Pardubice Region
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Pardubice Region ( cs, Pardubický kraj; , ; pl, Kraj pardubicki) is an administrative unit ( cs, kraj) of the
Czech Republic The Czech Republic, or simply Czechia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Historically known as Bohemia, it is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the southeast. The ...
, located mainly in the eastern part of its historical region of
Bohemia Bohemia ( ; cs, Čechy ; ; hsb, Čěska; szl, Czechy) is the westernmost and largest historical region of the Czech Republic. Bohemia can also refer to a wider area consisting of the historical Lands of the Bohemian Crown ruled by the Bohem ...
, with a small part in northwestern
Moravia Moravia ( , also , ; cs, Morava ; german: link=yes, Mähren ; pl, Morawy ; szl, Morawa; la, Moravia) is a historical region in the east of the Czech Republic and one of three historical Czech lands, with Bohemia and Czech Silesia. The me ...
. It is named after its capital Pardubice. As an administrative unit, Pardubice Region has existed three times in the course of history. It was established for the first time in 1850, and extended from
Český Brod Český Brod (; german: Böhmisch Brod) is a town in Kolín District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 7,100 inhabitants. It is located east of Prague. The town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as ...
to the Bohemian-Moravian border. In its second existence, it was one of 19 regions as they were set between 1949 and 1960. After 1960, Pardubice became the capital of Pardubice district, which was part of the Eastern Bohemian Region (capital
Hradec Králové Hradec Králové (; german: Königgrätz) is a city of the Czech Republic. It has about 91,000 inhabitants. It is the capital of the Hradec Králové Region. The historic centre of Hradec Králové is well preserved and is protected by law as an ...
). The Pardubice Region, as it is now, was reestablished in 2000.


Administrative divisions

The Pardubice Region is divided into 4 districts: There are a total of 451 municipalities in the region (as of 2019). Among these are 15 municipalities with extended powers and 26 municipalities with a delegated municipal office. Thirty-two of the municipalities are classified as towns. The regional central offices are in Pardubice.


Population

The total population of the Pardubice Region is about 520,000. 17 municipalities have a higher population than 5,000. The largest municipality of the region is Pardubice with a population of more than 90,000. The table below shows the municipalities in Pardubice Region with the largest population (as of 1 January 2019). Other significant towns in Pardubice Region are
Hlinsko Hlinsko () is a town in Chrudim District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 9,400 inhabitants. It is the natural centre of a microregion called ''Hlinecko''. The local part of Betlém is well preserved example of folk arc ...
,
Přelouč Přelouč () is a town in Pardubice District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 9,300 inhabitants. Administrative parts Villages of Klenovka, Lhota, Lohenice, Mělice, Škudly, Štěpánov and Tupesy are administrative p ...
,
Polička Polička (; german: Politschka) is a town in Svitavy District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 8,700 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument zone. Administrat ...
, Choceň,
Holice Holice (; german: Holitz) is a town in Pardubice District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 6,500 inhabitants. Administrative parts Town parts and villages of Kamenec, Koudelka, Podhráz, Podlesí, Roveňsko and Staré ...
, Letohrad and
Žamberk Žamberk (; german: Senftenberg in Böhmen) is a town in Ústí nad Orlicí District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 6,000 inhabitants. In lies on the Divoká Orlice river. The town centre is well preserved and is pr ...
.


Geography

With a total size of 4,519 km2, Padrubice is the fifth smallest region in the Czech Republic.
Králický Sněžník Králický Sněžník () or Śnieżnik (Polish: ) is a mountain in Eastern Bohemia, located on the border between the Czech Republic and Poland. With , it is the highest mountain of the Snieznik Mountains. Etymology The name ''Sněžník'' or ' ...
(1,424 m) is the highest point in the region. The lowest point (201 m) is situated on the water surface of the Labe (Elbe) River near Kojice. The southern and southeastern parts of the region are home to the hilly areas of Žďárské vrchy and
Železné Hory Železné is a municipality and village in Brno-Country District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 500 inhabitants. Železné lies approximately north-west of Brno and south-east of Prague. References

...
(Iron Mountains). The central and western parts of the region are formed by the
Polabí Polabí (german: Elbeland) is the traditional and informal name for a lowlands region located mainly in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. Etymology The name comes from Czech ''po Labi'', meaning "along the Elbe". The same linguist ...
lowlands. In the northeast, the region reaches the Orlické hory and Hrubý Jeseník Mountains. The European Watershed runs through the region, where it separates the basins of the
North Sea The North Sea lies between Great Britain, Norway, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands and Belgium. An epeiric sea on the European continental shelf, it connects to the Atlantic Ocean through the English Channel in the south and the Norwegian S ...
and the
Black Sea The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea of the Atlantic Ocean lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia. It is bounded by Bulgaria, Georgia, Roma ...
. The tripoint of the
Danube The Danube ( ; ) is a river that was once a long-standing frontier of the Roman Empire and today connects 10 European countries, running through their territories or being a border. Originating in Germany, the Danube flows southeast for , pa ...
(Black Sea),
Elbe The Elbe (; cs, Labe ; nds, Ilv or ''Elv''; Upper and dsb, Łobjo) is one of the major rivers of Central Europe. It rises in the Giant Mountains of the northern Czech Republic before traversing much of Bohemia (western half of the Czech Repu ...
(North Sea) and
Oder The Oder ( , ; Czech, Lower Sorbian and ; ) is a river in Central Europe. It is Poland's second-longest river in total length and third-longest within its borders after the Vistula and Warta. The Oder rises in the Czech Republic and flows thr ...
(
Baltic Sea The Baltic Sea is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that is enclosed by Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Sweden and the North and Central European Plain. The sea stretches from 53°N to 66°N latitude and from ...
) watersheds is located at the peak of
Králický Sněžník Králický Sněžník () or Śnieżnik (Polish: ) is a mountain in Eastern Bohemia, located on the border between the Czech Republic and Poland. With , it is the highest mountain of the Snieznik Mountains. Etymology The name ''Sněžník'' or ' ...
. The majority of the region belongs to the drainage basin of the Elbe, consisting of the rivers Chrudimka, Divoká Orlice, Doubrava, Loučná, Tichá Orlice and Třebovka. The rivers in the drainage basin of the Danube are the Morava, Moravská Sázava, Svitava and Třebůvka. The Seč Dam (220ha) and the Pastviny Dam (92ha) are among the larger water bodies in the region. The most prevalent soil types in the region are
podzol In soil science, podzols are the typical soils of coniferous or boreal forests and also the typical soils of eucalypt forests and heathlands in southern Australia. In Western Europe, podzols develop on heathland, which is often a construct of ...
and
cambisol A Cambisol in the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB) is a soil in the beginning of soil formation. The horizon differentiation is weak. This is evident from weak, mostly brownish discolouration and/or structure formation in the soil pr ...
. Forests cover 29.6% of the region and are predominantly coniferous.
Deciduous In the fields of horticulture and Botany, the term ''deciduous'' () means "falling off at maturity" and "tending to fall off", in reference to trees and shrubs that seasonally shed leaves, usually in the autumn; to the shedding of petals, aft ...
forests occur around Pardubice.


Climate

Pardubice Region has a continental climate characterized by relatively hot summers and cold winters. The climate in Pardubice Region differs depending on location. The areas in the
Polabí Polabí (german: Elbeland) is the traditional and informal name for a lowlands region located mainly in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. Etymology The name comes from Czech ''po Labi'', meaning "along the Elbe". The same linguist ...
lowlands in the western part of the region are relatively warmer with annual mean temperatures reaching 8 °C. On the other hand, the coldest areas are situated in the hilly northeastern part of the region, where the annual mean temperatures are around 4 °C. Precipitation is relatively lower in the central part of the region where the total annual values are around 700 – 800 mm. In the areas with higher elevation (such as Žďárské Vrchy or the foothills of Orlické Hory) there is higher precipitation with annual values of 800 – 1,000 mm.


Economy

The
gross domestic product Gross domestic product (GDP) is a money, monetary Measurement in economics, measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced and sold (not resold) in a specific time period by countries. Due to its complex and subjec ...
(GDP) per capita of the region was 81.1% of the national average in 2011. Services form the largest part of the region's economy, forming 52.4% of GDP in 2011. Other significant sectors are industry (36.9% of GDP) and construction (7.2% of GDP). The registered
unemployment rate Unemployment, according to the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development), is people above a specified age (usually 15) not being in paid employment or self-employment but currently available for work during the refere ...
was 8.44% at the end of 2011. The highest unemployment rate was in
Svitavy District Svitavy District ( cs, okres Svitavy) is a district (''okres'') within Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. Its capital is the town of Svitavy. As a part of Pardubice Region the district has borders with Ústí nad Orlicí District to the nor ...
. * Industry Industry and commercial public services are the basis of Pardubice's economy. General engineering, textiles, clothing, and leather processing are the strongest industrial branches. The chemical industry in Pardubice Region is larger than anywhere else in the Czech Republic. * Transport Road networks make up 3,597 km that transverse throughout the region. Roads I/35 and I/37 (connecting to I/17 in Chrudim) are noted as the most important. A 9 km section of the D11 motorway connect the region to Prague. The two-lane R35 expressway is planned to cross the region and connect it with Liberec, Germany and the Moravian network of highways and expressways. There are 542 km of railways in the region, connecting it to Prague, Brno, Liberec, Olomouc, Ostrava, and to Poland. The railway corridor of Berlin – Prague – Brno – Vienna crosses the region and in Pardubice it is connected to routes of national significance to Liberec and Havlíčkův Brod. Pardubice has an
international airport An international airport is an airport with customs and border control facilities enabling passengers to travel between countries around the world. International airports are usually larger than domestic airports and they must feature longer ...
, operating for both public and military flights, which is listed in the category of the top 5 airports in the Czech Republic. * Agriculture Agriculture plays an important role in the region. The agricultural land covers about 60.2% of all land in the region, while the
arable land Arable land (from the la, arabilis, "able to be ploughed") is any land capable of being ploughed and used to grow crops.''Oxford English Dictionary'', "arable, ''adj''. and ''n.''" Oxford University Press (Oxford), 2013. Alternatively, for the ...
occupies 43.8%. Forests cover 29.6% of the region. * Tourism Attractions from natural tourist spots (such as the Železné Hory and the Orlické Hory) to historical monuments, mostly medieval castles established since the 13th century, all encourage tourism to the region. The most significant historical monuments in the region are connected with the noble Pernštejn family from Moravia, who had two huge castles built, at
Litice nad Orlicí Litice nad Orlicí (german: Lititz an der Adler) is a village and administrative part of Záchlumí in Ústí nad Orlicí District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic The Czech Republic, or simply Czechia, is a landlocked c ...
, and on Kunětická Hora near Pardubice. In 2011 there were 365 facilities providing accommodation in the region for 324,000 visitors.


Education and health care

In 2011 there were: * 309 kindergartens with 17,994 students * 251 elementary schools with 41,184 students * 21 secondary elementary schools (Czech: '' gymnázium'') with 6,305 students * 55 high schools with 16,413 students * 10 colleges (Czech: ''vyšší odborná škola'') with 1,135 students *
University of Pardubice University of Pardubice ( or UPA) is a university in Pardubice, the Czech Republic. In 2021 it had nearly 8,000 students. It is the only university in Pardubice Region. History In the aftermath of the World War II, chemical factories in the city ...
with seven faculties and more than 10,000 students. Furthermore, there were nine hospitals with a capacity of 2,584 patients. In total, there were 2,009 doctors in the region and the patient-per-doctor ratio was 257.


Places of interest

*National Breeding Stud at
Kladruby nad Labem Kladruby nad Labem is a municipality and village in Pardubice District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 600 inhabitants. It is known as the home of the Kladruber horse breed. The village with the surrounding landscape ...
*
Králíky Králíky (; german: Grulich) is a town in Ústí nad Orlicí District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 4,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument zone. A ...
and
Králický Sněžník Králický Sněžník () or Śnieżnik (Polish: ) is a mountain in Eastern Bohemia, located on the border between the Czech Republic and Poland. With , it is the highest mountain of the Snieznik Mountains. Etymology The name ''Sněžník'' or ' ...
National Nature Reserve * Kunětická Hora Castle *
Lanškroun Ponds Nature Park Lanškroun Ponds Nature Park ( cs, Přírodní park Lanškrounské rybníky) is a nature park in Ústí nad Orlicí District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It includes the Lanškroun Ponds Nature Reserve. Location Lanškroun Pon ...
* Letohrad and its Museum of Crafts *
Litomyšl Litomyšl (; german: Leitomischl) is a town in Svitavy District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 9,900 inhabitants. It is former bishopric and Latin Catholic titular see. Litomyšl is known for the château-type castle c ...
with the Renaissance Chateau * Nové Hrady Chateau * Pardubice with the Pardubice Chateau and Grand Pardubice Steeplechase * Svojanov Castle * Veselý Kopec, the largest collection of folk architecture in Bohemia *Železné Hory National Geopark


Gallery

Chrudim - kostel Nanebevzetí Panny Marie.jpg, Chrudim Kralicky-Sneznik-01.jpg, Kralický Sněžník Kunětická Hora from air M1 -2.jpg, Kunětická Hora Castle Lanskroun-radnice1.jpg, Lanškroun Town Hall Litomysl zamek od JZ DSCN0628.JPG, Litomyšl Chateau Moravská Třebová-náměstí s radnicí.jpg, Moravská Třebová Zámek Nové Hrady.JPG, Nové Hrady Castle Zamek Pardubice.jpg, Pardubice Castle De- Policka, Mariensäule.jpg, Polička Slatinany CZ castle from E 0298.jpg, Slatiňany Castle VeselýKopec2008g.jpg, Veselý Kopec Lichnice-leden.jpg, Iron Mountains


References


External links

*
Official tourist portal
{{authority control Regions of the Czech Republic