Passamaquoddy Indian Township Reservation ( Maliseet-Passamaquoddy: ''Motahkomikuk'') is one of two Indian reservations of the federally recognized

Passamaquoddy The Passamaquoddy ( Maliseet-Passamaquoddy: ''Peskotomuhkati'') are a Native American/First Nations people who live in northeastern North America. Their traditional homeland, Peskotomuhkatik'','' straddles the Canadian province of New Brunswick ...

tribe in Washington County,

Maine Maine () is a state in the New England and Northeastern regions of the United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Quebec to the northeast and north ...

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. The population was 760 at the 2020 census. Most of the 2,500 members of the tribe in the United States live in other parts of Maine. The reservation is located about 13 miles west-northwest of the city of

Calais Calais ( , , traditionally , ) is a port city in the Pas-de-Calais department, of which it is a subprefecture. Although Calais is by far the largest city in Pas-de-Calais, the department's prefecture is its third-largest city of Arras. Th ...

. The Passamaquoddy also reside on the Pleasant Point Reservation.

Geography

According to the

United States Census Bureau The United States Census Bureau (USCB), officially the Bureau of the Census, is a principal agency of the U.S. Federal Statistical System, responsible for producing data about the American people and economy. The Census Bureau is part of the ...

, the Indian Township reservation has a total area of 112.5 km² (43.4 mi²). 97.0 km² (37.5 mi²) of it is land and 15.5 km² (6.0 mi²) of it (13.77%) is water.

Demographics

As of the

census A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring, recording and calculating information about the members of a given population. This term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common censuses incl ...

of 2000, there were 676 people, 232 households, and 164 families residing in the Indian reservation. The

population density Population density (in agriculture: standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geographical term.Matt RosenberPopul ...

was 18.1/mi² (7.0/km²). There were 261 housing units at an average density of 7.0/mi² (2.7/km²). The racial makeup of the Indian reservation was 11.54%

White White is the lightest color and is achromatic (having no hue). It is the color of objects such as snow, chalk, and milk, and is the opposite of black. White objects fully reflect and scatter all the visible wavelengths of light. White on ...

, 83.43% Native American, and 5.03% from two or more races.

Hispanic The term ''Hispanic'' ( es, hispano) refers to people, Spanish culture, cultures, or countries related to Spain, the Spanish language, or Hispanidad. The term commonly applies to countries with a cultural and historical link to Spain and to Vic ...

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of any race were 0.74% of the population. There were 232 households, out of which 48.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.8% were

married couples Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a culturally and often legally recognized union between people called spouses. It establishes rights and obligations between them, as well as between them and their children, and between t ...

living together, 23.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.9% were non-families. 25.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.91 and the average family size was 3.40. In the Indian reservation the population was spread out, with 40.5% under the age of 18, 9.8% from 18 to 24, 30.2% from 25 to 44, 14.3% from 45 to 64, and 5.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 25 years. For every 100 females there were 107.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.1 males. The median income for a household in the Indian reservation was $23,125, and the median income for a family was $28,654. Males had a median income of $21,696 versus $24,271 for females. The

per capita income Per capita income (PCI) or total income measures the average income earned per person in a given area (city, region, country, etc.) in a specified year. It is calculated by dividing the area's total income by its total population. Per capita i ...

for the Indian reservation was $10,808. About 23.0% of families and 24.6% of the population were below the

poverty line The poverty threshold, poverty limit, poverty line or breadline is the minimum level of income deemed adequate in a particular country. The poverty line is usually calculated by estimating the total cost of one year's worth of necessities for t ...

, including 22.5% of those under age 18 and 27.8% of those age 65 or over.

Notable residents

Mary Mitchell Gabriel Margaret Mary Mitchell Gabriel (November 12, 1908 – July 10, 2004) was a Passamaquoddy basket maker from Maine. She was awarded a National Heritage Fellowship in 1994. Early life Mary Mitchell was born on the Passamaquoddy reservation near ...

(1908–2004), basket maker * Tomah Joseph (1837–1914), governor, guide, and artist *

Geo Neptune Geo Soctomah Neptune is a Passamaquoddy Two-Spirit, master basket maker, activist, storyteller, model, and educator from Indian Township, Maine. Neptune uses they/them pronouns. Basketry After graduating from Gould Academy and earning a thea ...

, basket maker *

Molly Neptune Parker Molly Neptune Parker (February 6, 1939June 12, 2020) was an American basket weaver. She became well known for her artistry, with her works selling for thousands of dollars. As a co-founder and president of the Maine Indian Basketmakers Alliance, ...

, basket maker

References

External links

Four Directions Development Corporation

EPA Tribal Program in New England Portal
"Passamaquoddy Tribe Indian Township
Wabanaki Trails {{Coord, 45, 15, 56, N, 67, 36, 44, W, scale:250000_source:GNIS, display=title American Indian reservations in Maine Geography of Washington County, Maine