Progress-M1 (russian: Прогресс-М1, GRAU indices 11F615A55 and 11F615A70), also known as Progress 7K-TGM1, is a Russian spacecraft which is used to resupply

space station A space station is a spacecraft capable of supporting a human crew in orbit for an extended period of time, and is therefore a type of space habitat. It lacks major propulsion or landing systems. An orbital station or an orbital space station i ...

s. It is a variant of the

Progress Progress is the movement towards a refined, improved, or otherwise desired state. In the context of progressivism, it refers to the proposition that advancements in technology, science, and social organization have resulted, and by extension wi ...

spacecraft, derived from the

Progress-M Progress-M (russian: Прогресс-М, GRAU indices 11F615A55 and 11F615A60), also known as Progress 7K-TGM, is a Russian, previously Soviet spacecraft which is used to resupply space stations. It is a variant of the Progress spacecraft, or ...

, but modified to carry more

UDMH Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH; 1,1-dimethylhydrazine, НДМГ or codenamed Geptil) is a chemical compound with the formula H2NN(CH3)2 that is used as a rocket propellant. It is a colorless liquid, with a sharp, fishy, ammonia-like smell ...

and N₂O₄ propellant for refuelling the

International Space Station The International Space Station (ISS) is the largest modular space station currently in low Earth orbit. It is a multinational collaborative project involving five participating space agencies: NASA (United States), Roscosmos (Russia), JAXA ...

instead of other cargoes such as water. A Progress M1 11F615A55 spacecraft could carry up to of propellant in eight mid-section refuelling tanks, compared to the that a Progress-M of the same generation could carry. This propellant can be transferred to the Space Station's own propulsion system through fluid connectors in the docking ring, or it can alternatively be used by the Progress' thrusters to boost the station altitude or to change its orientation, or attitude, in space. In addition to propellant, the spacecraft can also carry up to (6 cubic meters volume) of supplies in its forward pressurized cargo module (including a maximum of of compressed air), but the combination of pressurized cargo and refuelling propellant cannot exceed or the maximum capability of the launch vehicle. The

tare weight Tare weight , sometimes called unladen weight, is the weight of an empty vehicle or container. By subtracting tare weight from gross weight ( laden weight), one can determine the weight of the goods carried or contained (the net weight). Etymol ...

of Progress-M1 is . Its

KTDU-80 The KTDU-80 (Russian: ) is the latest of a family of integrated propulsion system that KB KhIMMASH has implemented for the Soyuz since the Soyuz-T. It integrates main propulsion, RCS and attitude control in a single system pressure fed from a co ...

engine has a thrust of and uses up to of propellant carried in four integrated spherical tanks for maneuvers such as docking and deorbiting the craft; to is typically left unused and hence available for the space station. Progress-m1-4

The Progress-M1 11F615A70 is a modernised variant of the earlier 11F615A55, with digital flight control systems replacing the earlier analogue ones. The older 11F615A55 spacecraft is no longer in use. It made eleven flights, the last of which,

Progress M1-11 Progress M1-11, identified by NASA as Progress 13P, was a Progress spacecraft used to resupply the International Space Station. It was a Progress-M1 11F615A55 spacecraft, with the serial number 260. Launch Progress M1-11 was launched by a Soyuz- ...

, was deorbited in June 2004. The 11F615A70 was scheduled to make its first flight, Progress M1-01M, in 2011 but was cancelled. Of the eleven 11F615A55 spacecraft launched, three flew to

Mir ''Mir'' (russian: Мир, ; ) was a space station that operated in low Earth orbit from 1986 to 2001, operated by the Soviet Union and later by Russia. ''Mir'' was the first modular space station and was assembled in orbit from 1986 to&n ...

, with the remainder being used to resupply the

. Ten of the spacecraft were used for traditional resupply missions, whilst the eleventh,

Progress M1-5 Progress M1-5 was the Progress spacecraft which was launched by Russia in 2001 to deorbit the fifteen-year-old ''Mir'' space station in a controlled fashion over a remote ocean area, far away from shipping lanes - otherwise Mir's orbit would h ...

, was used instead to deorbit the Mir space station. Progress-M1 spacecraft are launched by

Soyuz Soyuz is a transliteration of the Cyrillic text Союз (Russian and Ukrainian, 'Union'). It can refer to any union, such as a trade union (''profsoyuz'') or the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Сою́з Сове́тских Социалис� ...

rockets. Eight of the 11F615A55 spacecraft were launched by the

Soyuz-U The Soyuz-U launch vehicle was an improved version of the original Soyuz rocket. Soyuz-U was part of the R-7 family of rockets based on the R-7 Semyorka missile. Members of this rocket family were designed by the TsSKB design bureau and cons ...

variant, whilst the remaining three; the sixth,

seventh Seventh is the ordinal form of the number seven. Seventh may refer to: * Seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution * A fraction (mathematics), , equal to one of seven equal parts Film and television *"The Seventh", a second-season e ...

and

ninth In music, a ninth is a compound interval consisting of an octave plus a second. Like the second, the interval of a ninth is classified as a dissonance in common practice tonality. Since a ninth is an octave larger than a second, its ...

spacecraft, flew on the

Soyuz-FG The Soyuz-FG launch vehicle was an improved version of the Soyuz-U from the R-7 family of rockets, designed and constructed by TsSKB-Progress in Samara, Russia. Guidance, navigation, and control system was developed and manufactured by "Polisv ...

. 11F615A70 launches are expected to use the

Soyuz-2 Soyuz-2 (GRAU index 14A14) is a modernized version of the Soviet Soyuz rocket. In its basic form, it is a three-stage launch vehicle for placing payloads into low Earth orbit. Compared to the previous versions of the Soyuz, the first-stage bo ...

but was cancelled.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:M1, Progress Progress (spacecraft)

See also

References