Putrajaya (), officially the Federal Territory of Putrajaya ( ms, Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya), is a planned capital city which functions as the administrative capital and the judicial capital of

Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two r ...

. The

seat A seat is a place to sit. The term may encompass additional features, such as back, armrest, head restraint but also headquarters in a wider sense. Types of seat The following are examples of different kinds of seat: * Armchair (furniture), ...

of the

federal government of Malaysia The Government of Malaysia, officially the Federal Government of Malaysia ( ms, Kerajaan Persekutuan Malaysia), is based in the Federal Territory of Putrajaya with the exception of the legislative branch, which is located in Kuala Lumpur. Malays ...

was moved in 1999 from

Kuala Lumpur , anthem = '' Maju dan Sejahtera'' , image_map = , map_caption = , pushpin_map = Malaysia#Southeast Asia#Asia , pushpin_map_caption = , coordinates = , su ...

to Putrajaya because of overcrowding and congestion in the former, whilst the seat of the

judiciary of Malaysia Judiciary of Malaysia is largely centralised despite Malaysia's federal constitution, heavily influenced by the English common law, as well as Islamic jurisprudence. Current system There are generally two types of trials, criminal and ci ...

was later moved to Putrajaya in 2003. Kuala Lumpur remains as Malaysia's national

capital city A capital city or capital is the municipality holding primary status in a country, state, province, Department (country subdivision), department, or other subnational entity, usually as its seat of the government. A capital is typically a city ...

per the

constitution A constitution is the aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organisation or other type of Legal entity, entity and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed. When ...

and is still the seat of the head of state (Yang di-Pertuan Agong) and the national legislature (Parliament of Malaysia), as well as being the country's commercial and financial centre. The establishment of Putrajaya was the idea of the then-Prime Minister

Mahathir Mohamad Mahathir bin Mohamad ( ms, محاضير بن محمد, label= Jawi, script=arab, italic=unset; ; born 10 July 1925) is a Malaysian politician, author, and physician who served as the 4th and 7th Prime Minister of Malaysia. He held the office ...

. The development of Putrajaya began in August 1995 and it was completed at an estimated cost of US$8.1 billion. On February 1, 2001, Putrajaya became Malaysia's third

federal territory A federal territory is an administrative division under the direct and usually exclusive jurisdiction of a federation's national government. A federal territory is a part of a federation, but not a part of any federated state. The states constit ...

, after Kuala Lumpur in 1974 and

Labuan Labuan (), officially the Federal Territory of Labuan ( ms, Wilayah Persekutuan Labuan), is a Federal Territory of Malaysia. Its territory includes and six smaller islands, off the coast of the state of Sabah in East Malaysia. Labuan's capit ...

in 1984. Putrajaya is also a part of

MSC Malaysia MSC Malaysia (formerly known as the Multimedia Super Corridor, and known as the MSC in Malaysia) is a Special Economic Zone and high-technology business district in central-southern Selangor, Malaysia. Geographical definition The MSC's northern ...

, a

special economic zone A special economic zone (SEZ) is an area in which the business and trade laws are different from the rest of the country. SEZs are located within a country's national borders, and their aims include increasing trade balance, employment, increas ...

that covers

Klang Valley Klang Valley ( ms, Lembah Klang; zh, 巴生谷; ) is an urban conglomeration in Malaysia that is centered in the federal territories of Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya, and includes its adjoining cities and towns in the state of Selangor. It is con ...

Etymology

Putrajaya was named after the first

Prime Minister of Malaysia The prime minister of Malaysia ( ms, Perdana Menteri Malaysia; ms, ڤردان منتري مليسيا, label= Jawi, script=arab, italic=unset) is the head of government of Malaysia. The prime minister directs the executive branch of the fede ...

Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj ibni Almarhum Sultan Abdul Hamid Halim Shah ( ms, ‏تونكو عبد الرحمن ڤوترا الحاج ابن سلطان عبد الحميد حليم شاه, label= Jawi, script=arab, italic=unset; 8 Febru ...

; the territory is entirely

enclaved An enclave is a territory (or a small territory apart of a larger one) that is entirely surrounded by the territory of one other state or entity. Enclaves may also exist within territorial waters. ''Enclave'' is sometimes used improperly to deno ...

within the

Sepang District The Sepang District is a district located in the southern part of the state of Selangor in Malaysia. Sepang District covers an area of around 600 square kilometres, and had a population of 190,889 in the 2010 Census (excluding foreigners). The ...

of the state of

Selangor Selangor (; ), also known by its Arabic language, Arabic honorific Darul Ehsan, or "Abode of Sincerity", is one of the 13 Malaysian states. It is on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia and is bordered by Perak to the north, Pahang to the east ...

. The etymology of the city is derived from the

Sanskrit language Sanskrit (; attributively , ; nominally , , ) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in South Asia after its predecessor languages had diffused there from the northwest in the lat ...

, which was then adopted into

Malay Malay may refer to: Languages * Malay language or Bahasa Melayu, a major Austronesian language spoken in Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei and Singapore ** History of the Malay language, the Malay language from the 4th to the 14th century ** Indonesi ...

; "putra" (पुत्र) means son and "jaya" (जया) means "success" or "victory"; hence Putrajaya means victorious men or people.

History and design

''Prang Besar'' (Jawi: , alternately ''Perang Besar'' (

for "Great War"), was founded in 1921 on land that was jungle, as a

rubber plantation A plantation is an agricultural estate, generally centered on a plantation house, meant for farming that specializes in cash crops, usually mainly planted with a single crop, with perhaps ancillary areas for vegetables for eating and so on. The ...

by British veterans of

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

, hence the name. Its land area of expanded to , and it was merged with surrounding estates, including Estet Raja Alang, Estet Galloway and Estet Bukit Prang. Until 1975, what is today Putrajaya, along with adjacent

Cyberjaya Cyberjaya (a portmanteau of ''cyber'' and ''Putrajaya'') is a city with a science park as the core that forms a key part of the Multimedia Super Corridor in Malaysia. It is located in Sepang District, Selangor. Cyberjaya is adjacent to, and deve ...

, was under the administration of Hulu Langat (Kajang) district. The vision of a new Federal Government Administrative Centre to replace Kuala Lumpur as the administrative capital emerged in the late 1980s, during the tenure of Malaysia's fourth prime minister,

Mahathir bin Mohamad Mahathir bin Mohamad ( ms, محاضير بن محمد, label= Jawi, script=arab, italic=unset; ; born 10 July 1925) is a Malaysian politician, author, and physician who served as the 4th and 7th Prime Minister of Malaysia. He held the office ...

. A new city adjacent to Kuala Lumpur was envisioned, where the government would systematically locate its government offices within an efficient administrative hub; as opposed to the past where government offices were previously scattered across the congested Kuala Lumpur. The new city was proposed to be located between Kuala Lumpur and the new

Kuala Lumpur International Airport Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA) is Malaysia's main international airport. It is located in the Sepang District of Selangor, approximately south of Kuala Lumpur and serves the city's greater conurbation. KLIA is the largest and b ...

(KLIA). Two areas were proposed: Prang Besar and

Janda Baik Janda Baik (Bentong Malay: ''Jando Baék)'' is a village in Bentong District, Pahang, Malaysia. It is about 45 km from Kuala Lumpur and 800 m above sea level. It was estimated to have a population of around 2,820 in 2019. Janda Baik was fir ...

Pahang Pahang (;Jawi alphabet, Jawi: , Pahang Hulu Malay: ''Paha'', Pahang Hilir Malay: ''Pahaeng'', Ulu Tembeling Malay: ''Pahaq)'' officially Pahang Darul Makmur with the Arabic honorific ''Darul Makmur'' (Jawi: , "The Abode of Tranquility") is a ...

. The new name was chosen for the site. The federal government negotiated with the state of Selangor on the prospect of another federal territory. In the mid-1990s, the federal government paid a substantial amount of money to Selangor for approximately of land in Prang Besar, Selangor. As a result of this land purchase, Selangor now surrounds two federal territories within its borders: Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya. Planned as a garden city and intelligent city, 38% of the area is green spaces in which the natural landscape is enhanced. The plan incorporated a network of open spaces and wide boulevards. Construction began in August 1995; it was Malaysia's biggest project and one of Southeast Asia's largest, with an estimated final cost of US$8.1 billion. The entire project was designed and constructed by Malaysian companies, with only 10% imported materials. The

Asian Financial Crisis The Asian financial crisis was a period of financial crisis that gripped much of East Asia and Southeast Asia beginning in July 1997 and raised fears of a worldwide economic meltdown due to financial contagion. However, the recovery in 1998–1 ...

of 1997/1998 somewhat slowed the development of Putrajaya. 300 members of the Prime Minister's office staff moved there in 1999, and the remaining government servants moved in 2005. On 1 February 2001, the city was formally transferred to the federal government and declared Malaysia's third federal territory. In 2002, a rail line called

KLIA Transit The ERL KLIA Transit is a commuter rail service which serves as an airport rail link to the Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA) in Malaysia. It runs from KL Sentral, the main railway station of Kuala Lumpur to KLIA as well as its low-cos ...

was opened, linking Putrajaya to KLIA in

Sepang Pekan Sepang is a small border town and also a mukim in Sepang District, Selangor, Malaysia. The Sepang International Circuit in the western part of the town, where the Malaysian F1 Grand Prix was and Malaysian MotoGP Grand Prix is held. Mal ...

. The construction of the

Putrajaya Monorail The Putrajaya Monorail is an incomplete monorail system in Putrajaya, Malaysia. Construction has been stalled since 2004, but in 2020, it was stated that the system would be completed by 2025. Putrajaya was originally planned to include a ligh ...

, which was intended to be the city's metro system, was suspended owing to high costs. One of the monorail suspension bridges in Putrajaya remains unused. In April 2013, the Putrajaya government signed a letter of intent (LOI) with the government of

Sejong City Sejong (; ), officially the Sejong Special Self-Governing City (), is a special self-governing city and ''de facto'' administrative capital of South Korea. Sejong was founded in 2007 as the new planned capital of South Korea from many parts of ...

in South Korea to mark co-operation between the two cities.

Government and politics

all of Malaysia's governmental ministries had relocated to Putrajaya. Government ministries and bodies remaining in Kuala Lumpur include the

Ministry of International Trade and Industry The was a ministry of the Government of Japan from 1949 to 2001. The MITI was one of the most powerful government agencies in Japan and, at the height of its influence, effectively ran much of Japanese industrial policy, funding research and di ...

(MITI),

Ministry of Defence {{unsourced, date=February 2021 A ministry of defence or defense (see spelling differences), also known as a department of defence or defense, is an often-used name for the part of a government responsible for matters of defence, found in states ...

(MINDEF) and Ministry of Works (KKR), as well as

Bank Negara Malaysia The Central Bank of Malaysia (BNM; ms, Bank Negara Malaysia) is the Malaysian central bank. Established on 26 January 1959 as the Central Bank of Malaya (''Bank Negara Tanah Melayu''), its main purpose is to issue currency, act as banker and ad ...

and

Royal Malaysian Police The Royal Malaysia Police (often abbreviated RMP) ( ms, Polis Diraja Malaysia (PDRM)), is a (primarily) uniformed national and federal police force in Malaysia. The force is a centralised organisation. Its headquarters are located at Bukit Aman ...

. The

Parliament of Malaysia The Parliament of Malaysia ( ms, Parlimen Malaysia) is the national legislature of Malaysia, based on the Westminster system. The bicameral parliament consists of the Dewan Rakyat (House of Representatives, Literal translation, lit. "People's A ...

also remained in Kuala Lumpur, as well as the

Yang di-Pertuan Agong The Yang di-Pertuan Agong (, Jawi: ), also known as the Supreme Head of the Federation, the Paramount Ruler or simply as the Agong, and unofficially as the King of Malaysia, is the constitutional monarch and head of state of Malaysia. The of ...

(King) of Malaysia. Foreign embassies and missions except Brunei still remain in Kuala Lumpur. The local government in Putrajaya is the responsibility of the

Putrajaya Corporation Perbadanan Putrajaya (PPj) or Putrajaya Corporation (PjC) is a local authority that administers the Federal Territory of Putrajaya and is under the Federal Territories Ministry of Malaysia. Founded in 1995, the corporation is responsible for pu ...

(''Perbadanan Putrajaya''), a unique local authority. Previously it was administered by the Sepang District Council. Putrajaya is represented in the

by one elected MP in the

Dewan Rakyat The Dewan Rakyat (English: 'House of Representatives'; ) is the lower house of the bicameral Parliament, the federal legislature of Malaysia. The chamber and its powers are established by Article 44 of the Constitution of Malaysia. The Dewan Ra ...

, under the seat of

Putrajaya Putrajaya (), officially the Federal Territory of Putrajaya ( ms, Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya), is a planned capital city which functions as the administrative capital and the judicial capital of Malaysia. The seat of the federal government ...

, as well as one appointed senator in the

Dewan Negara The Dewan Negara (English language, English: Senate; Literal translation, lit. "State Council") is the upper house of the Parliament of Malaysia, consisting of 70 senators of whom 26 are elected by the State legislative assemblies of Malaysia, ...

. As with the other federal territories of Malaysia, Putrajaya does not have a territorial legislature.

Demographics

Population

In 2007 the population of Putrajaya was estimated to be over 30,000, which comprised mainly government servants. Government public servants have been encouraged to relocate to the city through various government subsidy and loan programs. The population had increased to 88,300 by 2015.

Religious demography

, the population of Putrajaya is 97.2%

Muslim Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abrah ...

, 1.1%

Hindu Hindus (; ) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism.Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pages 35–37 Historically, the term has also been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for ...

, 0.8%

Christian Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...

, 0.5%

Buddhist Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. It originated in northern India as a -movement in the 5th century BCE, and ...

, 0.4% unknown and 0.1% other religions. The

Malaysian constitution The Federal Constitution of Malaysia ( ms, Perlembagaan Persekutuan Malaysia) which was promulgated on 16 September 1963, is the supreme law of Malaysia and contains a total of 183 articles. It is a written legal document which was preceded ...

strictly defines what makes a "Malay" as an individual who professes Islam, speak Malay regularly, practises Malay customs, and has lived in or has ancestors from

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...

Brunei Brunei ( , ), formally Brunei Darussalam ( ms, Negara Brunei Darussalam, Jawi alphabet, Jawi: , ), is a country located on the north coast of the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia. Apart from its South China Sea coast, it is completely sur ...

, and

Singapore Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It lies about one degree of latitude () north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, borde ...

Infrastructure

Most of the infrastructures in Putrajaya adopt Middle-Eastern architectural designs, which symbolises Malaysian Islamic Identity.

Government complexes

Perdana Putra The Perdana Putra is a building in Putrajaya, Malaysia which houses the office complex of the Prime Minister of Malaysia. Located on the main hill in Putrajaya, it has become synonymous with the executive branch of the Malaysian federal governmen ...

– Prime Minister's office *

Seri Perdana Seri Perdana is the official residence of the Prime Minister of Malaysia, located in Putrajaya, Malaysia. History Construction began in 1997 and was completed in 1999. The building shares similar architecture with Perdana Putra. The first resi ...

– The official residence of the Prime Minister *Seri Satria – The official residence of the Deputy Prime Minister * Palace of Justice – The seat of the national judiciary ( Federal Court and the

Court of Appeals A court of appeals, also called a court of appeal, appellate court, appeal court, court of second instance or second instance court, is any court of law that is empowered to hear an appeal of a trial court or other lower tribunal. In much of t ...

) *

Ministry of Finance A ministry of finance is a part of the government in most countries that is responsible for matters related to the finance. Lists of current ministries of finance Named "Ministry" * Ministry of Finance (Afghanistan) * Ministry of Finance and Eco ...

Wisma Putra ''Wisma Putra'' is a metonym for the Malaysian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. It is also the name of the RM170 million Ministry of Foreign Affairs complex located at the country's administrative capital, Putrajaya. The name ''Wisma Putra'' was ...

–

Ministry of Foreign Affairs In many countries, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs is the government department responsible for the state's diplomacy, bilateral, and multilateral relations affairs as well as for providing support for a country's citizens who are abroad. The entit ...

Istana Melawati Istana Melawati is the second national palace of Malaysia's Yang di-Pertuan Agong in Putrajaya after the Istana Negara in Kuala Lumpur. It serves as a royal retreat for the Yang di-Pertuan Agong. History The Melawati Palace is located in Pre ...

- Palace of the

Istana Darul Ehsan Istana Darul Ehsan ( en, Abode of Sincerity Palace), located in Putrajaya, Malaysia, is one of the royal residences of the Sultan of Selangor (Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah). Constructed on 20th Nov 2000, this huge grey mansion beside Putraja ...

- Palace of the

Sultan of Selangor Sultan of Selangor (سلطان سلاڠور) is the title of the constitutional ruler of Selangor, Malaysia who is the head of state and head of the Islamic religion in Selangor. The current monarch, Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah ascended the t ...

Putrajaya International Convention Centre The Putrajaya International Convention Centre (PICC; ms, Pusat Konvensyen Antarabangsa Putrajaya) is the main convention centre of the Federal Territory of Putrajaya. PICC rises majestically from the top of Putrajaya's highest point in Precin ...

Perdana Leadership Foundation Perdana Leadership Foundation ( ms, Yayasan Kepimpinan Perdana) is a foundation established to preserve, research and disseminate information on the past Prime Ministers of Malaysia. The foundation's main aim is to increase awareness of Malaysia's ...

Infrastructure and places of worship

*Alamanda Putrajaya Shopping Centre - the only shopping mall within Putrajaya *Heritage Square *

Square *Selera Putra *Souq Putrajaya *Pusat Kejiranan Presint 9 *Pusat Kejiranan Presint 16 *

Putra Mosque The Putra Mosque ( ms, Masjid Putra) is the principal mosque of Putrajaya, Malaysia. Construction of the mosque began in 1997 and was completed two years later. It is located on Putra Square and is adjacent to man-made Putrajaya Lake. The pin ...

Tuanku Mizan Zainal Abidin Mosque The Tuanku Mizan Zainal Abidin Mosque ( ms, Masjid Tuanku Mizan Zainal Abidin) or the Iron Mosque ( ms, Masjid Besi) is the second principal mosque in Putrajaya, Malaysia after Putra Mosque. It is located in Putrajaya's Precinct 3, opposite the ...

*PUSPANITAPURI (Persatuan Kesejahteraan Rakyat Malaysia)

Monuments

Putrajaya Landmark The Putrajaya Landmark or Mercu Tanda Putrajaya is the first landmark in Putrajaya where the site of federal administrative centre was established here in 1995. It is located in Putra Perdana Park (which happens to be the highest point in Precinc ...

* Millennium Monument *

National Heroes Square National Heroes Square, formerly Trafalgar Square, is located in Bridgetown, the capital and principal commercial centre of the island-nation of Barbados. The square lies along Upper Broad Street and is on the northern shore of the Careenage ("C ...

Open spaces

Putrajaya Lake The Putrajaya Lake ( ms, Tasik Putrajaya) is a lake located at the centre of Putrajaya, Malaysia, roughly 33 kilometres south of Kuala Lumpur. This 650-hectare man-made lake is designed to act as a natural cooling system for the city and also fo ...

Putra Square The Putra Square () is a city square in Presint 1, Putrajaya, Malaysia. The square has been used for festivals such as the Malaysian Independence Day parade. The 300 meter circular Putra Square is bounded by Perdana Putra, Putra Mosque, Putra B ...

* Putrajaya Wetlands Park *

Taman Selatan Taman Selatan or Southern Park is a cemetery in Precinct 20, Putrajaya, Malaysia. It is analogous to Arlington National Cemetery in Washington DC, United States. Features It is located at Precinct 20 and it occupies 192.38 hectares. The site has ...

* Putrajaya Botanical Gardens – The biggest botanical garden in Malaysia, covering an area over 92 hectares

Educational institutions

Kindergarten and Pre-School
Brainy Bunch International Montessori
(Presint 14) Primary & Secondary Education in Putrajaya is provided by a few schools such as: *SK Putrajaya Presint 5 (1) *SK Putrajaya Presint 8 (1) *SK Putrajaya Presint 8 (2) *SK Putrajaya Presint 9 (1) *SK Putrajaya Presint 9 (2) *SK Putrajaya Presint 11 (1) *SK Putrajaya Presint 11 (2) *SK Putrajaya Presint 11 (3) *SK Putrajaya Presint 14 (1) *SK Putrajaya Presint 16 (1) *SK Putrajaya Presint 16 (2) *SK Putrajaya Presint 17 (1) *SK Putrajaya Presint 18 (1) *SK Putrajaya Presint 18 (2) *SMK Putrajaya Presint 5 (1) * SMK Putrajaya Presint 8 (1) * SMK Putrajaya Presint 9 * SMK Putrajaya Presint 9 (2) *SMK Putrajaya Presint 11 (1) *SMK Putrajaya Presint 11 (2) *SMK Putrajaya Presint 14 (1) *SMK Putrajaya Presint 16 (1) *SMK Putrajaya Presint 18 (1) There are also two elite fully residential schools in Putrajaya: *

Sekolah Sultan Alam Shah Sultan Alam Shah School or simply Alam Shah (abbreviated as SAS or SSAS; Malay: Sekolah Sultan Alam Shah) is a fully residential school situated in Putrajaya, Malaysia. Sultan Alam Shah School is one of the schools in the country awarded wit ...

*Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Agama Putrajaya (SMAPUTRA) Other universities: * Heriot-Watt University Malaysia has a campus in Precinct 5. International Schools * Nexus International School, Presint 15. * The International Modern Arabic School, Presint 14.

Transport

Putrajaya is home to the world's largest roundabout, the Persiaran Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah with a perimeter of 3.5 km. (2.7 miles)

By car

Major highways

Putrajaya is surrounded by federal highways 29 on the western side and 30 on the eastern side. The

South Klang Valley Expressway The South Klang Valley Expressway, or SKVE (Malay: ''Lebuhraya Lembah Klang Selatan''), is an expressway in the southern part of Klang Valley, Malaysia's most densely populated region. This dual-carriageway provides links to the booming towns in ...

E26, connecting

Pulau Indah Pulau Indah ("Beautiful Island", formerly known as ''Pulau Lumut'') is an island in Klang District, Selangor, Malaysia with a population of around 20,000 people overall. Malaysia's largest port, West Port, Port Klang, is on the island. There ar ...

Kajang Kajang is a town in Hulu Langat District, Selangor, Malaysia. Kajang, along with much of Hulu Langat District, is governed by the Kajang Municipal Council. Kajang town is located on the eastern banks of the Langat River. It is surrounded by ...

, runs through the northern end of Putrajaya.

ELITE In political and sociological theory, the elite (french: élite, from la, eligere, to select or to sort out) are a small group of powerful people who hold a disproportionate amount of wealth, privilege, political power, or skill in a group. D ...

E6 exit 607 serves Putrajaya and also nearby

. Highway 29 interchanges with

Damansara–Puchong Expressway The Damansara–Puchong Expressway ( Malay: ''Lebuhraya Damansara–Puchong'') , abbreviated as LDP, is a major controlled-access highway in the Petaling District of Selangor, Malaysia. The expressway runs in a north–south direction between ...

(LDP) E11 in the northwestern corner of Putrajaya, linking the city with

Puchong Puchong is a major town and a parliamentary constituency in Petaling District, Selangor, Malaysia. It is bordered by Subang Jaya in the north, Sepang and Putrajaya in the south, Serdang in the east and Putra Heights in the west. History The ...

Subang Jaya Subang Jaya is a city in Petaling District, Selangor, Malaysia. It comprises the southern third district of Petaling. It consists of the neighbourhoods from SS12 to SS19, UEP Subang Jaya (USJ), Putra Heights, Batu Tiga as well as PJS7, PJS9 ...

Kelana Jaya Kelana Jaya is a suburb of Petaling Jaya city, in the state of Selangor, Malaysia, comprising sections SS3, SS4, SS5, SS6, and SS7. The Damansara–Puchong Expressway cuts through this neighbourhood. The shopping mall Paradigm Mall is located here ...

and to

Kepong Kepong is a town in northern Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The name is a Malay word meaning "Enclose" or "Surround", as the town is surrounded by a mountain range. Places of interest * FRIM Kepong (Forest Research Institute Malaysia) * Temasek Pewt ...

. Within Putrajaya, the following roads serve as the main thoroughfares of the city. * Persiaran Persekutuan * Persiaran Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah (The world's largest roundabout with a diameter of 3.5 km (2.2 miles)) * Persiaran Utara *

Lebuh Sentosa Lebuh Sentosa is a major highway in Putrajaya, Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three fede ...

*Persiaran Barat * Persiaran Selatan *

Persiaran Timur Persiaran Timur is a major highway in Putrajaya, Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three fed ...

* Persiaran Perdana (Boulevard)

List of road bridges

Jambatan Seri Wawasan 4493633704 3cbff54de1

Seri Perdana Bridge The Seri Perdana Bridge ( ms, Jambatan Seri Perdana) is a bridge which is built across the Putrajaya Lake in Putrajaya, Malaysia's federal administrative centre. It is based on royal Islamic architectural design. This bridge contains eight u ...

Putra Bridge Putra Bridge is the main bridge in Putrajaya, Malaysia. It is analogous to Khaju Bridge in Esfahan, Iran. With a span of 435 metres, this bridge connects the Government Precinct to the Mixed Development Precinct and links Putra Square with the Bou ...

Seri Wawasan Bridge The Seri Wawasan Bridge is one of the main bridges in the planned city Putrajaya, the new (2001) Malaysian federal territory and administrative centre. This futuristic asymmetric cable-stayed bridge with a forward-inclined pylon has a sailing ship ...

Seri Bakti Bridge The Seri Bakti Bridge ( ms, Jambatan Seri Bakti) is one of the main bridges in Putrajaya, Malaysia. The bridge links the secondary road to Seri Satria, the Deputy Prime Minister's Residence, connecting the Government Precinct in the north to Pr ...

Seri Saujana Bridge The Seri Saujana Bridge is a main bridge in the planned city Putrajaya, the new (2001) Malaysian federal territory and administrative centre. The bridge's design is a unique combination of a symmetric cable-stayed structure and a through-arch bri ...

Seri Bestari Bridge The Seri Bestari Bridge ( ms, Jambatan Seri Bestari) is a large arch bridge in Putrajaya, Malaysia. The eastern end of the bridge starts in Precinct 16 and the western end starts near Wisma Putra on Core Island. The bridge has a total length of ...

Seri Setia Bridge Seri Setia Bridge is a main bridge in Putrajaya, Malaysia. The Seri Setia Bridge is located in the southeastern corner of Putrajaya, providing a vital link between Precinct 19 and the Commercial Precinct and the main route to the core island fro ...

Seri Gemilang Bridge Seri Gemilang Bridge is a ceremonial bridge in Putrajaya, Malaysia. It connects Heritage Square with Putrajaya Convention Centre. The bridge has a main span 120 metres (394 ft) long, with a 60-metre (197 ft) span at each end, for a total ...

Public transport

Rail

The only direct rail connection to Putrajaya is the

line through the Putrajaya & Cyberjaya station within the Putrajaya Sentral transportation hub, which connects to

KL Sentral Kuala Lumpur Sentral Station (KL Sentral) is a transit-oriented development that houses the main railway station of Kuala Lumpur, the capital of Malaysia. Opened on 16 April 2001, KL Sentral replaced the old Kuala Lumpur railway station as the ...

Bandar Tasik Selatan Bandar Tasik Selatan () (English: South Lake City) is a township in Sungai Besi, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It was established in 1991. Transportation Bandar Tasik Selatan is notable for the coterminous Bandar Tasik Selatan railway station, which ...

Salak Tinggi Salak Tinggi (Jawi alphabet, Jawi: سالق تيڠڬي; ) is a town in Sepang District, Selangor, Malaysia. Located about 9 km north of the Kuala Lumpur International Airport, it is the seat of the Sepang district's administration. Due to its p ...

KLIA Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA) is Malaysia's main international airport. It is located in the Sepang District of Selangor, approximately south of Kuala Lumpur and serves the city's greater conurbation. KLIA is the largest and b ...

and

klia2 Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA) is Malaysia's main international airport. It is located in the Sepang District of Selangor, approximately south of Kuala Lumpur and serves the city's greater conurbation. KLIA is the largest and b ...

. The

MRT Putrajaya Line The MRT Putrajaya Line is the second Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) line in Klang Valley, Malaysia, and the third fully automated and driverless rail system in region. The line stretches from to Putrajaya and runs through densely populated areas ...

scheduled for completion in 2022/2023, will terminate at Putrajaya Sentral. The proposed

Kuala Lumpur–Singapore High Speed Rail Kuala is a town and administrative district of Langkat Regency in northern Sumatra, Indonesia. It borders Selesai to the north, Salapian to the west, and Sei Bingai to the south and east. Most people in Kuala are Javanese people, with a signi ...

will also connect to Putrajaya along the route from Kuala Lumpur to Singapore but will be located near the borders of Putrajaya, in nearby Presint 14. Around 2003, plans for a monorail in Putrajaya were under construction but were halted due to low population. However, plans to revive the construction of the

, with proposed connections to

Bandar Baru Bangi Bandar Baru Bangi (literal translation: ''Bangi New Town'') is a township situated in Hulu Langat District, in southeastern Selangor, Malaysia. It is named after the small town of Bangi situated further south. It is located between Kajang and P ...

and

, are currently underway.

Buses

provides its own stage bus services through its subsidiary ''

Nadi Putra Pengangkutan Awam Putrajaya Travel & Tours Sdn Bhd dba Nadi Putra is the city bus operator in Putrajaya, the administrative capital of Malaysia, mainly serving Putrajaya city and nearby resident areas. Originally established as an agency of Putr ...

'' using natural gas-powered buses and a few

electric bus An electric bus is a bus that is propelled using electric motors as opposed to an internal combustion engine. Electric buses can store the needed electricity on-board, or be fed continuously from an external source. The majority of buses s ...

es. The bus service serves the entirety of Putrajaya as well as Cyberjaya and provides express bus routes to Kuala Lumpur through Puduraya and a few other nearby cities from its hubs at

Putrajaya Sentral ta, புத்ராஜெயா செண்ட்ரல் , address = Presint 7, Putrajaya , borough = , country = Malaysia , coordinates = , grid_name = , grid_position ...

, and P&R Presint 14. Bus stops in Putrajaya are very common too and serves

Rapid KL Rapid KL (styled as ''rapidKL'') is a public transportation system owned by Prasarana Malaysia and operated by its subsidiaries Rapid Rail and Rapid Bus. With its coverage throughout Kuala Lumpur and Klang Valley areas, it was followed by a ...

Causeway Link Causeway Link (service brands) operated by Handal Indah Sdn Bhd is a public bus operator in Johor Bahru, Malaysia. It operates cross-border services into Singapore via the Johor–Singapore Causeway and Malaysia–Singapore Second Link. They al ...

and Cityliner also provides bus services to other areas from

Putrajaya Sentral ta, புத்ராஜெயா செண்ட்ரல் , address = Presint 7, Putrajaya , borough = , country = Malaysia , coordinates = , grid_name = , grid_position ...

such as

Banting Banting is a town and the seat of Kuala Langat District, Selangor, Malaysia. Banting has a population of 93,497. The postal code for Banting is 42700 and is administered by the Zone of 15 and 19 of the Kuala Langat Municipal Council. It is situa ...

Bandar Utama Bandar Utama Damansara is a residential township located within the Sungai Buloh mukim (subdivision) of the Petaling District, Selangor, Malaysia. It is a residential suburb and home to the popular 1 Utama Shopping Centre. Bandar Utama Damansar ...

and

Petaling Jaya ) , website = , image_skyline = , image_caption = ''From top, left to right:Skyline of Petaling Jaya, the 1 Utama Mall integrated with Bandar Utama Station, the Kota Darul Ehsan arch, the Petaling J ...

. Intercity buses also serve bus routes from Putrajaya Sentral to the northern states.

International relations

Twin towns and sister cities

Putrajaya is twinned with these cities: *

, Malaysia *

Astana Astana, previously known as Akmolinsk, Tselinograd, Akmola, and most recently Nur-Sultan, is the capital city of Kazakhstan. The city lies on the banks of the Ishim (river), Ishim River in the north-central part of Kazakhstan, within the Akmo ...

, Kazakhstan *

, South Korea

Climate

Putrajaya has a

tropical rainforest climate A tropical rainforest climate, humid tropical climate or equatorial climate is a tropical climate sub-type usually found within 10 to 15 degrees latitude of the equator. There are some other areas at higher latitudes, such as the coast of southea ...

(Af) with heavy rainfall year-round and high temperatures throughout the year. Typical cities, towns, and other geographical regions with this climate, Putrajaya does not have a true

dry season The dry season is a yearly period of low rainfall, especially in the tropics. The weather in the tropics is dominated by the tropical rain belt, which moves from the northern to the southern tropics and back over the course of the year. The te ...

. The average temperature in Putrajaya is 27.1 °C, which is measured at approximately 80.8 °F. Over the course of a yearly period, the rainfall averages 2307 mm in Putrajaya, which is approximately 90.8 inches.

Image gallery

File:Putrajaya, Malaysia 2013.JPG, Aerial Photograph - Oct 2013 File:Perdana Putra Putrajaya Dec 2006 003.jpg, The Prime Minister's office at

File:Putrajaya Malaysia Perbadanan-Putrajaya-01.jpg, Perbadanan government complex File:MOF Putrajaya closeup.jpg, The Ministry of Finance complex File:Palace of Justice Putrajaya Dec 2006 003.jpg, Istana Kehakiman File:Putrajaya Walk tilt shift.jpg, Putrajaya Walk File:Putrajaya Night Mosque PM Office.JPG, PM Office and Putra Mosque at night File:Interior Sri Wawasan Bridge.jpg, Interior view of the

File:Masjid Putrajaya.jpg, Putra Mosque with the Prime Minister's office in the background File:2009-08-18-Putrajaya-Seri-Saujana.jpg,

at night File:Pullman putrajaya003.jpg, Pullman Putrajaya Lakeside Hotel File:Putrajaya-fancy-streetlamp.jpg, Modern architecture includes streetlamps File:Putrajaya Malaysia PICC-01.jpg, Putrajaya International Convention Centre (PICC) File:Putrajaya Malaysia Ministry-of-Health-Training-Management-Division-01.jpg, Ministry of Health Building File:Putrajaya Malaysia Seri-Gemilang-Bridge-02.jpg, Highrises in Precinct 4 File:Putrajaya Malaysia Ministry-of-Agriculture-and-Agro-based-Industries-04.jpg, Ministry of Agriculture and Agro Based Industry Building

References

;Citations ;General *

External links

* *
Tourism Malaysia – Putrajaya

written and maintained by locals
State Development Office
– State Development Office Wilayah Persekutuan
How to get to Putrajaya from Kuala Lumpur
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KLSentral.info
{{Authority control Federal Territories in Malaysia Peninsular Malaysia MSC Malaysia Planned capitals Planned cities in Malaysia Suburbs in Kuala Lumpur Enclaves and exclaves Populated places established in 1995 1995 establishments in Malaysia Cities in Malaysia

Etymology

History and design

Government and politics

Demographics

Population

Religious demography

Infrastructure

Government complexes

Infrastructure and places of worship

Monuments

Open spaces

Educational institutions

Transport

By car

Major highways

List of road bridges

Public transport

Rail

Buses

International relations

Twin towns and sister cities

Climate

Image gallery

See also

References

Further reading

External links