Pereslavl

Pereslavl-Zalessky ( rus, Переславль-Залесский, p=pʲɪrʲɪˈslavlʲ zɐˈlʲɛskʲɪj, lit. ''Pereslavl beyond the woods''), also known as Pereyaslavl-Zalessky, is a town in Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, located on the main Moscow–Yaroslavl road and on the southeastern shore of Lake Pleshcheyevo at the mouth of the Trubezh River. Population:

Geography

Pereslavl-Zalessky is located in south of Yaroslavl Oblast, near a border with Moscow Oblast, northeast of Moscow, and southwest of Yaroslavl.

Climate

Climate of Pereslavl-Zalessky is humid continental: long, cold and snowy winters and short, warm and rainy summers. Average temperatures range from in January to in July.

History

Known as Pereyaslavl until the 15th century, it was founded in 1152 by George I of Vladimir as a projected capital of Zalesye. The inhabitants of the nearby town of Kleshchin were relocated to the new town.

Between 1175 and 1302, Pereslavl was the seat of a principality (not to be confused with the Principality of Pereyaslavl in modern-day Ukraine). In 1302, it became a part of the Grand Duchy of Moscow. Pereslavl-Zalessky was devastated numerous times by the Mongols between the mid-13th century and the early 15th century. In 1611–1612, it suffered from the Polish invasion.

In 1688–1693, Peter the Great built his famous "fun flotilla" on Lake Pleshcheyevo for his own amusement, including the so-called Peter's little boat, which would be considered the forefather of the Russian fleet. The ''Botik'' (small boat) museum chronicles the history of the first Russian fleet and keeps one of the original model boats.

In 1708, the town became a part of Moscow Governorate.Указ об учреждении губерний и о росписании к ним городов

Just before the Moscow Olympics in 1980, the city of Moscow rounded up a large number of people it considered 'undesirable', many thousands, and decreed that they must be moved at least 120 km from Moscow in order to improve the city's image. Pereslavl is approx 130 km from Moscow and as such the population of the town soared prior to the Olympics.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Pereslavl-Zalessky serves as the administrative center of Pereslavsky District, even though it is not a part of it.Law #12-z As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the town of oblast significance of Pereslavl-Zalessky—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the town of oblast significance of Pereslavl-Zalessky is incorporated as Pereslavl-Zalessky Urban Okrug.Law #65-z

Science and education

There is Institute for Program Systems of the Russian Academy of Sciences in the town. The University of Pereslavl is also based in the town.

Sights and architecture

The town is a part of the Golden Ring of Russia. Monuments of church architecture include six architecture complex convents and nine churches. Notable historic buildings are:
*white stone Savior's Cathedral (1152–1157)
*Church of Metropolitan Peter (1585)
*Troitse-Danilov Monastery (16th–18th centuries)
* Nikitsky Monastery (16th–19th centuries)
*Feodorovsky Monastery (16th–19th centuries)
*Goritsky Monastery (17th–18th centuries)

File:Ba-sovetskaa-10-2002-alexander.jpg, Sovetskaya Street
File:Pereslavl-Zalessky, Переславль-Залесский 3.jpg, St. Nicholas Monastery was built in the XIVth century
File:Pereslavl SpasoPreobrazhenskyCathedral.JPG, Savior's Cathedral (1152-1157)
File:Никитский-монастырь-шелапутин-2010-1053.jpg, Aeronautics festival over Nikitsky Monastery

;Museum and exhibits

*Museum-Preserve of Pereslavl-Zalessky (in Goritsky Monastery)
*Museum–Estate "The Little Boat of Peter the Great"
*The Pereslavl Arboretum
*Museum of Flat Irons
*The Museum of Kettles
*The Museum of Steam Engines

The Kleshchin complex, an archaeological monument, is located about from the town proper. The original earthworks (which are still quite substantial) from the defensive wall that circled the town originally are still here, it is possible to walk along these defensive structures. As are portions if the original road that was at its base.

The town sits on the banks of Lake Pleschayevo, a large lake that draws tourists throughout the season. Kite surfing is particularly popular, as is camping.

Notable people

*Nicetas Stylites, (??-1186) a 12th-century Russian saint who founded the Monastery of St. Nicetas
*Alexander Nevsky, (1221–1263) prince and saint.
*Pavel Kolendas, (1820-??) Russian portrait painter
*Dmitry Mirimanoff (1861–1945) mathematician, contributed to axiomatic set theory
*Dmitry Kardovsky, (1866–1943) an artist, illustrator and stage designer.
*Leonid Kurchevsky, (1890–1937 or 1939) a Russian/Soviet weapons designer.
*Mikhail Koshkin, (1898–1940) designed the T-34 tank
* Alexander Petrov, (born 1987) actor

References

Notes

Sources

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Further reading

Pereslavl-Zalessky. Materials for the History of the 17th and 18th centuries (1884)
(Переславль-Залесский. Материалы для истории города XVII и XVIII столетий) at Runivers.ru in DjVu and PDF formats

External links

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Audio guide to Pereslavl-Zalessky tourismpereslavl.ruPeter the Great's small boats
(PDF)
Guide to Golden Ring of Russia

{{Authority control

Pereslavsky Uyezd
1152 establishments in Europe
12th-century establishments in Russia
Golden Ring of Russia