Hydrangeaceae is a
family of flowering plants in the order
Cornales, with a wide distribution in Asia and North America, and locally in southeastern
Europe.
Description
The genera are characterised by
leaves
A leaf (plural, : leaves) is any of the principal appendages of a vascular plant plant stem, stem, usually borne laterally aboveground and specialized for photosynthesis. Leaves are collectively called foliage, as in "autumn foliage", wh ...
in opposite pairs (rarely whorled or alternate), and regular, bisexual
flowers with 4 (rarely 5–12) petals. The
fruit is a
capsule or
berry
A berry is a small, pulpy, and often edible fruit. Typically, berries are juicy, rounded, brightly colored, sweet, sour or tart, and do not have a stone or pit, although many pips or seeds may be present. Common examples are strawberries, raspb ...
containing several
seeds, the seeds with a fleshy
endosperm
The endosperm is a tissue produced inside the seeds of most of the flowering plants following double fertilization. It is triploid (meaning three chromosome sets per nucleus) in most species, which may be auxin-driven. It surrounds the embryo and ...
.
Genera
The following genera are accepted:
*''
Carpenteria
''Carpenteria'' , the tree anemone or bush anemone, is a genus of flowering plants in the hydrangea family Hydrangeaceae. It is closely related to the similar genus ''Philadelphus'' and is monotypic, being represented by the single species ''C ...
''
Torr.
*''
Deutzia''
Thunb.
*''
Fendlera''
Engelm. & A.Gray
*''
Fendlerella''
A.Heller
*''
Hydrangea''
Gronov. ex L.
*''
Jamesia
''Jamesia'' is a genus of shrubs in the Hydrangeaceae, most commonly known as Jamesia, cliffbush or waxflower. It is native to interior western North America, in the U.S. states of Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wy ...
''
Torr. & A.Gray
*''
Kirengeshoma
''Kirengeshoma'' is a genus containing two species of plants in the hydrangea family. Both are clump-forming perennials native to Eastern Asia, with sycamore-like palmate leaves and nodding, waxy yellow flowers on slender stalks, growing in shady ...
''
Yatabe
*''
Philadelphus
''Philadelphus'' () (mock-orange) is a genus of about 60 species of shrubs from 3–20 ft (1–6 m) tall, native to North America, Central America, Asia and (locally) in southeast Europe.
They are named "mock-orange" in reference to their ...
''
L.
*''Whipplea''
Torr.
Phylogeny
The family Hydrangeaceae has two subfamilies, namely Jamesioideae and Hydrangeoideae. The subfamily Jamesioideae comprises the genera Jamesia and Fendlera.
[Kim, C., Deng, T., Wen, J., Nie, Z. L., & Sun, H. (2015)]
"Systematics, biogeography, and character evolution of Deutzia (Hydrangeaceae) inferred from nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequences."
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 87, 91-104. They are the sister group to the remaining Hydrangeaceae.
[Kubitzki, K. (2013)]
"Flowering Plants. Dicotyledons: Celastrales, Oxalidales, Rosales, Cornales, Ericales."
p. 206. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. The subfamily Hydrangeoideae has two tribes:
Hydrangeae consists of Hydrangea s.l.,
[Samain, M. S., Wanke, S., & Goetghebeur, P. (2010)]
"Unraveling extensive paraphyly in the genus ''Hydrangea'' s.l. with implications for the systematics of tribe Hydrangeeae."
Systematic Botany, 35(3), 593-600. and Philadelpheae consists of ''Philadelphus'', ''Carpenteria'', ''Deutzia'', ''Kirengeshoma'', ''Whipplea'', and ''Fendlerella''.
[Hufford, L., Moody, M. L., & Soltis, D. E. (2001)]
"A phylogenetic analysis of Hydrangeaceae based on sequences of the plastid gene matK and their combination with rbcL and morphological data."
International Journal of Plant Sciences, 162(4), 835-846. ''Carpenteria'' is the sister group to ''Philadelphus''. ''Deutzia'' is the sister group to ''Kirengeshoma'', and ''Fendlerella'' is the sister group to ''Whipplea''.
However the relationships among those three clades within the tribe Philadelphae are a bit unclear.
The following cladogram summarizes results from different studies, and for each node it is noted which studies support the sister group positions of the following branches:
References
Hydrangeaceae,
Asterid families
{{Cornales-stub