The total number of distinct

Egyptian hieroglyphs Egyptian hieroglyphs (, ) were the formal writing system used in Ancient Egypt, used for writing the Egyptian language. Hieroglyphs combined logographic, syllabic and alphabetic elements, with some 1,000 distinct characters.There were about 1, ...

increased over time from several hundred in the Middle Kingdom to several thousand during the Ptolemaic Kingdom. In 1928/1929

Alan Gardiner Sir Alan Henderson Gardiner, (29 March 1879 – 19 December 1963) was an English Egyptologist, linguist, philologist, and independent scholar. He is regarded as one of the premier Egyptologists of the early and mid-20th century. Personal life ...

published an overview of hieroglyphs,

Gardiner's sign list Gardiner's Sign List is a list of common Egyptian hieroglyphs compiled by Sir Alan Gardiner. It is considered a standard reference in the study of ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs. Gardiner lists only the common forms of Egyptian hieroglyphs, but ...

, the basic modern standard. It describes 763 signs in 26 categories (A–Z, roughly).

Georg Möller Georg Möller (1876–1921) was a German Egyptologist. He was born in Venezuela as the son of a German businessman. His family moved to Hamburg when he was five. From 1896 he studied at Humboldt University under Adolf Erman. He received his do ...

compiled more extensive lists, organized by historical epoch (published posthumously in 1927 and 1936). In

Unicode Unicode, formally The Unicode Standard,The formal version reference is is an information technology standard for the consistent encoding, representation, and handling of text expressed in most of the world's writing systems. The standard, ...

, the block ''Egyptian Hieroglyphs'' (2009) includes 1071 signs, organization based on Gardiner's list. As of 2016, there is a proposal by

Michael Everson Michael Everson (born January 9, 1963) is an American and Irish linguist, script encoder, typesetter, type designer and publisher. He runs a publishing company called Evertype, through which he has published over a hundred books since 2006. Hi ...

to extend the Unicode standard to comprise Möller's list.

Subsets

Notable subsets of hieroglyphs: * Determinatives * Uniliteral signs * Biliteral signs * Triliteral signs * Egyptian numerals

Letter classification by Gardiner

List of hieroglyphs

In Unicode

Unicode character names follow

(padded with zeroes to three digits, i.e. Gardiner "A1" is "EGYPTIAN HIEROGLYPH A001"), with the addition of glyph names in NL001–NL020 and NU001–NU022, representing the 20 Nomes of Lower Egypt and the 22 Nomes of Upper Egypt, respectively.

Articles on individual hieroglyphs

* Arm, cubit symbol (hieroglyph) * Bee (hieroglyph) * Bone-with-meat (hieroglyph) * Bowstring (hieroglyph) *

Brazier (hieroglyph) The ancient Egyptian Brazier hieroglyph is Gardiner sign listed no. Q7 for the ''cooking brazier''. It is shown from the Old Kingdom in the style of a vertical burning flame upon four feet, but the hieroglyph has the ''flame'' hiding the fourth ...

* Bull (ka hieroglyph) * Carob (hieroglyph) * Child (hieroglyph) * Cross-ndj (hieroglyph) * Crossroads (hieroglyph) * Djsr (arm with powerstick) * Egg (hieroglyph) * Emblem of the East (hieroglyph) * Emblem of the West (hieroglyph) * Face (hieroglyph) *

Foot (hieroglyph) The ancient Egyptian b-hieroglyph ( Gardiner D58) represents a foot or lower leg.Schumann-Antelme, and Rossini, 1998. ''Illustrated Hieroglyphics Handbook'', uniliteral: U3, p. 22-23. Gallery File:Egypt Medicine2.jpg, Relief(also shows 3rd "m" ...

Foreleg of ox The Foreleg of ox (a ''foreleg with the thigh'') hieroglyph of ancient Egypt is an old hieroglyph; it even represented a nighttime constellation (the Big Dipper, Maskheti). It came to have many uses in ancient Egypt over three millennia. I ...

Game piece (hieroglyph) The ancient Egyptian Game piece (hieroglyph), also a Token, or the general term for any ''gaming-gambling'' piece, Draughtsman is an ancient hieroglyph. Gaming pieces were certainly required in predynastic times, as the cultural creation of game ...

Gold (hieroglyph) The Egyptian hieroglyph representing gold (𓋞 Gardiner S12), phonetic value ''nb'', is important due to its use in the Horus-of-Gold name, one of the Fivefold Titulary names of the Egyptian pharaoh. In its determinative usage, it identifi ...

Grape arbor (hieroglyph) The ancient Egyptian Grape arbor hieroglyph is Gardiner sign listed no. M43 in Gardiner's subcategory for ''trees and plants''. The hieroglyph shows a horizontal vine with stylized bunches suspended below; each end is supported by the hierogl ...

Hand (hieroglyph) The ancient Egyptian Hand hieroglyph is an alphabetic hieroglyph with the meaning of "d"; it is also used in the word for 'hand', and actions that are performed, i.e. by the 'way of one's hands', or actions. (Used as a determinative.) Iconogr ...

* Hand drill (hieroglyph) * Hare (hieroglyph) * Harpoon (hieroglyph) * Hill-country (hieroglyph) *

House (hieroglyph) A house is a single-unit residential building. It may range in complexity from a rudimentary hut to a complex structure of wood, masonry, concrete or other material, outfitted with plumbing, electrical, and heating, ventilation, and air ...

* Incense burner: arm (hieroglyph) * Incense burner: pot (hieroglyph) * Jubilee Pavilion (hieroglyph) *

Km (hieroglyph) The Egyptian hieroglyph for "black" ( 𓆎) in Gardiner's sign list is numbered I6. Its phonetic value is '. The '' Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache'' ('Dictionary of the Egyptian Language') lists no less than 24 different terms of km ...

* Land, irrigated (hieroglyph) *

Leopard head (hieroglyph) The ancient Egyptian Leopard head hieroglyph, Gardiner sign listed no. F9 is a portrayal of the ''head of a leopard''; it is in the Gardiner subset for "parts of mammals". In the Egyptian language, the Leopard head hieroglyph is used as a de ...

Man-prisoner (hieroglyph) The ancient Egyptian Man-prisoner is one of the oldest hieroglyphs from Ancient Egypt. An iconographic portrayal from predynastic Egypt eventually led to its incorporation into the writing system of the Egyptian language. Not only rebels from ...

* Man-seated: arms in adoration (hieroglyph) * Mast (hieroglyph) *

Night (hieroglyph) The ancient Egyptian Night hieroglyph, Gardiner Gardiner may refer to: Places Settlements ;Canada * Gardiner, Ontario ;United States * Gardiner, Maine * Gardiner, Montana * Gardiner (town), New York ** Gardiner (CDP), New York * Gardiner, ...

* Naos (hieroglyph) * Papyrus stem (hieroglyph) *

Pick (hieroglyph) The ancient Egyptian Pick hieroglyph, Gardiner sign listed nos. U17, U18 is a portrayal of a 'pick upon the side view of a block'; it is in the Gardiner subset for ''agriculture, crafts, and professions''. In the Egyptian language, the ''pick ...

Pr (hieroglyph) Pr (𓉐 Gardiner sign listed no. O1) is the hieroglyph for 'house', the floor-plan of a walled building with an open doorway. While its original pronunciation is not known with certainty, modern Egyptology assigns it the value of ''per'', bu ...

Road (hieroglyph) The Ancient Egyptian Road-with-shrubs hieroglyph is Gardiner sign listed no. N31 for a ''road'', ''"street"'', or ''pathway''. It originally was a curving hieroglyph, but became a standardized straight form as well. The Road hieroglyph is us ...

Sail (hieroglyph) The ancient Egyptian Sail hieroglyph is Gardiner sign listed no. P5 for the ''sail of a ship''. The hieroglyph shows a hoisted sail, curved because of wind filling it. It is used in Egyptian hieroglyphs as a determinative for words related t ...

Shuti hieroglyph (two-feather adornment) The ancient Egyptian Shuti, a ''two-feather adornment'' for crowns, is part of a series of hieroglyphs for "crowns"; usage as a hieroglyph is not as common as the actual crown represented in Egyptian art, and artworks. One popular use of the '' ...

Sky (hieroglyph) The ancient Egyptian Sky hieroglyph, (also translated as ''heaven'' in some texts, or iconography), is Gardiner sign listed no. N1, within the Gardiner signs for ''sky, earth, and water.'' The ''Sky'' hieroglyph is used like an Egyptian langua ...

Spine with fluid (hieroglyph) The ancient Egyptian hieroglyph of a Spine issuing fluid is Gardiner sign listed no. F40 for the ''animal spine, fluid falling from each end''. Another hieroglyph, Gardiner F39 shows only half of the spine, F39-(referring to 'dignity', or 't ...

* Stair-single (hieroglyph) * Sun (hieroglyph) *

Sun-rising (hieroglyph) The Egyptian hieroglyph Rising Sun (Gardiner N28) is used to represent "coronation", and related meanings (festivals, parades, rejoicing, etc.). Its phonetic value is ''ḫꜥ'' ("kha"). It is used in the Horus name of pharaoh Khasekhemwy (''� ...

Swallow (hieroglyph) The Ancient Egyptian Swallow hieroglyph is Gardiner sign listed no. G36 for swallow birds. The Sparrow hieroglyph appears similar in size and shape, though it lacks the swallow's forked tail and is used to represent small, or bad items. The '' ...

* Three fox skins (hieroglyph) *

Throw stick (hieroglyph) The Throw stick hieroglyph of ancient Egypt is an old hieroglyph that dates from the Predynastic Period; it is from the assemblage of hieroglyphs used on the ''ornamental'', or ''ceremonial'' cosmetic palettes. It is used on the palettes both as ...

Two whips with shen ring (hieroglyph) The ancient Egyptian Two Whips with Shen ring hieroglyph, Gardiner sign listed no. S23 is a portrayal of the Shen ring with two Egyptian flails-(Crook and flail); it is a member of the Gardiner subset for ''"crowns, dress, staves, etc".'' I ...

* Union symbol (hieroglyph) ;Hieroglyph is part of article: *

Ankh Progressive ankylosis protein homolog (ANK ilosis H omolog) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ANKH'' gene. This gene encodes a multipass transmembrane protein that is expressed in joints and other tissues and controls pyrophosphate ...

Bennu Bennu is an ancient Egyptian deity linked with the Sun, creation, and rebirth. He may have been the original inspiration for the phoenix legends that developed in Greek mythology. Roles According to Egyptian mythology, Bennu was a self-create ...

Cartouche In Egyptian hieroglyphs, a cartouche is an oval with a line at one end tangent to it, indicating that the text enclosed is a royal name. The first examples of the cartouche are associated with pharaohs at the end of the Third Dynasty, but the fe ...

Deshret Deshret ( egy, dšrt "Red One") was the formal name for the Red Crown of Lower Egypt and for the desert Red Land on either side of Kemet (Black Land), the fertile Nile river basin. When combined with the Hedjet (White Crown) of Upper Egypt, it f ...

* Djed *

Eye of Horus The Eye of Horus, ''wedjat'' eye or ''udjat'' eye is a concept and symbol in ancient Egyptian religion that represents well-being, healing, and protection. It derives from the mythical conflict between the god Horus with his rival Set, in ...

Hedjet Hedjet ( egy, ḥḏt "White One") is the formal name for the White Crown of pharaonic Upper Egypt. After the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, it was combined with the Deshret, the Red Crown of Lower Egypt, to form the Pschent, the double ...

Khepresh The khepresh (''ḫprš'') was an ancient Egyptian royal headdress. It is also known as the blue crown or war crown. New Kingdom pharaohs are often depicted wearing it in battle, but it was also frequently worn in ceremonies. While it was once c ...

* Renpet *

Sekhem scepter The sekhem scepter is a type of ritual scepter in ancient Egypt. As a symbol of authority, it is often incorporated in names and words associated with power and control. The sekhem scepter (symbolizing "the powerful") is related to the ('')'' sc ...

Serekh In Egyptian hieroglyphs, a serekh is a rectangular enclosure representing the niched or gated façade of a palace surmounted by (usually) the Horus falcon, indicating that the text enclosed is a royal name. The serekh was the earliest conven ...

Seshat's emblem Seshat ( egy, sš3t, under various spellings) was the ancient Egyptian goddess of writing, wisdom, and knowledge. She was seen as a scribe and record keeper; her name means "female scribe". She is credited with inventing writing. She also bec ...

* Set animal *

Shen ring __NOTOC__ Shen may refer to: * Shen (Chinese religion) (神), a central word in Chinese philosophy, religion, and traditional Chinese medicine; term for god or spirit * Shen (clam-monster) (蜃), a shapeshifting Chinese dragon believed to create m ...

* Tyet *

Uraeus The Uraeus (), or Ouraeus (Ancient Greek: , ; Egyptian: ', "rearing cobra"), ''(plural: Uraei)'' is the stylized, upright form of an Egyptian cobra, used as a symbol of sovereignty, royalty, deity and divine authority in ancient Egypt. Symbol ...

Wadjet Wadjet (; egy, wꜢḏyt "Green One"), known to the Greek world as Uto (; grc-koi, Οὐτώ) or Buto (; ) among other renderings including Wedjat, Uadjet, and Udjo, was originally the ancient local goddess of the city of Dep. It became part ...

Was (sceptre) The ''was'' (Egyptian '' wꜣs'' "power, dominion") sceptre is a symbol that appeared often in relics, art, and hieroglyphs associated with the ancient Egyptian religion. It appears as a stylized animal head at the top of a long, straight staff ...

References

* Budge, Sir E.A.Wallis, ''An Egyptian Hieroglyphic Dictionary, in Two Volumes,'' Sir E.A.Wallis Budge, (Dover Publications, Inc. New York), c 1920, Dover Edition, c 1978. (Large categorized listings of Hieroglyphs, Vol 1, pp. xcvii–cxlvii (97–147) (25 categories, 1000+ hieroglyphs), 50 pgs.) *Faulkner, William (1991). Middle Egyptian. Griffith. .: * A.H. Gardiner, ''Catalogue of the Egyptian hieroglyphic printing type, from matrices owned and controlled by Dr. Alan'' (1928). * A.H. Gardiner, "Additions to the new hieroglyphic fount (1928)", ''The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology'' 15 (1929), p. 95. * A.H. Gardiner, "Additions to the new hieroglyphic fount (1931)", ''The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology'' 17 (1931), pp. 245–247. * A.H. Gardiner, ''Supplement to the catalogue of the Egyptian hieroglyphic printing type, showing acquisitions to December 1953'' (1953). * A.H. Gardiner, '' Egyptian Grammar: Being an Introduction to the Study of Hieroglyphs''. 3rd Ed., pub.

Griffith Institute The Griffith Institute is an Egyptological institution based in the Griffith Wing of the Sackler Library and is part of the Faculty of Oriental Studies, University of Oxford, England. It was founded for the advancement of Egyptology and Ancient N ...

, Oxford, 1957 (1st edition 1927), pp. 438–548
pdf
. * Möller, Georg. 1909. ''Hieratische Paläographie: die aegyptische Buchschrift in ihrer Entwicklung von der Fünften Dynastie bis zur römischen Kaiserzeit. Erster Band: Bis zum Beginn der achtzehnten Dynastie'' * Möller, Georg. 1927. ''Hieratische Paläographie: die aegyptische Buchschrift in ihrer Entwicklung von der Fünften Dynastie bis zur römischen Kaiserzeit. Zweiter Band: Von der Zeit Thutmosis' III bis zum Ende der einundzwanzigsten Dynastie,'' * Möller, Georg. 1936. ''Hieratische Paläographie: die aegyptische Buchschrift in ihrer Entwicklung von der Fünften Dynastie bis zur römischen Kaiserzeit. Dritter Band: Von der zweiundzwanzigsten Dynastie bis zum dritten Jahrhundert nach Chr.'' * Möller, Georg. 1936. ''Hieratische Paläographie: die aegyptische Buchschrift in ihrer Entwicklung von der Fünften Dynastie bis zur römischen Kaiserzeit. Vierter *Band: Ergänzungsheft zu Band I und II'' * Wilkinson, Richard, ''Reading Egyptian Art, A Hieroglyphic Guide to Ancient Egyptian Painting and Sculpture,'' Richard H. Wilkinson, with 450 Illustrations, (Thames & Hudson Ltd, London), c 1992. * Rainer Hannig: ''Großes Handwörterbuch Ägyptisch-Deutsch. (2800 – 950 v. Chr.)'' Marburger Edition. 4th rev. ed. von Zabern, Mainz 2006, , (= Hannig-Lexica. vol. 1); (= Kulturgeschichte der Antiken Welt. vol. 64, ISSN 0937-9746),contains the Gardiner list plus an extended sign list. * Rainer Hannig, Petra Vomberg: ''Wortschatz der Pharaonen in Sachgruppen''. Hannig Lexica vol. 2, 2nd ed, von Zabern, Mainz 2012, . * Friedrich Junge: ''Einführung in die Grammatik des Neuägyptischen'' 3rd rev. ed. Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 2008, , information on transcription and transliteration and peculiarities of New Kingdom orthographies. * Christian Leitz: ''Die Tempelinschriften der griechisch-römischen Zeit.'' 3rd rev ed. Münster 2009, , (= ''Quellentexte zur ägyptischen Religion'' 1), (= ''Einführungen und Quellentexte zur Ägyptologie'' 2), references older inventories of Ptolemaic era hieroglyphics. * Michael Everson and Bob Richmond,
Towards a Proposal to encode Egyptian Hieroglyphs in Unicode
' (2006)

External links

* WikiHiero syntax (

MediaWiki MediaWiki is a Free and open-source software, free and open-source wiki software. It is used on Wikipedia and almost all other Wikimedia movement, Wikimedia Website, websites, including Wiktionary, Wikimedia Commons and Wikidata; these sit ...

) * :wiktionary:Appendix:Unicode/Egyptian Hieroglyphs * :wiktionary:Egyptian hieroglyphic script characters
Gardiner Sign List

Alphabet
at ancient-egypt.co.uk

finding hieroglyphs
{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Egyptian Hieroglyphs By Alphabetization * +