''Xanthoparmelia loxodes'' is a species of

foliose lichen Foliose lichen is one of the morphological classes of lichens, which are complex organisms that arise from the symbiotic relationship between fungi and a photosynthetic partner, typically algae. This partnership allows lichen to live in diverse ...

in the family

Parmeliaceae The Parmeliaceae is a large and diverse family of Lecanoromycetes. With over 2700 species in 71 genera, it is the largest family of lichen-forming fungi. The most speciose genera in the family are the well-known groups: '' Xanthoparmelia'' ( 822 ...

. It was first formally described by Finnish botanist William Nylander in 1872, as ''Parmelia loxodes''. In 1978, Ted Esslinger created the genus ''Neofuscelia'', which contained species previously classified in '' Parmelia'' subgenus ''Neofusca''; ''Neofuscelia loxodes'' was one of many species transferred here. In a 2004

molecular phylogenetic Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to ...

study published by Oscar Blanco,

Ana Crespo Ana María Crespo de las Casas (born 30 March 1948, Santa Cruz de Tenerife) is a Spanish lichenologist noted for studying the phytosociology, taxonomy and floristics of Mediterranean lichens. She was awarded the 2012 Acharius Medal from the Intern ...

, John A. Elix,

David L. Hawksworth David Leslie Hawksworth (born 1946 in Sheffield, UK) is a British mycologist and lichenologist currently with a professorship in the Universidad Complutense de Madrid in Madrid, Spain and also a Scientific Associate of The Natural History Museum ...

and H. Thorsten Lumbsch, they showed that ''Neofuscelia'' did not form a

clade A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, ...

distinct from ''

Xanthoparmelia ''Xanthoparmelia'' (commonly known as green rock shields or rock-shield lichens) is a genus of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae.Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, ''Xanthoparmelia'' is syn ...

'', and they reduced it to synonymy under ''Xanthoparmelia''. ''Xanthoparmelia loxodes'' is widely distributed in Europe, where it grows on

siliceous rock Siliceous rocks are sedimentary rocks that have silica (SiO2) as the principal constituent. The most common siliceous rock is chert; other types include diatomite. They commonly form from silica-secreting organisms such as radiolarians, diatoms, or ...

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q80877590

loxodes ''Loxodes'' is a genus of karyorelictean ciliates, belonging to family Loxodidae. It is the only known karyorelictean ciliate that lives in freshwater habitats. The term ''Loxodes'' derives from the ancient greek (), meaning "oblique, tilted". ...

Lichen species Lichens described in 1872 Lichens of Europe Taxa named by William Nylander (botanist)

See also

References