''Phidippus'' is a genus in the family Salticidae (

jumping spider Jumping spiders are a group of spiders that constitute the family (biology), family Salticidae. As of 2019, this family contained over 600 described genera and over 6,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders at 13% of all sp ...

s). Some of the largest jumping spiders inhabit this genus, and many species are characterized by their brilliant, iridescent green

chelicerae The chelicerae () are the mouthparts of the subphylum Chelicerata, an arthropod group that includes arachnids, horseshoe crabs, and sea spiders. Commonly referred to as "jaws", chelicerae may be shaped as either articulated fangs, or similarly ...

. ''Phidippus'' is distributed almost exclusively in

North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ...

, with the exception of two exported species (''

Phidippus audax ''Phidippus audax'' or the bold jumping spider is a common species of spider belonging to the genus ''Phidippus'', a group of jumping spiders easily identified by their large eyes and their iridescent chelicerae.Jackson, R., & Richman, D. (1992 ...

'' and ''

Phidippus regius ''Phidippus regius'', known commonly as the regal jumper, is a species of jumping spider in eastern North America. Description Adult males range from in body length and average . Females range from and average . Males and females are easi ...

'').Edwards, G. B. (2004). pp. vii, 4–6. , there were about 80 described species in the genus. Species previously described in ''Phidippus'' which are found in

India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...

and

Bangladesh Bangladesh (}, ), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh, is a country in South Asia. It is the eighth-most populous country in the world, with a population exceeding 165 million people in an area of . Bangladesh is among the mos ...

do not belong in this genus.

Name

The genus name is likely derived from

Cicero Marcus Tullius Cicero ( ; ; 3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, and academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the estab ...

's speech ''Pro Rege Deiotaro'' (Speech in Behalf of King Deiotarus): Phidippus was a slave who was physician to King

Deiotaros Deiotarus of Galatia (in Galatian and Greek Deiotaros, surnamed Philoromaios ("Friend of the Romans"); 42 BC, 41 BC or 40 BC) was a Chief Tetrarch of the Tolistobogii in western Galatia, Asia Minor, and a King of Galatia ("Gallo-Graecia"). He was ...

. Literally, the word means "one who spares horses" in

Ancient Greek Ancient Greek includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Dark Ages (), the Archaic peri ...

.Ubick ''et al.'' 2005 The name for the jumping spider family, Salticidae, also comes from the verb "to jump" in Latin.

Species

, the

World Spider Catalog The World Spider Catalog (WSC) is an online searchable database concerned with spider taxonomy. It aims to list all accepted families, genera and species, as well as provide access to the related taxonomic literature. The WSC began as a series of ...

accepted the following species: * ''

Phidippus adonis ''Phidippus'' is a genus in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders). Some of the largest jumping spiders inhabit this genus, and many species are characterized by their brilliant, iridescent green chelicerae. ''Phidippus'' is distributed almos ...

Edwards Edwards may refer to: People * Edwards (surname) * Edwards family, a prominent family from Chile * Edwards Barham (1937-2014), a former member of the Louisiana State Senate * Edwards Pierrepont (1817–1892), an American attorney, jurist, and ora ...

, 2004 –

Mexico Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...

* ''

Phidippus adumbratus ''Phidippus adumbratus'' is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae Jumping spiders are a group of spiders that constitute the family Salticidae. As of 2019, this family contained over 600 described genera and over 6,000 described ...

'' Gertsch, 1934 – United States *''

Phidippus aeneidens ''Phidippus'' is a genus in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders). Some of the largest jumping spiders inhabit this genus, and many species are characterized by their brilliant, iridescent green chelicerae. ''Phidippus'' is distributed almost ...

'' Taczanowski, 1878 – Peru *''

Phidippus albocinctus ''Phidippus'' is a genus in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders). Some of the largest jumping spiders inhabit this genus, and many species are characterized by their brilliant, iridescent green chelicerae. ''Phidippus'' is distributed almost ...

'' Caporiacco, 1947 – Guyana * ''

Phidippus amans ''Phidippus'' is a genus in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders). Some of the largest jumping spiders inhabit this genus, and many species are characterized by their brilliant, iridescent green chelicerae. ''Phidippus'' is distributed almost ...

'' Edwards, 2004 – Mexico * ''

Phidippus albulatus ''Phidippus'' is a genus in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders). Some of the largest jumping spiders inhabit this genus, and many species are characterized by their brilliant, iridescent green chelicerae. ''Phidippus'' is distributed almos ...

'' F. O. P-Cambridge, 1901 – Mexico * ''

Phidippus apacheanus ''Phidippus apacheanus'' is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. It is found in the United States, Mexico, and Cuba. Description It is large for a jumping spider, small males of this species measure 3.3mm and large female can ...

Chamberlin The Chamberlin is an electro-mechanical keyboard instrument that was a precursor to the Mellotron. It was developed and patented by the American inventor Harry Chamberlin from 1949 to 1956, when the first model was introduced. There are severa ...

& Gertsch, 1929 – United States, Mexico,

Cuba Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...

* ''

Phidippus ardens ''Phidippus ardens'' is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae Jumping spiders are a group of spiders that constitute the family Salticidae. As of 2019, this family contained over 600 described genera and over 6,000 described spe ...

'' Peckham & Peckham, 1901 – United States, Mexico * ''

Phidippus arizonensis ''Phidippus arizonensis'' is a spider in the family Salticidae ("jumping spiders"), in the infraorder Araneomorphae ("true spiders"). The distribution range of ''Phidippus arizonensis'' includes the United States and Mexico. References Salt ...

'' (Peckham & Peckham, 1883) – United States, Mexico * ''

Phidippus asotus ''Phidippus asotus'' is a species of jumping spiders in the family Salticidae Jumping spiders are a group of spiders that constitute the family Salticidae. As of 2019, this family contained over 600 described genera and over 6,000 described spe ...

'' Chamberlin &

Ivie Ivie is a given name and surname. Notable people with the name include: Given name *Ivie Anderson (1904–1949), American jazz singer *Ivie Okujaye (born 1987), Nigerian actress and television producer *Ivie Richardson (1895–1960), South Africa ...

, 1933 – United States, Mexico * ''

'' ( Hentz, 1845) – North America, introduced in

Hawaii Hawaii ( ; haw, Hawaii or ) is a state in the Western United States, located in the Pacific Ocean about from the U.S. mainland. It is the only U.S. state outside North America, the only state that is an archipelago, and the only stat ...

Nicobar Islands The Nicobar Islands are an archipelagic island chain in the eastern Indian Ocean. They are located in Southeast Asia, northwest of Aceh on Sumatra, and separated from Thailand to the east by the Andaman Sea. Located southeast of the Indian s ...

* '' Phidippus aureus'' Edwards, 2004 – United States *'' Phidippus bengalensis'' Tikader, 1977 – India *'' Phidippus bhimrakshiti'' Gajbe, 2004 – India * ''

Phidippus bidentatus ''Phidippus bidentatus'' is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae Jumping spiders are a group of spiders that constitute the family Salticidae. As of 2019, this family contained over 600 described genera and over 6,000 described ...

'' F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901 – United States to

Costa Rica Costa Rica (, ; ; literally "Rich Coast"), officially the Republic of Costa Rica ( es, República de Costa Rica), is a country in the Central American region of North America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the no ...

*'' Phidippus birabeni'' Mello-Leitão, 1944 – Argentina * '' Phidippus boei'' Edwards, 2004 – United States, Mexico * '' Phidippus borealis'' Banks, 1895 – United States,

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by tot ...

Alaska Alaska ( ; russian: Аляска, Alyaska; ale, Alax̂sxax̂; ; ems, Alas'kaaq; Yup'ik: ''Alaskaq''; tli, Anáaski) is a state located in the Western United States on the northwest extremity of North America. A semi-exclave of the U.S., ...

*'' Phidippus calcuttaensis'' Biswas, 1984 – India * '' Phidippus californicus'' Peckham & Peckham, 1901 – North America * '' Phidippus cardinalis'' (Hentz, 1845) – United States, Mexico * '' Phidippus carneus'' Peckham & Peckham, 1896 – United States, Mexico * '' Phidippus carolinensis'' Peckham & Peckham, 1909 – United States, Mexico * '' Phidippus cerberus'' Edwards, 2004 – Mexico * ''

Phidippus clarus Phidippus Clarus, also known as the Brilliant Jumping Spider, is a species of jumping spider (family Salticidae) found in old fields throughout eastern North America. It often waits upside down near the top of a plant, which may be useful for de ...

'' Keyserling, 1885 – North America * '' Phidippus comatus'' Peckham & Peckham, 1901 – North America * '' Phidippus concinnus'' Gertsch, 1934 – United States * '' Phidippus cruentus'' F. O. P.-Cambridge, 1901 – Mexico * '' Phidippus cryptus'' Edwards, 2004 – United States, Canada * '' Phidippus dianthus'' Edwards, 2004 – Mexico *'' Phidippus exlineae'' Caporiacco, 1955 – Venezuela * '' Phidippus felinus'' Edwards, 2004 – United States * '' Phidippus georgii'' Peckham & Peckham, 1896 – Mexico to

El Salvador El Salvador (; , meaning " The Saviour"), officially the Republic of El Salvador ( es, República de El Salvador), is a country in Central America. It is bordered on the northeast by Honduras, on the northwest by Guatemala, and on the south b ...

*'' Phidippus guianensis'' Caporiacco, 1947 – Guyana *'' Phidippus hingstoni'' Mello-Leitão, 1948 – Guyana * '' Phidippus insignarius'' C. L. Koch, 1846 – United States * '' Phidippus johnsoni'' (Peckham & Peckham, 1883) – North America * '' Phidippus kastoni'' Edwards, 2004 – United States *'' Phidippus khandalaensis'' Tikader, 1977 – India * '' Phidippus lynceus'' Edwards, 2004 – United States * '' Phidippus maddisoni'' Edwards, 2004 – Mexico *'' Phidippus majumderi'' Biswas, 1999 – Bangladesh * '' Phidippus mimicus'' Edwards, 2004 – Mexico * '' Phidippus morpheus'' Edwards, 2004 – United States, Mexico * ''

Phidippus mystaceus ''Phidippus mystaceus'' is a species of jumping spider that is found in North America. Females grow to about in body length. Etymology The species name is derived from the Ancient Greek ''mystax'', meaning "moustache", which the females of this ...

'' (Hentz, 1846) – United States * '' Phidippus nikites'' Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935 – United States, Mexico * '' Phidippus octopunctatus'' (Peckham & Peckham, 1883) – United States, Mexico * '' Phidippus olympus'' Edwards, 2004 – United States * '' Phidippus otiosus'' (Hentz, 1846) – United States * '' Phidippus pacosauritus'' Edwards, 2020 – Mexico * '' Phidippus phoenix'' Edwards, 2004 – United States, Mexico * '' Phidippus pius'' Scheffer, 1905 – United States to Costa Rica * '' Phidippus pompatus'' Edwards, 2004 – Mexico * ''

Phidippus princeps ''Phidippus princeps'' is a species of jumping spider Jumping spiders are a group of spiders that constitute the family Salticidae. As of 2019, this family contained over 600 described genera and over 6,000 described species, making it the lar ...

'' (Peckham & Peckham, 1883) – United States, Canada * '' Phidippus pruinosus'' Peckham & Peckham, 1909 – United States *'' Phidippus punjabensis'' Tikader, 1974 – India * '' Phidippus purpuratus'' Keyserling, 1885 – United States, Canada * '' Phidippus putnami'' (Peckham & Peckham, 1883) – United States * ''

'' C. L. Koch, 1846 (United States, West Indies,

Easter Island Easter Island ( rap, Rapa Nui; es, Isla de Pascua) is an island and special territory of Chile in the southeastern Pacific Ocean, at the southeasternmost point of the Polynesian Triangle in Oceania. The island is most famous for its nearl ...

– introduced) * '' Phidippus richmani'' Edwards, 2004 – United States *'' Phidippus tenuis'' (Kraus, 1955) – El Salvador * '' Phidippus texanus'' Banks, 1906 – United States, Mexico * '' Phidippus tigris'' Edwards, 2004 – United States *'' Phidippus tirapensis'' Biswas & Biswas, 2006 – India * '' Phidippus toro'' Edwards, 1978 – United States, Mexico * '' Phidippus tux'' Pinter, 1970 – United States, Mexico * '' Phidippus tyrannus'' Edwards, 2004 – United States, Mexico * '' Phidippus tyrrelli'' Peckham & Peckham, 1901 – North America * '' Phidippus ursulus'' Edwards, 2004 – United States * '' Phidippus venus'' Edwards, 2004 – Mexico * '' Phidippus vexans'' Edwards, 2004 – United States * '' Phidippus whitmani'' Peckham & Peckham, 1909 – United States, Canada * ''

Phidippus workmani ''Phidippus workmani'' is a species of jumping spider found in the United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country Continental United States, primarily ...

'' Peckham & Peckham, 1901 – United States *'' Phidippus yashodharae'' Tikader, 1977 – India (Andaman Is.) *'' Phidippus zebrinus'' Mello-Leitão, 1945 – Argentina * '' Phidippus zethus'' Edwards, 2004 – Mexico

Misplaced species

In addition to the species above, several species have been misplaced in the genus (according to Edwards' revision) but have yet to be transferred to other genera. These include: * ''

'' Taczanowski, 1878 – Peru * ''

'' Caporiacco, 1947 – Guyana * '' Phidippus bengalensis'' Tikader, 1977 – India * '' Phidippus bhimrakshiti'' Gajbe, 2004 – India * '' Phidippus birabeni'' Mello-Leitão, 1944 – Argentina * '' Phidippus calcuttaensis'' Biswas, 1984 – India * '' Phidippus exlineae'' Caporiacco, 1955 – Venezuela * '' Phidippus guianensis'' Caporiacco, 1947 – Guyana * '' Phidippus hingstoni'' Mello-Leitão, 1948 – Guyana * '' Phidippus khandalaensis'' Tikader, 1977 – India * '' Phidippus majumderi'' Biswas, 1999 – Bangladesh * '' Phidippus punjabensis'' Tikader, 1974 – India * '' Phidippus tenuis'' Kraus, 1955 – El Salvador * '' Phidippus tirapensis'' Biswas & Biswas, 2006 – India * '' Phidippus yashodharae'' Tikader, 1977 – Andaman Is. * '' Phidippus zebrinus'' Mello-Leitão, 1945 – Argentina

References

Bibliography

* (1965): Observations on Three Species of ''Phidippus'' Jumping Spiders (Araneae: Salticidae). ''

Psyche Psyche (''Psyché'' in French) is the Greek term for "soul" (ψυχή). Psyche may also refer to: Psychology * Psyche (psychology), the totality of the human mind, conscious and unconscious * ''Psyche'', an 1846 book about the unconscious by Car ...

'' 72:133-14
PDF
(''P. californicus'' = ''P. coccineus'', ''P. apacheanus'', ''P. octopunctatus'' = ''P. opifex'') * (editors) (2005): Spiders of North America: An Identification Manual. ''American Arachnological Society'' * (2004): Revision of the jumping spiders of the genus ''Phidippus'' (Araneae: Salticidae). ''Occasional Papers of the Florida State Collection of Arthropods'' 11: i-viii, 1-156, 350 figs.

External links

Videos

* David Edwin Hill: Portrait of feeding female ''Phidippus audax'' �
Video
* David Edwin Hill: Variable female forms of the jumping spider ''Phidippus clarus'' �
Video

Pictures

* Awesome Spiders

* ttp://www.cirrusimage.com/spider_jumping_P_mystaceus.htm ''Phidippus mystaceus'' photographs, adult male specimenbr>''Phidippus princeps'' reference photographs

Picture of ''Phidippus'' species
(free for noncommercial use) {{Taxonbar, from=Q137284 Salticidae Spiders of North America Salticidae genera