protected areas of Bihar"> Lists of tourist attractions in Bihar

Geography

Protected areas

See also

References

External links